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Public Health Authorities in Relation to the struggle against Tuberculosis in England

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

Arthur Newsholme
Affiliation:
Medical Officer of Health of Brighton.
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The task with which I have been honoured—of reporting upon the action of English Public Health Authorities in regard to tuberculosis—can, I believe, be best fulfilled (a) by a review of the history of the mortality from tuberculosis in England since 1837, when vital statistics first became available, (b) by a statement of the factors which have been instrumental in causing the reduction in the mortality from tuberculosis shown in these statistics, and an attempt at weighing their relative importance, (c) by a description of the more direct measures taken in England to diminish the prevalence of tuberculosis, and (d) by a forecast of the lines on which preventive measures against this disease are likely to be extended.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1903

References

page 449 note 1 This represents the decline of 13 not of 5 years. Reduced in the proportion of 13 to 5 it becomes 12.7 per cent.

page 450 note 1 In the Practitioner, New Series, Vol. XIII. 1901, page 206, I have given my reasons for regarding wetness of soil as of relatively small importance in the causation of tuberculosis.

page 450 note 2 Hunterian Oration, 1899.

page 451 note 1 Giffen, : ‘Progress of the Working Classes, etc.Journ. Statist. Soc. 18831984.Google Scholar

page 451 note 2 Journ. Statist. Soc. Vol. VIII. Part II. page 254.Google Scholar

page 452 note 1 A Financial Retrospect 1861–1901.’ Journ. Statist. Soc. Mar.. 1902.Google Scholar

page 452 note 2 The Progress of the Working Classes in the last Half-Century.’ Journ. Statist. Soc. 18831984.Google Scholar

page 452 note 3 Mr A.L. Bowley, M.A., after an independent investigation of a large number of trades concludes that ‘average income and average wages have increased at nearly equal average rates, and that both have nearly doubled during the period under review,’ 1860 to 1891. (Journ. Statist. Soc. Vol. LVIII. Part II. p. 251.)

page 456 note 1 The methods of disinfection adopted in Manchester are fully described in Trans. British Congress on Tuberculosis, Vol. II. p. 18.Google Scholar

page 458 note 1 No difficulty has arisen owing to patients being afraid of acquiring scarlet fever or diphtheria, and no cross-infection has occurred; each disease has a separate pavilion with its own separate recreation ground. The phthisical patients are treated on the same lines as in other open-air Sanatoria.

page 460 note 1 For details as to the amount of provision of Sanatorium treatment in England see Postscript, p. 461.

page 465 note 1 The special hospitals in London provide accommodation for about 665 patients, while those in the provinces and Scotland have together only about 78 beds (Dr Kelynack, The Hospital, April 25, 03, p. 58).