Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2brh9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T21:19:48.876Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Fluorine in drinking water

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

Leo Spira  and
F. H. Grimbleby
Leo Spira
Affiliation:
Lecturer in Agricultural Chemistry, The University, Reading
F. H. Grimbleby
Affiliation:
Lecturer in Agricultural Chemistry, The University, Reading
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The modern study of the problem of fluorosis (chronic fluorine poisoning) became possible when an Italian, Stefano Chiaie, described, as quoted by Eager (1901), an unsightly dental dystrophy, now known as ‘mottled teeth’. The efforts to trace its aetiology have been ceaselessly continued ever since, mainly by American investigators. Outstanding amongst these were Black & McKay (1916), pioneers whose researches led to the discovery made by Smith, Lantz & Smith (1931) that it was the fluorine, contained in drinking water, in a concentration of not less than 1 part per million (1 p.p.m.) and ingested during the period of calcification of the teeth, which was the direct cause of the dental dystrophy. This result was soon followed up by a number of observers, mainly in the United States under the leadership of the dental profession, amongst them physiologists, experimental pathologists, pharmacologists, veterinary surgeons, geologists and analytical chemists. The gate for further research, which in view of its magnitude and importance must be considered as being still in its infancy, has thus been thrown wide open.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 43 , Issue 2 , April 1943 , pp. 142 - 145
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1943

References

REFERENCES

Ainsworth, N. J. (1933). Brit. Dent. J. 55, 233.Google Scholar
Black, G. V. & McKay, F. S. (1916). Dent. Cosmos, 58, 129.Google Scholar
Bowes, J. H. & Murray, M. M. (1936). Brit. Dent. J. 60, 556.Google Scholar
Clawson, M. D., Khalifah, E. S. & Perks, A. J. (1940). J. Amer. Dent. Assoc. 27, 1569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, H. T. (1938). Publ. Hlth Rep. 53, 1443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, H. T. (1940). J. Pediat. 16, 782.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, H. T., Jay, P., Arnold, F. A. & Elvove, E. (1941). Publ. Hlth Rep. 56, 365, 761.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, H. T. & McKay, F. S. (1939). Amer. J. Publ. Hlth, 29, 590.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, H. T., McKay, F. S. & Elvove, E. (1938). Publ. Hlth Rep. 53, 1736.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eager, J. M. (1902). Dent. Cosmos, 44, 300.Google Scholar
Gies, W. J. (1911). J. Amer. Med. Assoc. 57, 816.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gies, W. J. (1916). Biochem. Bull. 5, 151.Google Scholar
Greenwood, D. A. (1940). Physiol. Rev. 20, 582.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kahn, M. (1911). Biochem. Bull. 1, 235.Google Scholar
Kempf, G. A. & McKay, F. S. (1930). Publ. Hlth Rep. 45, 2923.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKay, F. S. (1925). Dent. Cosmos, 67, 847.Google Scholar
McKay, F. S. (1933). J. Amer. Dent. Assoc. 20, 1137.Google Scholar
McKay, F. S. (1939). J. Amer. Dent. Assoc. 26, 900.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murray, M. M. & Wilson, D. C. (1942). Lancet, 1, 98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanchis, J. M. (1934). Industr. Engng. Chem. 6, 134.Google Scholar
Schaeffer, G., Fontès, G., Le Breton, E., Oberling, C. & Thivelle, L. (1928a). J. Hyg., Camb., 28, 92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaeffer, G., Fontès, G., Le Breton, E., Oberling, C. & Thivelle, L. (1928b). Bull. Soc. sci. Hyg. aliment., Paris, 16, 1, 49.Google Scholar
Schaeffer, G., Fontès, G., Le Breton, E., Oberling, C. & Thivelle, L. (1929). Bull. Soc. sci. Hyg. aliment., Paris, 17, 74.Google Scholar
Smith, M. C., Lantz, E. M. & Smith, H. V. (1932). J. Dent. Res. 12, 149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sognnaes, R. F. (1941). Brit. Dent. J. 70, 433.Google Scholar
Spira, L. (1928). Franco-Brit. Med. Rev. 5, 1, 61.Google Scholar
Spira, L. (1933). The Clinical Aspect of Chronic Poisoning by Aluminium and its Alloys. London.Google Scholar
Spira, L. (1941). Lancet, 2, 23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spira, L. (1942a). Lancet, 1, 649.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spira, L. (1942b). Brit. Dent. J. 73, 149.Google Scholar
Spira, L. (1942c). Edinburgh Med. J. 49, 707.Google Scholar
Spira, L. (1943a). J. Hyg., Camb., 43, 69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spira, L. & Kolesar, P. D. (1942). Brit. Dent. J. 73, 233.Google Scholar
Steel, M. (1911). Amer. J. Physiol. 28, 94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Underhill, F. P. & Peterman, F. J. (1929). Amer. J. Physiol. 90, 1, 15, 40, 62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Underhill, F. P., Peterman, F. J., Gross, E. G. & Krause, A. C. (1929a). Amer. J. Physiol. 90, 67, 72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Underhill, F. P., Peterman, F. J. & Sperandeo, A. (1929b). Amer. J. Physiol. 90, 76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Underhill, F. P., Peterman, F. J. & Steel, S. L. (1929c). Amer. J. Physiol. 90, 52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weart, J. G. & Klassen, C. W. (1937). J. Amer. Wat. Wks Ass. 29, 985.Google Scholar
Wilson, D. C. (1941). Lancet, 1, 211, 375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar