A good portion of the effort and funding going into Great Lakes restoration targets the removal via dredging of contaminated sediments from the designated areas of concern (AOCs). In fact, contaminated sediments are the underlying cause of several Beneficial Use Impairments that keep the AOCs from being delisted and restoration success claimed. A common contaminant in the Great Lakes AOCs, as elsewhere throughout the United States (US), is a class of persistent and bioaccumulating compounds called polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). There have been 15 sediment projects conducted to date under the Great Lakes Legacy Act program (Tuchman, 2013), and 11 have involved PCB-contaminated sediment. Contaminated sediment is also being removed from the Great Lakes through other programs such as the Superfund; to date, the Lower Fox River Superfund Remedial Action is the largest sediment removal project in the nation, with approximately 2.5 million cubic yards (1.9 million cubic meters) removed through 2012 and the planned removal of another 1.5 million cubic yards (1.2 million cubic meters).