Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T19:39:57.621Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

PERSPECTIVES FROM THE FIELD: Dilemma of the Conservation Footprint: Land Tenure, Self-Constitution, and Orchestrated Regionalism in the United States

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 April 2013

Fred Burton Samson
Get access

Extract

The conservation footprint is the collection of acreage in national parks, national forests, wildlife refuges, national forests or other lands managed by the federal government. Their purpose is to maintain biological integrity and diversity (Monaghan, 2009). However, the United States (US) has failed to develop an effective policy for the conservation footprint. This policy failure is the result of many factors (Biber, 2009), three of which are land tenure, self-constitution, and orchestrated regionalism. As a result, the very substance of US conservation is eroding.

Type
Points of View
Information
Environmental Practice , Volume 15 , Issue 2 , June 2013 , pp. 169 - 172
Copyright
Copyright © National Association of Environmental Professionals 2013 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Baker, R.A. 1985. The Conservation Congress of Anderson and Aspinall. Journal of Forest History 29(3):104–119.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biber, E. 2009. Too Many Things to Do: How to Deal with the Dysfunction of Multiple-Goal Agencies. Harvard Environmental Law Review 33(1):1–62.Google Scholar
Caldwell, L.K. 1963. Environment: A New Focus for Public Policy? Public Administration Review 23(1):132–139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, C. 1860. History of the Colony and Ancient Dominion of Virginia. J.B. Lippincott, Philadelphia, 765 pp. Available at http://www.gutenberg.org/files/32573/32573-h/32573-h.htm (accessed September 10, 2009).Google Scholar
Carpenter, D.P. 2001. The Forging of Bureaucratic Autonomy. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 472 pp.Google Scholar
Clements, K.A. 1984. Herbert Hoover and Conservation, 1921–33. American Historical Review 89(1):67–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coad, L., Burgess, N.D., Bomhard, B., and Besançon, C.. 2009. Progress towards the Convention on Biodiversity's 2010 and 2012 Targets for Protected Area Coverage. United Nations Environmental Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, England, 33 pp. Available at http://www.unep-wcmc.org/medialibrary/2010/09/28/abfcdaf3/Towardprogress.pdf (accessed May 15, 2012).Google Scholar
Fischman, R.L. 1992. Endangered Species Conservation: What Should We Expect of Federal Agencies? Public Land Law Review 13:1–23. Available at http://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1656&context=facpub (accessed May 1, 2011).Google Scholar
Gore, A.A. Jr. 1993. From Red Tape to Results: Creating a Government That Works Better and Costs Less. Washington DC, Government Printing Office, 180 pp. Available at http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/npr/library/nprrpt/annrpt/redtpe93/index.html (accessed May 1, 2011).Google Scholar
Gorte, R.W. 2008. Proposals to Merge the Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management: Issues and Approaches. Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC, 30 pp. Available at http://www.nationalaglawcenter.org/assets/crs/RL34772.pdf (accessed May 1, 2011).Google Scholar
Gorte, R.W., and Cody, B.A.. 1995. The Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management: History and Analysis of Merger Proposals. Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC, 20 pp. Available at http://cnie.org/NLE/CRSreports/Forests/for-15.cfm (accessed May 1, 2011).Google Scholar
Gorte, R.W., Vincent, C.H., Hansen, L.A., and Rosenblum, M.R.. 2012. Federal Land Ownership: Overview and Data. Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC, 24 pp. Available at http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R42346.pdf (accessed September 29, 2011).Google Scholar
Hansen, M.G. 1985. Management Improvement Initiatives in the Reagan Administration: Round Two. Public Administration Review 45(3):441–446.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heady, F. 1949. The Reports of the Hoover Commission. Review of Politics 11(3):355–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hicks, F.C. 1904. A Topographical Description of Virginia, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and North Carolina. Reprinted from the Original Version of 1778. Burbows Brothers, Cleveland, OH, 137 pp. Available at http://archive.org/stream/atopographicald00kenngoog#page/n159/mode/2up (accessed January 24, 2010).Google Scholar
Industrial Economics. 2012. Draft Economic Analysis of Critical Habitat Designation for the Northern Spotted Owl. Industrial Economics, Incorporated, Cambridge, MA, 235 pp. Available at http://www.fws.gov/oregonfwo/Species/Data/NorthernSpottedOwl/Documents/DraftEconAnalysis.5.29.12.3.pdf (accessed October 12, 2012).Google Scholar
Ise, J. 1920. The United States Forest Policy. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 393 pp.Google Scholar
Leopold, A.S., Cain, S.A., Cottam, C.M., Gabrielson, I.N., and Kimball, T.L.. 1963. Wildlife Management in the National Parks. Transactions of the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference 28:28–45. Available at http://www.nps.gov/history/history/online_books/leopold/leopold.htm (accessed September 4, 2010).Google Scholar
