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A graded-dose study of inactivated, surface antigen influenza B vaccine in volunteers: reactogenicity, antibody response and protection to challenge virus infection*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2009

A. Goodeve ,
C. W. Potter ,
A. Clark ,
R. Jennings ,
G. C. Schild  and
R. Yetts
A. Goodeve
Affiliation:
Department of Virology, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX
C. W. Potter
Affiliation:
Department of Virology, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX
A. Clark
Affiliation:
Department of Virology, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX
R. Jennings
Affiliation:
Department of Virology, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX
G. C. Schild
Affiliation:
National Institutes for Biological Standards and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London NW3 5RB
R. Yetts
Affiliation:
National Institutes for Biological Standards and Control, Holly Hill, Hampstead, London NW3 5RB
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One hundred and nineteen volunteers were divided into five groups, and each volunteer inoculated subcutaneously with an aqueous subunit B/Hong Kong/73 vaccine containing 40, 20, 10, or 5 μg of HA or saline alone in a 0·5 ml volume. The incidence of reactions was recorded 24 h after inoculation. One month following immunization the serum HI antibody to B/Hong Kong/73 virus was measured; each volunteer was inoculated intranasally with live, attenuated influenza B (RB77) virus; and the incidence of infection by the challenge virus was determined by HI antibody response.

The results showed that the incidence of reactions to all doses of vaccine were relatively low, the severity mild, and the duration short. However, the incidence of reactions was highest for those given 40 μg HA and least for those given 5 μg HA. The serum HI antibody responses to vaccine showed a dose-response relationship. For volunteers given 40 μg HA, 22 (96%) showed a fourfold rise in antibody titre and all volunteers had antibody titres of > 40 following immunization: for volunteers given 5 μg HA the g.m.t. increased from 16·6 to 86·1; and for those given 10 and 20 μg HA the response was intermediate. Following challenge, the lowest incidence of infection was seen in volunteers given the highest dose of vaccine. However, all doses of vaccine induced some protection against challenge virus infection, and the incidence of infection was directly related to the serum antibody titre at the time of challenge. The 50% protection titre of serum HI antibody was estimated as 15 to 20.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 90 , Issue 1 , February 1983 , pp. 107 - 115
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1983

References

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