Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T02:31:57.921Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Aeromonas hydrophila in livestock: incidence, biochemical characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2009

S. J. Gray
S. J. Gray
Affiliation:
Public Health Laboratory Service, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF4 4XW
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Faecal samples from 110 horses, 115 pigs, 111 sheep and 123 cows were examined for the presence of Aeromonas hydrophila, which was also sought in the available drinking water.

The overall faecal rate was 11·8%, but significantly more bovine than other samples were found to be positive. There was significant association between the isolation of A. hydrophila from all animal faeces and its presence in drinking water, but this was not found when individual animal groups were analysed separately. An enrichment technique increased the total number of isolates by 77·1 %. Strains of differing origins could not be differentiated by biotyping, although fermentation of sorbitol was associated with bovine isolates. There was a strong positive correlation between positive reactions for V–P, gluconate oxidase and haemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes, tests which had previously been shown to correlate with production of enterotoxin and cytotoxin. Biotypes giving positive reactions for these tests were most frequently isolated from cows, sheep and untreated water, and less frequently from pigs and horses. Most strains of A. hydrophila were resistant to amoxycillin, carbenicillin and cephradine, and sensitive to gentamicin, chloramphenicol and neomycin.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 92 , Issue 3 , June 1984 , pp. 365 - 375
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1984