Livezey, K.B. 2009a. Range Expansion of Barred Owls. Part I: Chronology and Distribution. American Midland Naturalist 161(1):49–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Livezey, K.B. 2009b. Range Expansion of Barred Owls. Part II: Facilitating Ecological Changes. American Midland Naturalist 161(2):323–349.Google Scholar
Monaghan, N.J. 2009. Drill, Baby, Drill: The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and America's Energy Reckoning. Notre Dame Journal of Law, Ethics & Public Policy 23(1):623–648.Google Scholar
NatureServe. 2012. Plant/Animal Records. In NatureServe Explorer: An Online Encyclopedia of Life [Web application]. NatureServe, Arlington, VA. Available at http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?searchSciOrCommonName=spotted+owl&x=9&y=3 (accessed September 4, 2010).Google Scholar
Noggle, B. 1957. The Origins of the Teapot Dome Investigation. Mississippi Valley Historical Review 44(2):237–266.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Obama, B.H. 2011. State of the Union: Winning the Future. Whitehouse, Washington, DC. Video plus remarks by the President Obama in his State of Union Address. Available at http://www.whitehouse.gov/state-of-the-union-2011 (accessed June 28, 2011).Google Scholar
Pidwirny, M., Draggan, with S., McGinley, M., and Frankis, M.. 2007. Terrestrial Biome. In The Encyclopedia of Earth, Cleveland, C.J., ed. Environmental Information Coalition, National Council for Science and the Environment, Washington, DC. Available with updates at http://www.eoearth.org/article/Terrestrial_biome#gen5 (accessed January 27, 2012).Google Scholar
Polenberg, R. 1965. Conservation and Reorganization: The Forest Service Lobby, 1937–1938. Agriculture History 39(4):230–239.Google Scholar
Samson, F.B., Knopf, F.L., and Ostlie, W.R.. 2004. Great Plains Ecosystems: Past, Present, and Future. Wildlife Society Bulletin 32(1):6–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seyb, R. 2008. Reform as Affirmation: Jimmy Carter's Executive Branch Reorganization Effort. Presidential Studies Quarterly 31(1):104–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soffar, A.J. 1974. Differing Views on the Gospel of Efficiency: Conservation Controversies between Agriculture and Interior, 1898–1938 (PhD dissertation). Texas Tech University, Lubbock, 417 pp.Google Scholar
Thomas, J.W., Forsman, E.D., Lint, J.B., Meslow, E.C., Noon, B.R., and Verner, J.. 1990. A Conservation Strategy for the Northern Spotted Owl: Interagency Scientific Committee to Address the Conservation of the Northern Spotted Owl. US Forest Service, US Bureau of Land Management, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and US National Park Service, Portland, OR, 427 pp. Available at http://www.fws.gov/arcata/es/birds/NSO/documents/ConservationStrategyForTheNorthernSpottedOw_May1990.pdf (accessed September 4, 2010).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thwaites, R.G., ed. 1889. The Jesuit Relations and Allied Documents: Travels and Explorations of the Jesuit Missionaries in New France, 1610–1791. Imperial Press, Cleveland, OH, 527 pp. Available at http://puffin.creighton.edu/jesuit/relations/relations_59.html (accessed September 12, 2011).Google Scholar
US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). 2011. Revised Recovery Plan for the Northern Spotted Owl (Strix occidentalis caurina). FWS, Portland, OR, 277 pp. Available at http://www.fws.gov/arcata/es/birds/NSO/documents/USFWS2011RevisedRecoveryPlanNorthernSpottedOwl.pdf (accessed September 30, 2011).Google Scholar
US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). 2012a. Experimental Removal of Barred Owls to Benefit Threatened Northern Spotted Owls. FWS, Portland, OR, 434 pp. Available at http://www.fws.gov/oregonfwo/Species/Data/NorthernSpottedOwl/BarredOwl/Documents/DraftEIS.ExpRemoval2.20.12.pdf (accessed September 30, 2012).Google Scholar
US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS). 2012b. Endangered Species Program: First Species Listed as Endangered. FWS, Arlington, VA. Available at http://www.fws.gov/endangered/species/faq-first-species-listed.html (accessed July 15, 2012).Google Scholar
US Public Land Law Review Commission. 1970. One Third of the Nation's Land. A Report to the President and to the Congress. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 342 pp. Available at http://archive.org/details/onethirdofnation3431unit (accessed September 4, 2010).Google Scholar
Vincent, C.H. 2010. Land and Water Conservation Fund: Overview, Funding History, and Issues. Congressional Research Service, Washington, DC, 12 pp. Available at http://crs.ncseonline.org/NLE/CRSreports/10Sep/RL33531.pdf (accessed 15 July, 2012).Google Scholar
White, J. 2002. Early Accounts of the Ecology of the Vermilion River Area. 2002. Department of Natural Resources, Springfield, IL, 164 pp. Available at http://dnr.state.il.us/publications/pdf/00000473.pdf (accessed January 24, 2010).Google Scholar
Wilkerson, C.F. 1992. Crossing the Next Meridian: Land, Water, and the Future of the West. Island Press, Covelo, CA, 389 pp.Google Scholar
Williams, G.W. 2007. The Forest Service: Fighting for Public Lands. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT, 459 pp.Google Scholar
Wood, M.C. 2009. Advancing the Sovereign Trust of Government to Safeguard the Environment for Present and Future Generations (Part I): Ecological Realism and the Need for a Paradigm Shift. Environmental Law 39(1):1–42.Google Scholar