Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T16:13:20.706Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Milk Pasteurisation as a Technical Problem

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

William G. Savage
Affiliation:
County Medical Officer of Health, Somerset.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

One of the difficulties in the way of recommending pasteurisation as a general measure for the protection of the milk supply is the fact that as a technical process it is not completely satisfactory, or perhaps better stated, that there are many loopholes for faulty practice. The problems of pasteurisation are not solved merely by enunciating that scientific investigations under laboratory conditions show that certain time-temperature factors are capable and requisite to kill all pathogenic bacteria in milk and that in the process the damage to the milk is neither material nor detrimental. The application of these time-temperature factors under working conditions involves consideration of a number of practical problems. If we are to adopt pasteurisation as a regular part of Public Health practice it is essential to consider these problems and to make the procedure as technically perfect and satisfactory as possible. Any trade objections have to be considered and weighed and, if they are of substance, removed, if that can be done without harm to essential requirements. This is important, since demands which cut across trade needs are likely to be evaded or at least carried out in a lukewarm fashion.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1933

References

Ayres, S. H. (1932). The present status of the pasteurisation of milk. U.S. Dept. Agric.Bull. No. 342.Google Scholar
Dahlberg, A. C. and Marqwardt, J. C. (1929). The creaming of raw and pasteurised milk.New York State Agric. Expt. Stat. Bull. No. 157.Google Scholar
Eckford, M. O. (1927). Thermophilic bacteria in milk. Amer. J. Hygiene, 7, 201.Google Scholar
Frank, L. C., Moss, F. J. and Le Fevre, P. E. (1932). The temperature behaviour of milk pasteurisers of the thirty-minute holding type. (Unpublished.)Google Scholar
Hamill, J. M. (1923). Notes on the pasteurisation of milk. Ministry of Health, Reports on Publ. Health and Med. Subjects, No. 17.Google Scholar
Hansen, P. A. (1931). Stassanisation of milk. Internal. Dairy Congress, 1931. 3rd sect., Conference Papers, p. 28.Google Scholar
Hansen, P. A. (1931). Thermophilic bacteria in milk pasteurised by the holding method. Proc.Internal. Dairy Congress, 1931. 2nd sect., p. 10.Google Scholar
Heulings, S. M. (1924). Holding tanks for the milk pasteurising process. Proc. of World' Dairy Congress, 1923, 2, 1218.Google Scholar
Hucker, G. J. (1928). A study of the cocci resisting pasteurisation temperatures. Centralbl. s f. Bakt. Parasit. u. Infektionskr. 76, 17.Google Scholar
Mckay, A. L., Currey, D. V., McNabb, A. L. and Berry, A. E. (1932). An epidemic of milk-borne paratyphoid fever, St Catherine's, Ontario, 1932. Canad. Publ. Health J. 23, 303.Google Scholar
Mudge, C. S. and Thorwaldsen, M. L. (1930). Thermophilic bacteria, a problem. Monthly Bull. Dept. Agric. State of California (Sept.-Oct.).Google Scholar
North, C. E. and Park, W. H. (1927). Standards for milk pasteurisation. Amer. J. Hygiene, 7, 147.Google Scholar
Orla-Jensen, S. (1928). A new investigation concerning the low temperature pasteurisation of milk. Proc. of World's Dairy Congress, 1928, p. 107.Google Scholar
Prickett, P. S. and Breed, R. S. (1929). Bacteria that survive and grow during the pasteurisation of milk and their relation to bacterial counts. New York State Agric. Expt. Stat. Bull. No. 571.Google Scholar
Savage, W. G. (1931). Pasteurisation in relation to milk distribution. Lancet (March 7), p. 543.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seligman, R. (1932). Pasteurisation methods. J. Roy. Sanit. Inst. 53, 19.Google Scholar
Whittaker, H. A., Archibald, R. W., Leete, C. S. and Miller, L. F. (1927). A comparison of the temperature and bacterial count of milk and foam during certain stages of the pasteurisation process. U.S. Dept. Agric. Tech. Bull.No. 18.Google Scholar
Whittaker, H. A., Archibald, R. W., Shere, L. and Clement, C. E. (1925). Effect of various factors on the creaming ability of market milk. U.S. Dept. Agric. Departmental Bull. No. 1344.Google Scholar
Yale, M. W. (1929). The control of bacteria that grow during pasteurisation. New York State Agric. Expt. Stat. Bull. No. 156.Google Scholar
Yale, M. W. and Breed, R. S. (1930). The control of thermophilic bacteria in pasteurising plants. Amer. J. Publ. Health, 20, 1192.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed