Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-g7gxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T07:24:59.715Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Faecal excretion of rotavirus and other enteropathogens in newborns of the high and low socio-economic stratum in Santiago, Chile

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

E. Spencer ,
M. Araya ,
A. M. Sandino ,
I. Pacheco  and
O. Brunser
E. Spencer
Affiliation:
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Universidad de Chile, Casill 15138, Santiago 11, Chile
M. Araya
Affiliation:
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Universidad de Chile, Casill 15138, Santiago 11, Chile
A. M. Sandino
Affiliation:
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Universidad de Chile, Casill 15138, Santiago 11, Chile
I. Pacheco
Affiliation:
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Universidad de Chile, Casill 15138, Santiago 11, Chile
O. Brunser
Affiliation:
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Universidad de Chile, Casill 15138, Santiago 11, Chile
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Faecal excretion of enteropathogens was studied in newborns in their first week of life. Rotavirus was investigated in 225 neonates, of whom 107 belonged to the low socio-economic stratum (SES) and 118 to the high SES. Half of each group were delivered by caesarean section. Rotavirus was detected in 10 infants (4.4%). Eight of them had been in the same ward and excreted the same viral electrophoretype. Enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 8 out of 57 (14–0%) newborns. Positive cultures were equally distributed by SES and route of delivery. Giardia lamblia was the only parasite detected, in one infant (2–6%) of the high SES. None of the children developed symptoms. Faecal excretion of enteropathogens ended spontaneously within a week in all cases. It is suggested that the lack of symptomatology and the spontaneous termination of the faecal excretion are related to immaturity of the small intestinal mucosa, that does not allow the completion of the steps that must take place during a successful infectious event.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 101 , Issue 2 , October 1988 , pp. 425 - 436
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1988

References

Alvarez, M. L., Wurgaft, F. & Salazar, M. E. (1982). Mediciones de nivel socioeconómico bajo urbano en familias con lactantes desnutridos. Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutriciön 32, 325–331.Google Scholar
Araya, M., Espinoza, J., Figueroa, G., Montesinos, N. & Brunser, O. (1982). ‘Markers’ of contamination in individuals and their environment in different socioeconomic levels. In Proceedings of XX Anual Meeting of the Latin American Society for Pediatric Research, Lima, Peru.Google Scholar
Bishop, R. F., Hewstone, A. S., Davidson, G. P., Townley, R. R. W., Holmes, I. H. & Ruck, B. J. (1976). An epidemic of diarrhoea in human neonates involving a reovirus–like agent and ‘enteropathogenic’ serotypes of Escherichia coli. Journal of Clinical Pathology 29, 46–49.Google Scholar
Burrows, R. B. A. (1967). A new fixative technique for the diagnosis of intestinal parasites. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 48, 342–346.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butzler, J. P. & Skirrow, M. B. (1979). Campylobacter enteritis. Clinical Gastroenterology 8, 737–765.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Champsaur, H., Questiaux, E., Pr´vot, J., Henry–amar, K., Goldszmidt, D., Bourjouane, M. & Bach, C. (1984). Rotavirus carriage, asymptomatic infection and disease in the first two years: virus shedding. Journal of Infectious Diseases 149, 667–674.Google Scholar
Chrystie, I. L., Totterdell, B., Baker, M. J., Scopes, J. W. & Banatvala, J. E. (1975). Rotavirus infection in a maternity unit. Lancet ii, 79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chrystie, I. L., Totterdell, B. M. & Banatvala, J. E. (1978). Asymptomatic endemic rotavirus infection in the newborn. Lancet i, 1176–1178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Figueroa, G., Troncoso, M., Espinoza, J., Araya, M., Bustos, M. E. & Brunser, O. (1984). Carrier rates of bacterial enteropathogens in asymptomatic infants. In Proceedings of XXIII Anual Meeting of the Latin American Society for Pediatric Research. Los Andes, Chile.Google Scholar
Gianella, R. A. (1976). Suckling mouse model for detection of heat–stable Escherichia coli enterotoxin: characteristics of the model. Infection and Immunity 14, 95–99.Google Scholar
Graffar, M. (1957). Etudes d'agglomération en cinq cent families d'une commune de l' agglomération bruxelloise. Brussels, Belgium: Laboratoire de Medicine Sociale, Université Libre de Bruxelles.Google Scholar
Laemmli, U. K. (1970). Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227, 680–685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lebenthal, E. & Lee, P. C. (1983). Interactions and determinants in the ontogeny of the gastrointestinal tract: a unified concept. Pediatric, Research 17, 19–24.Google Scholar
Madeley, C. R., Cosgrove, B. P. & Bell, E. J. (1978). Stool viruses in babies in Glasgow. 2. Investigation into normal babies in hospital. Journal of Hygiene 81, 285–294.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martin, W. J. & WashingtonII, J.A. (1980). Enterobacteriaceae. In Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 3rd edition (ed. Lennette, E. H.), pp. 195–219. Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology.Google Scholar
Mata, L. (1983). Epidemiology of acute diarrhoea in childhood. In Acute Diarrhoea: Its Nutritional Consequences in Children, (ed. Bellanti, J. A.), pp. 3–22. New York: Nestlé. Vevey Raven Press.Google Scholar
Mathews, D. M. (1983). Nutritional adaptation of the gastrointestinal tract of the newborn. In Nestl´ Nutrition Workshop Series, Vol. 3, (ed. Katchmer, N. & Minkowski, A.), pp. 3–91. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Neter, E. & Braun, O. H. (1981). Microbial colonization of the newborn. In Texbook of Gastroenterology and Nutrition in infants (ed. Lebenthal, E.), pp. 239–246. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Reiter, B. (1984). Role of nonantibody proteins in milk in the protection of the newborn. In Human Milk Banking (ed. Williams, A. F., Baun, J. D.), pp. 29–53. New York: Nestl´ Nutrition, Vevey Raven Press.Google Scholar
Ristaino, P., Levine, M. M. & Young, C. (1983). Improved GM, enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Escherichia coli heat–labile enterotoxin. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 18, 808–815.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sereny, B. (1955). Experimental shigella ketaroconjuntivitis. A preliminary report. Acta Microbiologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaria 2, 293–296.Google Scholar
Silverstein, A. M. (1977). Ontogeny of the immune response: a perspective. In Development of Host Defenses, (ed. Cooper, M. D. & Dayton, D. H.), pp. 1–10. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Solomon, N. W. (1982). Giardiasis: nutritional implications. Review of Infectious Diseases 4, 859–869.Google Scholar
Spencer, E., Avendaño, F. & Garcia, B. (1983). Analysis of human rotavirus mixed electropherotypes. Infection and Immunity 39, 569–574.Google Scholar