Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-dh8gc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-06T13:02:12.088Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS AND CASE STUDIES: Participatory Watershed Management: A Case Study from Maritime Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 April 2012

Nicholas Guehlstorf  and
Lars K. Hallstrom
Nicholas Guehlstorf*
Affiliation:
PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Environmental Sciences Program, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, Illinois
Lars K. Hallstrom
Affiliation:
PhD, Director, Alberta Centre for Sustainable Rural Communities, Associate Professor of Political Studies/Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology, Department of Social Sciences (Augustana Faculty) and Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
*
Nicholas Guehlstorf, Department of Political Science, Environmental Sciences Program, Southern Illinois University–Edwardsville, 3233 Peck Hall, Box 1453, Edwardsville, IL 62026; (phone) 618-650-3852; (fax) 618-650-3509; (e-mail) [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

Canada has seen some community approaches to watershed management similar to network governance, citizen advisory boards, and participatory action mechanisms. These collaborative approaches are highlighted in scholarship, but are limited by context as implementation is not utilized well beyond local situations. The successes of Nova Scotia wetlands are generalizable, as they provide applicable knowledge about natural resource governance with limited federal guidelines, numerous exclusionary authorities, and new regional development tactics that are beneficial for many. In practice, this case study specifically explains the role of earnest, local, and inclusive participation that is well coordinated with multiple civic agencies.

Environmental Practice 14:143–153 (2012)

Type
Features
Information
Environmental Practice , Volume 14 , Issue 2 , June 2012 , pp. 143 - 153
Copyright
Copyright © National Association of Environmental Professionals 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alberta Water Council. 2008. Water for Life: Recommendations for Renewal. Centre for Sustainable Communities, Alberta Water Council, Edmonton, Canada. http://www.acapcb.ns.ca/.Google Scholar
Atkinson, S. 2002. Political Cultures, Health Systems and Health Policy. Social Science & Medicine 55(1):113–124.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Atlantic Planners Institute. 2000. Water Resource Management Issues for Nova Scotia. Atlantic Planners Institute, Fredericton, Canada. http://www.atlanticplanners.org/About/Pen/april2000/water_ns2.htm.Google Scholar
Austen, E., and Hanson, A.. 2007. An Analysis of Wetland Policy in Atlantic Canada. Canadian Water Resources Journal 32(3):164–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Austen, E., and Hanson, A.. 2008. Identifying Wetland Compensation Principles and Mechanisms for Atlantic Canada Using a Delphi Approach. Wetlands 28(3):640–655.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brandes, O.M. 2006. Watershed Governance Concept Backgrounder. POLIS Project on Ecological Governance, University of Victoria, Victoria, Canada, 4 pp. Available at http://poliswaterproject.org/sites/default/files/wg_concept_backgrounder.pdf.Google Scholar
Brooks, S., and Miljan, L.. 2003. Public Policy in Canada: An Introduction, 4th edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 312 pp.Google Scholar
Connolly, K.M., Johnson, S.M., and Williams, D.R.. 2005. Wetlands Law and Policy: Understanding Section 404. Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources, American Bar Association, Chicago, 522 pp.Google Scholar
Conrad, C. 2006a. The Community-Based Environmental Monitoring Network. Living Knowledge: International Journal of Community-Based Research 7:5–7. Available at http://www.livingknowledge.org/livingknowledge/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Lk7-Dec06.pdf.Google Scholar
Conrad, C. 2006b. Towards Meaningful Community-Based Environmental Monitoring Initiatives in Nova Scotia: Where We Are Versus Where We Would Like to Be. Environments 34(1):25–36.Google Scholar
Conrad, C. 2007a. Community-Based Monitoring and the Science of Water Quality. In Water Quality and Sediment Behaviour of the Future: Predictions for the 21st Century, Webb, B.W. and de Boer, D.H., eds. International Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS) Publication 314. IAHS, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, UK, 217–228.Google Scholar
Conrad, C. 2007b. Environmental Education within the Stewardship Community: The Community-Based Environmental Monitoring Network. In Academic Conference Proceedings of “Salt of the Earth: Creating a Culture of Environmental Respect and Sustainability,” White Point, Canada, October 18–22, 2006, Warner, A. and Elshof, L., eds. Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada, 42–48. Available at http://cjee.lakeheadu.ca/public/journals/22/salt_of_the_earth.pdf.Google Scholar
Conrad, C., and Daoust, T.. 2008. Community-Based Monitoring Frameworks: Increasing the Effectiveness of Environmental Stewardship. Environmental Management 41(3):358–366.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
DeBarry, P.A. 2004. Watersheds: Processes, Assessment, and Management. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 720 pp.Google Scholar
Dryzek, J.S. 2006. Deliberative Global Politics: Discourse and Democracy in a Divided World. Key Concepts Series. Polity Press, Cambridge, UK, 191 pp.Google Scholar
Folke, C., Hahn, T., Olsson, P., and Norberg, J.. 2005. Adaptive Governance of Social-Ecological Systems. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 30:441–473.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Government of Canada. 1991. The Federal Policy on Wetland Conservation. Environment Canada. Ottawa, Ontario.Google Scholar
Government of Nova Scotia. 1994–95. Environment Act, c. 1, s. 1: An Act to Reform the Environmental Laws of the Province and to Encourage and Promote the Protection, Enhancement and Prudent Use of the Environment (amended in 2004 and 2006). Government of Nova Scotia, Halifax. Available at http://nslegislature.ca/legc/statutes/envromnt.htm.Google Scholar
Halseth, G., and Booth, A.. 2003. What Works Well; What Needs Improvement: Lessons in Public Consultation from British Columbia's Resource Planning Processes. Local Environment 8(4):437–456.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, C., Furlong, K., Bakker, K., and Cohen, A.. 2006. Emerging Issues in Water Governance and Legislation in the Canadian Provinces and Territories. Paper presented at the Canadian Water and Wastewater Association Annual Conference, Toronto, Canada, June 4–7, 2006. http://www.watergovernance.ca/PDF/CWRA.pdf.Google Scholar
Irvin, R.A., and Stansbury, J.. 2004. Citizen Participation in Decision Making: Is It Worth the Effort? Public Administration Review 64(1):55–65. Available at http://graduateinstitute.ch/webdav/site/developpement/shared/developpement/mdev/soutienauxcours0809/Gironde%20Pauvrete/IrvinParticip.pdf.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karkkainen, B.C. 2004. Post-sovereign Environmental Governance. Global Environmental Politics 4(1):72–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kickbusch, I. 2008. Healthy Societies: Addressing 21st Century Health Challenges. Department of the Premier and Cabinet, Adelaide, Australia, 60 pp. Available at http://www.thinkers.sa.gov.au/lib/pdf/Kickbusch_Final_Report.pdf.Google Scholar
Labonte, R., Feather, J., and Hills, M.. 1999. A Story/Dialogue Method for Health Promotion Knowledge Development and Evaluation. Health Education Research 14(1):39–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langille, L, Munro, I., Romanow, P., Lyons, R., and Bull, A.. 2008. Building Collaborative Capacity for Research and Influencing Policy: The Rural Communities Influencing Public Policy Project. Journal of Rural and Community Development 3(3):23–55.Google Scholar
Leach, W.D., and Pelkey, N.. 2001. Making Watershed Partnerships Work: A Review of the Empirical Literature. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 127(6):378–386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, C. 2005. How Much Democracy Is Not Enough? Comparing Governance and Participation in Public–Private Partnership Regimes. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, August 12, 2005. Available at http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p23003_index.html.Google Scholar
Lee, S., and Roth, W.-M.. 2006. Community-Level Controversy over a Natural Resource: Toward a More Democratic Science in Society. Society & Natural Resources 19(5):429–445.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lovecraft, A.L. 2004. Interlocal Rules and Democracy in the Administration of Cross-Border Policy Communities. Administrative Theory & Praxis 26(3):383–407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lovecraft, A.L. 2007. Transnational Environmental Management: U.S.–Canadian Institutions at the Interlocal Scale. American Review of Canadian Studies 37(2):218–245.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mayeres, I., and Van Regemorter, D.. 2008. Modeling the Health Related Benefits of Environmental Policies and Their Feedback Effects: A CGE Analysis for the EU Countries with GEM-E3. Energy Journal 29(1):135–150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McIlveen, K., and Bradshaw, B.. 2009. Community Forestry in British Columbia, Canada: The Role of Local Community Support and Participation. Local Environment 14(2):193–205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources (NSDNR). 2007. Nova Scotia Wetland Inventory. NSDNR, Halifax, Canada. http://www.gov.ns.ca/natr/wildlife/habitats/wetlands.asp.Google Scholar
Nova Scotia–Environment. 2009, July. Nova Scotia Wetland Conservation Policy (Draft for Consultation). Nova Scotia Environmental Network, Halifax, Canada, 17 pp.Google Scholar
