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Infectious gastroenteritis in Norfolk Island and recovery of viruses from drinking water

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2009

A. M. Murphy ,
G. S. Grohmann  and
M. F. H. Sexton
A. M. Murphy
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Centre, Sydney 2145, Australia, and Norfolk Island Administration, Norfolk Island, South Pacific 2899, Australia
G. S. Grohmann
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Centre, Sydney 2145, Australia, and Norfolk Island Administration, Norfolk Island, South Pacific 2899, Australia
M. F. H. Sexton
Affiliation:
Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Westmead Centre, Sydney 2145, Australia, and Norfolk Island Administration, Norfolk Island, South Pacific 2899, Australia
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Summary

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A high incidence of gastroenteritis in both islanders and tourists has been recorded in recent years on Norfolk Island – a popular tourist resort for Australians and New Zealanders. No bacterial cause has been found. However, electron microscopic examination of 28 faecal specimens revealed viruses associated with gastroenteritis in 21 (75%). No viruses were isolated in cell cultures. Bore water is used for drinking purposes on the island and 32 samples from 15 bores were examined for viruses by electron microscopy and culture as well as for bacterial contamination. Seven polioviruses (all type 1 vaccine strain) and adenoviruses 1 and 5 were isolated in cell cultures. In addition one rotavirus, one adenovirus and two small round viruses were detected by electron microscopy. Six of 21 samples tested showed unacceptably high levels of bacteria for drinking water. The deep ground water has apparently become contaminated with sewage effluent and is almost certainly the main cause of the high level of gastroenteritis on the island.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 91 , Issue 1 , August 1983 , pp. 139 - 146
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983

References

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