Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T15:21:48.169Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Occurrence of drug-resistant bacteria in communal well water around Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

D. D. Ibiebele  and
T. G. Sokari
D. D. Ibiebele
Affiliation:
Institute of Pollution Studies
T. G. Sokari
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, PMB 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A total of 108 raw water samples was collected from 36 wells at nine shanty settlements around Port Harcourt, Nigeria, over a period of 7 months. Samples were analysed for their bacteriological quality. Selected bacterial strains isolated from the samples were tested for their susceptibility to ten commonly used antibiotics. The organisms isolated include Pseudomonas spp., Klebsieila spp., Staphylococcus spp., Proteus spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Aeromonas spp., Escherichia coli, Chromobacterium spp., Flavobacterium spp., and Serratia spp.

Out of 300 strains tested, 23 (6·9%) were susceptible to all the antibiotics, 277 (92·3%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 232 (77·3%) were resistant to two or more antibiotics. The epidemiological significance of these results is discussed.

Type
Special Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 103 , Issue 1 , August 1989 , pp. 193 - 202
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

References

REFERENCES

Al-Jebouri, M. M. (1985). A note on antibiotic resistance in the bacterial flora of raw sewage and sewage-polluted River Tigris in Mosul, Iraq. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 58, 401–405.Google Scholar
Al-Jebouri, M. M. & Al-Meshhadani, N. S. (1985). A note on antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in adult man, raw sewage and sewage-polluted River Tigris in Mosul, Nineva. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 59, 513–518.Google Scholar
Anon. (1983). Small Community Water Supplies: Technology of Small Water Supply Systems in Developing Countries (ed. Hofkes, F. H.), p. 45. International Reference Centre for Community Water Supply and Sanitation (IRC) Technical Paper Series. The Hague: IRC.Google Scholar
Antai, S. P. (1987). Incidence of Staphylococcus aureus, coliforms and antibiotic-resistant strains of Escherichia coli in rural water supplies in Port Harcourt. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 62, 371–375.Google Scholar
AntaI, S. P. & Anozie, S. O. (1987). Incidence of infantile diarrhoea due to enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in Port Harcourt metropolis. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 62, 277–229.Google Scholar
Armstrong, J. L. (1981). Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in drinking water. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 41, 216–221.Google Scholar
Baker, F. J. & Breach, M. R. (1980). Medical Microbiological Techniques. pp. 319–342. London: Butterworth.Google Scholar
Barry, A. L. (1976). The Antibiotic Susceptibility Test: Principles and Practices. pp. 4–11. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.Google Scholar
Birden, H. H. & Cech, I. (1981). Lagged correlation in study of spatial pattern of well contamination. Water Research 15, 291–296.Google Scholar
Chatterjee, A. K. & Starr, M. P. (1972). Transfer among Erwinia species and other enterobacteria of antibiotic resistance carried on R factors. Journal of Bacteriology 112, 576–584.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cooke, M. D. (1976). Antibiotic resistance in coliform and faecal coliform bacteria from natural waters and effluents. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 10, 391–397.Google Scholar
Cowan, S. T. (1974). Cowan and Steel's Manual for Identification of Medical Bacteria. Second edition. London: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Duguid, J. P., Marmion, B. P. & Swain, R. H. A. (1978). Markie and McCartney Medical Microbiology 1, 13th edition, pp. 104–107. London: Longman.Google Scholar
Edwards, P. R. & Ewing, W. H. (1972). Identification of Enterobacteriaceae. Minneapolis: Burgess.Google Scholar
Gangarosa, E. J., Bennett, J. V., Wyatt, C., Pierre, P. E., Olarte, J., Hernandes, P. M., Vazques, V. O. & Bessupo, M. D. (1972). An epidemic associated disease. Journal of Infectious Diseases 126, 215–218.Google Scholar
Gillett, A. P., Wise, R. & Geddes, A. M. (1978). Use of antibiotics: infection in the compromised host. British Medical Journal 2, 335–337.Google Scholar
Havelaar, A. H. (1981). Microbiological criteria for drinking water. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 47, 279–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinton, M., Kaukas, A. & Linton, A. H. (1986). The ecology of drug resistance in enteric bacteria. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 61 (Symposium Supplement).Google Scholar
Hinton, M., Kaukas, A. & Linton, A. H. Micro-organisms in Agriculture (ed. Bateson, M, Benham, C. L. and Skinner, F. A.), pp. 77S–92S. The Society for Applied Bacteriology Symposium Series No. 15.Google Scholar
Johnston, D. W., Bruce, J. & Hill, J. (1983). Incidence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in milk produced in the West of Scotland. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 54, 77–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Linton, A. H. (1977). Animal to man transmission of Enterobacteriaceae. Royal Society of Health Journal 97, 115–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Linton, A. H., Timoney, J. F. & Hinton, M. (1981). The ecology of chloramphenicol-resistance in Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli in calves with endemic salmonella infection. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 50, 115–129.Google Scholar
Mentzing, L. O. (1981). Waterborne outbreak of campylobacter enteritis in central Sweden. Lancet 1, 352–357.Google Scholar
Meyers, F. H., Jawetz, E. & Goldfie, A. (1980). Review of Medical Pharmacology. pp. 530–573. California: Lange.Google Scholar
Noone, P. (1978). Use of antibiotics: aminoglycosides. British Medical Journal 2. 549–552.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Report (1983). The Bacteriological Examination of Drinking Water Supplies 1982:Methods for the Examination of Waters and Associated Materials. Reports on Public Health and Medical Subjects. No. 71. London: Her Majesty's Stationary Office.Google Scholar
Richmond, M. H., Grant, C. J., Frost, L. C. & Turner, G. (1979). Genetics of microorganisms. In Micro-organisms: Function, Form and Environment (ed. Hawker, L. F. P. and Linton, A. H.), pp. 40–68. London: Edward Arnold.Google Scholar
Sokari, T. G., Ibiebele, D. D. & Ottih, R. M. (1988). Antibiotic resistance among coliforms and Pseudomonas spp. from bodies of water around Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 64, 355–359.Google Scholar
Wray, C., Hedges, R. W., Shannon, K. P. & Bradley, D. E. (1986). Apramycin and gentamicin resistance in Eseherichia coli and salmonellas isolated from farm animals. Journal of Hygiene 97, 445–456.Google Scholar