Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T15:41:57.120Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Properties of strains of Escherichia coli belonging to serogroup O 157 with special reference to production of Vero cytotoxins VTl and VT2

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2009

S. M. Scotland ,
G. A. Willshaw ,
H. R. Smith  and
B. Rowe
S. M. Scotland
Affiliation:
Division of Enteric Pathogens, Central Public Health Laboratory, Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK
G. A. Willshaw
Affiliation:
Division of Enteric Pathogens, Central Public Health Laboratory, Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK
H. R. Smith
Affiliation:
Division of Enteric Pathogens, Central Public Health Laboratory, Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK
B. Rowe
Affiliation:
Division of Enteric Pathogens, Central Public Health Laboratory, Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5HT, UK
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Fifty-four strains of Escherichia coli belonging to serogroup O 157 were examined for the production of Vero cytotoxins VT1 and VT2, and for other properties such as plasmid content, resistance to antimicrobial agents and colicin production. Twenty-six strains from cases of diarrhoea, haemorrhagic colitis and haemolytic uraemic syndrome in humans produced VT. By serum neutralization tests and hybridization with DNA probes for VTl or VT2, three classes were recognized which produced either VTl alone or VT2 alone or both VTl and VT2. These strains were of H type 7 or non-motile. The strains producing VT were sensitive to all the antimicrobial agents tested, and all carried at least one plasmid which had a molecular weight of c.60 × 106. Seven strains of porcine origin and 21 strains of human origin did not produce VT or hybridize with either DNA probe. None of these strains was of H type 7. Of the 21 human VT” strains, 17 were of extraintestinal origin and 18 were of H type 45. Twenty-three of the 28 VT” strains were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 99 , Issue 3 , December 1987 , pp. 613 - 624
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

References

REFERENCES

Anderson, E. S. & Threlfall, E. J. (1974). The characterization of plasmids in the enterobacteria. Journal of Hygiene 72, 471–487.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birnboim, H. C. & Doly, J. (1979). A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucleic Acids Research 7, 1513–1523.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Borczyk, A. A., Karmali, M. A., Lior, H. & Duncan, L. M. C. (1987). Bovine reservoir for Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O 157.H7. Lancet i, 98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Day, N. P., Scotland, S. M., Cheasty, T. & Rowe, B. (1983). Escherichia coli O 157.H7 associated with human infections in the United Kingdom. Lancet i, 825.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, A. G., Ching, Y. C., Williams, R. G. & Harden, L. B. (1972). Test for Escherichia coli enterotoxin using infant mice: application in a study of diarrhea in children in Honolulu. Journal of Infectious Diseases 125, 407–411.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farmer, J. J. & Davis, B. R. (1985). H7 antiserum-sorbitol fermentation medium for detecting Escherichia coli O 157. H7 associated with hemorrhagic colitis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 22, 620–625.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Furowicz, A. J. & Øhskov, F. (1972). Two new Escherichia coli O antigens, O 150 and 0 157, and one new K antigen, K93, in strains isolated from veterinary disease. Ada Palhologica Microbiologica Scandinavica, Section B 80, 441–444.Google Scholar
Ghansden, W. R., Damm, M. A. S., Anderson, J. D., Carter, J. E. & Lior, H. (1986). Further evidence associating haemolytic uraemic syndrome with infection by Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli O157.H7. Journal of Infectious Diseases 154, 522–524.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gross, R. J. & Rowe, B. (1985). Serotyping of Escherichia coli. In The Virulence of Escherichia coli. Reviews and Methods (ed. Sussman, M.), pp. 345–363. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Johnson, W. M., Lior, H. & Bezanson, G. S. (1983). Cytotoxic Escherichia coli O 157H7 associated with haemorrhagic colitis in Canada. Lancet i, 76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karch, H., Heeseman, J., Laufs, R., O'brien, A. D., Tacket, C. O. & Levine, M. M. (1987). A plasmid of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coliO 157. H 7 is required for expression of a new fimbrial antigen and for adhesion to epithelial cells. Infection and Immunity 55, 455—461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karmali, M. A., Petric, M., Lim, C., Fleming, P. C., Arbus, G. S. & Lior, H. (1985). The association between idiopathic hemolytic uremic syndrome and infection by Verotoxinproducing Escherichia coli. Journal of Infectious Diseases 151, 775–782.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Konowalchuk, J., Speirs, J. I. & Stavric, S. (1977). Vero response to a cytotoxin of Escherichia coli. Infection and Immunity 18, 775–779.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maniatis, T., Fritsch, E. F. & Sambrook, J. (1982). Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor, XY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory.Google Scholar
March, S. B. & Ratnam, S. (1986). Sorbitol-MacConkey medium for detection of Escherichia coli associated with hemorrhagic colitis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 23, 869–872.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martin, M. L., Shipman, L. D., Wells, J. G., Potter, M. E., Hedberg, K., Wachsmuth, I. K., Tauxe, R. V., Davis, J. P., Arnoldi, J. & Tilleli, J. (1986). Isolation of Escherichia coli O 157.H7 from dairy cattle associated with two cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Lancet ii, 1043.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, J. A. & Sojka, W. J. (1985). Escherichia coli as a pathogen in animals. In The Virulence of Escherichia coli: Reviews and Methods (ed. Sussman, M.) pp. 47–77. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Neill, M. A., Agosti, J. & Rosen, H. (1985). Hemorrhagic colitis with Escherichia coli O 157. H7 preceding adult hemolytic uremic svndrome. Archives of Internal Medicine 145, 2215–2217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newland, J. W., Strockbine, N. A., Miller, S. F., O'Brien, A. D. & Holmes, R. K. (1985). Cloning of Shiga-like structural genes from a toxin converting phage of Escherichia coli. Science 230, 179–181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Brien, A. D. & La Veck, G. D. (1983). Purification and characterization of a Shigella dysenteriae 1-like toxin produced by Escherichia coli. Infection and Immunity 40, 675–683.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Brien, A. D., Lively, T. A., Chen, M. E., Rothman, S. W. & Formal, S. B. (1983). Escherichia coli O 157. H7 strains associated with haemorrhagic colitis in the United States produce a Shigella dysenteriae 1 (Shiga)-like cytotoxin. Lancet i, 702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Brien, A. D., Newland, J. W., Miller, S. F., Holmes, R. K., Smith, H. W. & Formal, S. B. (1984). Shiga-like toxin-converting phages from Escherichia coli strains that cause hemorrhagic colitis or infantile diarrhea. Science 226, 694–696.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pai, C. H., Gordon, R., Sims, H. V. & Bryan, L. E. (1984). Sporadic cases of hemorrhagic colitis associated with Escherichia coli O 157.H 7. Chnical, epidemiologic, and bacteriologic features. Annals of Internal Medicine 101, 738–742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palmer, S. R. (1986). A community outbreak of haemorrhagic colitis due to verotoxin producing Escherichia coli O 157 H7. Proceedings of the 2nd World Congress. Foodborne Infections and Intoxications. Berlin: Institute of Veterinary Medicine – Robert von Ostertag Institute.Google Scholar
Parry, S. H. & Rooke, D. M. (1985). Adhesins and colonization factors of Escherichia coli. In The Virulence of Escherichia coli. Reviews and Methods (ed. Sussman, M.), pp. 79–155. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Pugsley, A. P. (1985). Escherichia coli K 12 strains for use in the identification and characterization of colicins. Journal of General Microbiology 131, 369–376.Google Scholar
Ratnam, S. & March, S. B. (1986). Sporadic occurrence of hemorrhagic colitis associated with Escherichia coli O 157.H7 in Xewfoundland. Canadian Medical Association Journal 134. 43–49.Google Scholar
Remis, R. S., MacDonald, K. L., Rilby, L. W., Puim, N., Wells, L. G., Davis, B. R., Hebert, R. J., Olcott, E. S., Johnson, L. M., Hargrett, N. T., Blake, P. A. & Cohen, M. L. (1984). Sporadic cases of hemorrhagic colitis associated with Escherichia coli O 157.H7. Annals of Internal Medicine 101, 624–626.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riley, L. W., Remis, R. S., Helgerson, S. D., McGee, H. B., Wells, J. G., Davis, B. R., Hebert, R. J., Olcott, E. S., Johnson, L. M., Hargrett, N. T., Blake, P. A. & Cohen, M. L. (1983). Hemorrhagic colitis associated with a rare Escherichia coli serotype. New England Journal of Medicine 308, 681–685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ryan, C. A., Tauxe, R. V., Hosek, G. W., Wells, J. G., Stoesz, P. A., McFadden, H. W., Smith, P. W., Wright, G. F. & Blake, P. A. (1986). Escherichia coli O 157.H7 diarrhea in a nursing home: clinical, epidemiological, and pathological findings. Journal of Infectious Diseases 154, 631–638.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scotland, S. M., Day, N. P. & Rowe, B. (1980). Production of a cytotoxin affecting Vero cells by strains of Escherichia coli belonging to traditional enteropathogenic serogroups. FEMS Microbiology Letters 7, 15–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scotland, S. M., Gross, R. J. & Rowe, B. (1985). Laboratory tests for enterotoxin production, enteroinvasion and adhesion in diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli. In The Virulence of Escherichia coli. Reviews and Methods (ed. Sussman, M.), pp. 395–405. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Scotland, S. M., Rowe, B., Smith, H. R., Willshaw, G. A. & Gross, R. J. (1987). Vero eytotoxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli from children with haernolytic uraemia syndrome and their detection by specific DNA probes. Journal of Medical Microbiology. In press.Google Scholar
Scotland, S. M., Smith, H. R. & Rowe, B. (1985). Two distinct toxins active on Vero cells from Escherichia coli O 157. Lancet ii, 885–886.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, H. R., Day, N. P., Scotland, S. M., Gross, R. J. & Rowe, B. (1984). Phage-determined production of Vero cytotoxin in strains of Escherichia coli serogroup O 157. Lancet i, 1242–1243.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, H. R., Rowe, B., Gross, R. J., Fry, N. K. & Scotland, S. M. (1987). Haemorrhagic colitis and Vero eytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli in England and Wales. Lancet i, 1062–1065.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spika, J. S., Parsons, J. E., Nordenberg, D., Wells, J. G., Gunn, R. A. & Blake, P. A. (1986). Hemolytic uremic syndrome and diarrhea associated with Escherichia coli O 157.H7 in a day care center. Journal of Pediatrics 109, 287–291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strockbine, N., Marques, L. R. M., Newland, J. W., Smith, H. W., Holmes, R. K. & O'Brien, A. D. (1986). Two toxin-converting phages from Escherichia coli O 157.H7 strain 933 encode antigenically distinct toxins with similar biologic activities. Infection and Immunity 53, 135–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sweeney, E. J. (1970). Strains of Escherichia coli associated with mortality in pigs. Irish Veterinary Journal 24, 108–113.Google Scholar
Taylor, C. M., White, R. H. R., Winterborn, M. H. & Rowe, B. (1986). Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome: clinical experience of an outbreak in the West Midlands. British Medical Journal 292, 1513–1516.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wells, J. G., Davis, B. R., Wachsmuth, I. K., Riley, L. W., Remis, R. S., Sokolow, R. & Morris, G. K. (1983). Laboratory investigation of hemorrhagic colitis outbreaks associated with a rare Escherichia coli serotype. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 18, 512–520.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Willshaw, G. A., Smith, H. R. & Anderson, E. S. (1979). Application of agarose gel electrophoresis to the characterization of plasmid DNA in drug-resistant enterobacteria. Journal of General Microbiology 114, 15–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Willshaw, G. A., Smith, H. R., Scotland, S. M., Field, A. M. & Rowe, B. (1987). Heterogeneity of Escherichia coli phages encoding Vero cytotoxins: comparison of cloned sequences determining VT1 and VT2 and development of specific gene probes. Journal of General Microbiology 133, 1309–1317.Google ScholarPubMed
Willshaw, G. A., Smith, H. R., Scotland, S. M. & Rowe, B. (1985). Cloning of genes determining the production of Vero cytotoxin by Escherichia coli. Journal of General Microbiology 131, 3047–3053.Google ScholarPubMed
Wilson, R. A. & Francis, D. H. (1986). Fimbriae and enterotoxins associated with Escherichia coli serogroups isolated from pigs with colibacillosis. American Journal of Veterinary Research 47, 213–217.Google ScholarPubMed