References

Ampel, N. & Peter, G. (1981). Aeromonas bacteraemia in a burn patient. Lancet ii, 987.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Annapurna, E. & Sanyal, S. C. (1977). Enterotoxicity of Aeromonas hydrophila. Journal of Medical Microbiology 10, 317–323.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bhat, P., Shanthakumari, S. & Rajan, D. (1974). The characterization and significance of Plesiomonas shigelloides and Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from an epidemic of diarrhoea. Indian Journal of Medical Research 62, 1051–1060.Google ScholarPubMed
Burke, Valerie, Robinson, Jennifer, Atkinson, H. M. & Gracey, M. (1982). Biochemical characteristics of enterotoxigenic Aeromonas spp. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 15, 48–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carpenter, K. P. (1961). The relationship of the enterobacterium A. 12 (Sachs) to Shigella boydii 14. Journal of General Microbiology 26, 535–542.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chatterjee, B. D. & Neogy, K. N. (1972). Studies on Aeromonas and Plesiomonas species isolated from cases of choleric diarrhoea. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 60, 520–524.Google Scholar
Cookson, B. D., Houang, E. C. & Lee, J. V. (1981). Clustering of Aeromonas hydrophila septicaemia. Lancet ii, 1232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cumberbatch, N., Gurwith, M. J., Langston, C., Sack, R. B. & Brunton, J. L. (1979). Cytotoxic enterotoxin produced by Aeromonas hydrophila: relationship of toxigenic isolates to diarrhoeal disease. Infection and Immunity 23, 829–837.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dailey, O P., Joseph, S. W., Coolbaugh, J. C., Walker, R. I., Merrell, B. R., Rollins, D. M., Seidler, R. J., Colwell, R. R. & Lissner, C. R. (1981). Association of Aeromonas sobria with human infection. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 13, 769–777.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davis, W. A., Kane, J. G. & Garagsi, V. F. (1978). Human Aeromonas infections: a review of the literature and a case report of endocarditis. Medicine 57, 267–277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dubey, R. S. & Sanyal, S. C. (1979). Characterization and neutralization of Aeromonas hydrophila enterotoxin in the rabbit ileal-loop model. Journal of Medical Microbiology 12, 347–354.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Emerson, H. & Norris, C. (1905). ‘Red-Leg’–an infectious disease of frogs. Journal of Experimental Medicine 7, 32–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Esch, G. W. & Hazen, T. C. (1978). Energy and Environmental Stress in Aquatic Systems. Department of Energy Symposium series number CONF 771114. (ed. Thorpe, J. H. and Gibbons, J. W., National Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia).Google Scholar
Fulghum, D. D., Linton, W. R. & Taplin, D. (1978). Fatal Aeromonas hydrophila infection of the skin. Southern Medical Journal 71, 739–741.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gracey, M., Burke, V., Rockhill, R. C., Suharyono, & Sunoto, (1982). Aeromonas species as enteric pathogens. Lancet, i, 223–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haley, R., Davis, S. P. & Hyde, J. M. (1967). Environmental stress and Aeromonas liquefaciens in American and thread fin shad mortalities. Progressive Fish Culture 29, 193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanson, P. G., Standridge, J., Jarrett, F. & Maki, D. G. (1977). Freshwater wound infection due to Aeromonas hydrophila. Journal of the American Medical Association 238, 1053–1054.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hazen, T. C. (1979). Ecology of Aeromonas hydrophila in a South Carolina reservoir. Microbial Ecology 5, 179–195.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaper, J. B., Lockman, H. & Colwell, R. R. (1981). Aeromonas hydrophila: ecology and toxigenicity of isolates from an estuary. Journal of Applied Bacteriology 50, 359–377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ketover, B. P., Young, L. S. & Armstrong, D. (1973). Septicaemia due to Aeromonas hydrophila: clinical and immunologic aspects. Journal of Infectious Disease 127, 284–290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kovacs, N. (1956). Identification of Pseudomonas pyocyanea by the oxidase reaction. Nature, London. 178, 703.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ljungh, A., Popoff, M. & Wadstrom, T. (1977). Aeromonas hydrophila in acute diarrhoeal disease: detection of enterotoxin and biotyping of strains. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 6, 96–100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ljungh, A., Wretlind, B. & Wadstrom, T. (1978). Evidence for enterotoxin and two cytolytic toxins in human isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila. In Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Toxins: Animal, Plant, and Microbial pp. 947–960. (ed. Rosenberg, P.), New York: Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Ljungh, A., Wretlind, B. & Mollby, R. (1981). Separation and characterization of enterotoxin and two haemolysins from Aeromonas hydrophila. Acta Pathologica et Microbiologica Scandinavica (Section B). 89, 387–397.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marcus, L. C. (1971). Infectious diseases of reptiles. Journal of The American Veterinary Medical Association 159, 1629–1631.Google ScholarPubMed
Mead, A. R. (1969). Aeromonas liquefaciens in the leukodermia syndrome of Achatina fulica. Malacologia 9, 43.Google Scholar
Moulsdale, M. T. (1983). Isolation of Aeromonas from faeces. Lancet i, 351.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Phillips, J. A., Bernhardt, H. E. & Rosenthal, S. G. (1974). Aeromonas hydrophila infections. Pediatrics 53, 110–112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pitarangsi, C., Echeverria, P., Whitmire, R., Tirapat, C., Formal, S., Dammin, G. J. & Tingtalapong, M. (1982). Enteropathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides: prevalence among individuals with and without diarrhoea in Thailand. Infection and Immunity 35, 666–673.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanyal, S. C., Singh, S. J., & Sen, P. C. (1975). Enteropathogenicity of Aeromonas hydrophila and Plesiomonas shigelloides. Journal of Medical Microbiology 8, 195–198.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shaw, C. & Clarke, P. H. (1955). Biochemical classification of Proteus and Providence cultures. Journal of General Microbiology 13, 155–161.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shotts, E. B., Gains, J. L., Martin, C. & Prestwood, A. K. (1972). Aeromonas-induced deaths among fish and reptiles in a eutrophic inland lake. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 161, 603–607.Google Scholar
Shread, P., Donovan, T. J., Lee, J. V. (1981). A survey of the incidence of Aeromonas in human faeces. Society for General Microbiology Quarterly 8, 184.Google Scholar
Trust, T. J. & Chipman, D. C. (1979). Clinical involvement of Aeromonas hydrophila. Canadian Medical Association Journal 120, 942–947.Google ScholarPubMed
Von Graevenitz, A. & Mensch, A. H. (1968). The genus Aeromonas in human bacteriology. Report of 30 cases and review of the literature. New England Journal of Medicine 278, 245–249.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Von Graevenitz, A. & Zinterhofer, L. (1970). The detection of Aeromonas hydrophila in stool specimens. Health Laboratory Science 7, 124–127.Google ScholarPubMed
Von Graevenitz, A. & Bucher, C. (1983). Evaluation of differential and selective media for isolation of Aeromonas and Plesiomonas spp. from human faeces. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 17, 16–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wohlgemuth, K., Pierce, R. L. & Kirkbride, C. A. (1972). Bovine abortion associated with Aeromonas hydrophila. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 160, 1001–1002.Google ScholarPubMed