Parent, M. 2007. Bill No. 146: Environmental Goals and Sustainable Prosperity Act. Office of the Legislative Counsel, Nova Scotia House of Assembly, Halifax, Canada. Available at http://nslegislature.ca/legc/bills/60th_1st/3rd_read/b146.htm.Google Scholar
Parkes, M.W. 2003. The Taieri Catchment and Community Health Survey. Geography and Health Research Report Series. Department of Geography, University of Otago and Public Health South, Dunedin, New Zealand, 58 pp.Google Scholar
Parkes, M.W., and Horwitz, P.. 2009. Water, Ecology and Health: Exploring Ecosystems as a “Settings” for Promoting Health and Sustainability. Health Promotion International 24(1):94–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkes, M.W., Morrison, K.E., Bunch, M.J., Hallström, L.K., Neudoerffer, R.C., Venema, H.D., and Waltner-Toews, D.. 2010. Towards Integrated Governance for Water, Health and Social–Ecological Systems: The Watershed Governance Prism. Global Environmental Change: Human and Policy Dimensions 20(4):693–704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parkes, M.W., Morrison, K.E., Bunch, M.J., and Venema, H.D.. 2008. EcoHealth and Watersheds: Ecosystem Approaches to Re-integrate Water Resource Management with Health and Well-being. International Institute for Sustainable Development, Winnipeg, Canada, 70 pp. Available at http://www.iisd.org/pdf/2008/ecohealth_watersheds.pdf.Google Scholar
Parkes, M.W., Panelli, R., and Weinstein, P.. 2003. Converging Paradigms for Environmental Health Theory and Practice. Environmental Health Perspectives 111(5):669–675.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Parkins, J.R., and Mitchell, R.E.. 2005. Public Participation as a Public Debate: A Deliberative Turn in Natural Resource Management. Society & Natural Resources 18(6):529–540.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reed, M.G., and McIlveen, K.. 2007. Other Voices from the Neighborhood: Reconsidering Success in Community Forestry—A Response to Bradshaw's Commentary Paper: On Definitions of “Success” and Contingencies Affecting Success in Community Forestry. Society & Natural Resources 20(8):755–758.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubec, C.D.A., and Hanson, A.. 2009. Wetland Mitigation and Compensation: Canadian Experience. Wetlands Ecology Management 17(1):3–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sabatier, P.A., Focht, W., Lubell, M., Trachtenberg, Z., Vedlitz, A., and Matlock, M.. 2005. Collaborative Approaches to Watershed Management. In Swimming Upstream: Collaborative Approaches to Watershed Management, Sabatier, P.A., Focht, W., Lubell, M., Trachtenberg, Z., Vedlitz, A. and Matlock, M., eds. MIT Press, Boston, 3–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samuelson, C.D., Vedlitz, A., Whitten, G.D., Matlock, M., Alston, L.T., Peterson, T.R., and Gilbertz, S.J.. 2005. Citizen Participation and Representation in Collaborative Engagement Processes. In Swimming Upstream: Collaborative Approaches to Watershed Management, Sabatier, P.A., Focht, W., Lubell, M., Trachtenberg, Z., Vedlitz, A. and Matlock, M., eds. MIT Press, Boston, 137–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sankowski, T.P., Schmitt, K.L., Guinn, S.J., Stewart, G.R., and Burns, R.B.. 1987. The Kitsim Complex, an Example of a Small Wetland Development Benefiting Waterfowl and Cattle Production. In Proceedings, Symposium '87: Wetlands/Peatlands, Edmonton, Canada, August 23–27, 1987, Rubec, C.D.A. and Overend, R.P., eds. Environment Canada, Edmonton, 189–193.Google Scholar
Schusler, T.M., Decker, D.J., and Pfeffer, M.J.. 2003. Social Learning for Collaborative Natural Resources Management. Society & Natural Resources 16(4):309–327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharpe, A., and Conrad, C.. 2006. Community-Based Ecological Monitoring in Nova Scotia: Challenges and Opportunities. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 113(1-3):395–409.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shrubsole, D., Walters, D., Schulte-Hostedde, B., and Powell, C.. 2007. Wetland Management: An Analysis of Past Practice and Recent Policy Changes in Ontario. Journal of Environmental Management 82(1):83–94.Google Scholar
Vaughan, J.G. 1976. Groundwater Survey for Three Brooks, Pictou County, Nova Scotia. Province of Nava Scotia, Department of the Environment, Water Planning and Management Division, Halifax, Canada, 52 pp. Available at http://www.gov.ns.ca/nse/groundwater/docs/GroundwaterResourceReport_Pictou1.pdf.Google Scholar
Wilson, S.J. 2000. The GPI Water Quality Accounts: Nova Scotia's Water Resources Values and the Damage Costs of Declining Water Resources and Water Quality. Measuring Sustainable Development: Application of the Genuine Progress Index to Nova Scotia. GPI Atlantic, Glen Haven, Canada, 178 pp. Available at http://www.gpiatlantic.org/pdf/water/waterquality.pdf.Google Scholar