Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T01:36:15.206Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Antigens recognized by the human immune response to severe leptospirosis in Barbados

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

A. J. Chapman ,
C. O. R. Everard ,
S. Faine  and
B. Adler
A. J. Chapman
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, 3168, Victoria, Australia
C. O. R. Everard
Affiliation:
MRC/Barbados Govt, Leptospira Laboratory, Enmore 2, Lower Collymore Rock, St Michael, Barbados
S. Faine
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, 3168, Victoria, Australia
B. Adler*
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, 3168, Victoria, Australia
*
*Dr B. Adler, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, 3168, Victoria, Australia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Serum samples obtained from patients hospitalized in Barbados with severe leptospirosis were tested by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT), enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and immunoblotting with leptospires that had been isolated from these patients. While serum samples taken a few days after onset of symptoms often showed no apparent correlation between MAT and EIA, later sequential serum samples produced similar profiles in both tests during the course of infection. Immunoblotting sonicate from Leptospira interrogans serovars arborea, copenhageni and bim with patients' sera, revealed reactions with a number of bands that corresponded with outer envelope components. These components included lipopolysaccharide (LPS), flagella and other outer membrane proteins, in addition to a low-molecular-weight (MW) carbohydrate cross-reactive with members of the Leptospiraceae. IgM antibodies elicited in the first to second week after infection reacted mainly with LPS and the low-MW cross-reactive carbohydrate. Comparative analysis of isolates of the same serovar by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting showed that while two serovar arborea isolates were identical, serovar bim isolates differed significantly from each other. This difference was also observed in comparative MAT testing.

Type
Research Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 107 , Issue 1 , August 1991 , pp. 143 - 155
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

References

REFERENCES

1.Adler, B, Faine, S. Epidemiology of human leptospirosis in Australia. Communicable Diseases Intelligence. (Australian Department of Health). 1980; 80/21: 2–5.Google Scholar
2.Blackmore, DJ, Schollum, LM. Risks of contracting leptospirosis on the dairy farm. NZ Med J 1982; 95: 649–53.Google ScholarPubMed
3.Everard, COR, Edwards, CN, Webb, GB, White, HS, Nicholson, GD. The prevalence of severe leptospirosis among humans on Barbados. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1984; 78: 596–603.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.Everard, COR, Webb, GB, Hope, E, Hayes, R, Edwards, CN. Leptospiral infection in school children from Trinidad and Barbados. Epidem Infect 1989; 103: 143–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Faine, S. (ed.) Guidelines for the control of leptospirosis. World Health Organisation. Offset Publication No 67. 1982 Geneva.Google Scholar
6.Shenberg, E, Torten, M. A new leptospiral vaccine I. Development of a vaccine from leptospires grown in a chemically medium. J Infect Dis 1973; 128: 642–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Chapman, AJ, Faine, S, Adler, B. Antigens recognised by the human immune response to vaccination with a bivalent hardjo/pomona leptospiral vaccine. FEMS Microbiol Immunol 1990; 64: 111–8.Google Scholar
8.Adler, B, Faine, S. Host immunological mechanisms in the resistance of mice to leptospiral infections. Infect Immun 1977; 17: 67–72.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Chapman, AJ, Adler, B, Faine, S. Antigens recognised by the human immune response to infection with Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. J Med Microbiol 1988; 25: 269–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.Edwards, CN, Nicholson, GD, Hassell, TA, Everard, COR, Callender, J. Leptospirosis in Barbados. A clinical study. West Indies Med J 1990; 39: 27–34.Google ScholarPubMed
11.Jost, BH, Adler, B, Faine, S. Reaction of monoclonal antibodies with species-specific determinants in Leptospira interrogans outer envelope. J Med Microbiol 1988; 27: 51–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Johnson, RC, Walby, J, Henry, RA, Auran, NE. Cultivation of parasitic leptospires: effect of pyruvate. Appl Microbiol 1973; 26: 118–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Jost, BH, Adler, B, Vinh, T, Faine, S. A monoclonal antibody reacting with a determinant on leptospiral lipopolysaccharide protects guinea pigs against leptospirosis. J Med Microbiol 1986; 22: 269–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Adler, B, Murphy, AM, Locarnini, SA, Faine, S. Detection of specific anti-leptospiral immunoglobulins M and G in human serum by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 1980; 11: 452–7.Google Scholar
15.Hitchcock, PJ, Brown, TM. Morphological heterogeneity among Salmonella lipopolysaccharide chemotypes in silver-stained polyacrylamide gels. J Bacteriol 1983; 154: 269–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16.Towbin, H, Staehelin, T, Gordon, J. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 1979; 76: 4350–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17.Turner, LH. Leptospirosis 2. Serology. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1968; 62: 880–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Adler, B, Faine, S. The antibodies involved in the human immune response to leptospiral infection. J Med Microbiol 1978; 11: 387–400.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Alston, JM, Broom, JC. Leptospirosis in man and animals. Edinburgh: Livingstone Ltd, 1958.Google Scholar
20.Nunes-Edwards, PL, Thiermann, AB, Bassford, PJ, Stamm, LV. Identification and characterization of the protein antigens of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. Infect Immun 1985; 48: 492–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Robinson, AJ, Ramadass, P, Lee, A, Marshall, RB. Differentiation of subtypes within Leptospira interrogans serovars hardjo, balcanica and tarassovi, by bacterial restriction endonuclease DNA analysis (BRENDA). J Med Microbiol 1982; 15: 331–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Milner, AR, Jackson, KB, Woodruff, K, Smart, IJ. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determining specific immunoglobulin M in infections caused by Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. J Clin Microbiol 1985; 22: 539–42.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Terpstra, WJ, Ligthart, GS, Schoone, GJ. Serodiagnosis of human leptospirosis by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent-assay (ELISA). Zbltt Bakteriol Hyg Orig A 1980; 247: 400–5.Google Scholar
24.Everard, COR, Bennett, S. Persistence of leptospiral agglutinins in Trinidadian survey subjects. Eur J Epidemiol 1990; 6: 40–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25.Kelson, JS, Adler, B, Chapman, AJ, Faine, S. Identification of leptospiral flagellar antigens by gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. J Med Microbiol 1988; 26: 47–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26.Chapman, AJ, Adler, B, Faine, S. Genus-specific antigens in Leptospira revealed by Immunoblotting. Zbltt Bakteriol Hyg Orig A 1987; 264: 279–93.Google ScholarPubMed
27.Adler, B, Faine, S. A Pomona serogroup-specific, agglutinating antigen in Leptospira, identified by monoclonal antibodies. Pathol 1983; 15: 247–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.Jost, BH, Adler, B, Faine, S. Experimental immunisation of hamsters with lipoplysaccharide antigens of Leptospira interrogans. J Med Microbiol 1989; 29: 115–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
29.Farrelly, HE, Adler, B, Faine, S. Opsonic monoclonal antibodies against lipoplysaccharide antigens of Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo. J Med Microbiol 1987; 23: 1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Faine, S, Adler, B, Ruta, G. A mechanism of immunity to leptospirosis. Aust J Exp Biol Med Sci. 1974; 52: 301–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31.Vinh, T, Adler, B, Faine, S. Glycolipoprotein cytotoxin from Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni. J Med Microbiol 1986; 32: 111–23.Google Scholar