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Funerals during the 1994 cholera epidemic in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa: The need for disinfection of bodies of persons dying of cholera

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 1998

G. GUNNLAUGSSON ,
J. EINARSDÓTTIR ,
F. J. ANGULO ,
S. A. MENTAMBANAR ,
A. PASSA  and
R. V. TAUXE
G. GUNNLAUGSSON
Affiliation:
The Regional Health Board of Biombo, Ministry of Public Health, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
J. EINARSDÓTTIR
Affiliation:
The Department of Social Anthropology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
F. J. ANGULO
Affiliation:
The Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
S. A. MENTAMBANAR
Affiliation:
The Regional Health Board of Biombo, Ministry of Public Health, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
A. PASSA
Affiliation:
The Regional Health Board of Biombo, Ministry of Public Health, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
R. V. TAUXE
Affiliation:
The Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
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Abstract

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The 1994 cholera epidemic in Guinea-Bissau resulted in 15878 reported cases and 306 deaths. Early in the epidemic, although the health ministry mandated that the bodies of persons dying of cholera be disinfected, outbreaks occurred in several villages following funerals in the region of Biombo. To determine the influence of disinfection and funeral activities on cholera transmission, we analysed surveillance data and conducted a case-control study following a funeral. The attack rate during the week following funerals was higher in villages where bodies were not disinfected (risk ratio = 2·6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1·9–3·8). Cholera was strongly associated with eating at a funeral with a non-disinfected corpse (odds ratio [OR] = 14·5, 95% CI 0·9–786) and with touching (i.e., transporting, washing) the body (OR = 36·2, 95% CI 2·6–1769). During cholera epidemics, in addition to other cholera prevention activities, health officials should inform community leaders about the risk of cholera transmission during funerals, meals should not be served at funerals, and bodies of persons dying of cholera should be disinfected.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 120 , Issue 1 , February 1998 , pp. 7 - 15
Copyright
© 1998 Cambridge University Press