Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T13:36:14.421Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Lead, Zinc, and Manganese, in Dredge-spoil Pond Ecosystems

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 August 2009

Jeffrey E. Drifmeyer  and
William E. Odum
Jeffrey E. Drifmeyer
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, U.S.A.
William E. Odum
Affiliation:
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, U.S.A.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Pb, Zn, and Mn, levels in sediment and common estuarine plants and animals colonizing dredge-spoil disposal areas were compared with levels occurring in the same materials from a natural salt-marsh. Finegrained dredge-spoil had considerabily higher levels of all three metals than did natural salt-marsh sediment, and large differences in the metals content of the spoil were observed, depending on sediment type.

Pb levels in the Grass Shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio), Mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus), Common Reed (Phragmites communis), Saltmarsh Cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora), and Saltmeadow Hay (Spartina patens), from dredge-spoil areas, were significantly higher at the 0.01 confidence level than in these species from the natural salt-marsh. Zn concentrations were significantly higher at this confidence level in the three plant species growing in dredge-spoil compared with those from the natural marsh. Mn content in Grass Shrimp from ponds in dredge-spoil disposal areas was significantly higher (0.05 confidence level) than in those from the natural marsh. Thus, dredge-spoil containing heavy metals, even though disposed of in specially designed diked containment areas, may act as a source of certain heavy metals that are potentially toxic to the biota.

Data on the transfer of Pb and Mn in simple foodchains of the dredge-spoil pond ecosystem are presented and discussed in relation to feeding behaviour. Decreasing concentrations with increasing tropic level were observed for Pb and Mn, but no consistent pattern was noted with Zn.

Type
Main Papers
Information
Environmental Conservation , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , Spring 1975 , pp. 39 - 45
Copyright
Copyright © Foundation for Environmental Conservation 1975

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, J. (1972). Wet digestion versus dry ashing for the analysis of fish tissue for trace metals. Atomic Absorption Newsletter, 11(4), pp. 88–9.Google Scholar
Baptist, J. P. & Lewis, C. W. (1969). Transfer of 65Zn and 65 Cr Through an Estuarine Food-chain. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries, Beaufort, North Carolina: (copy borrowed).Google Scholar
Baumhardt, G. R. & Welch, L. F. (1972). Lead uptake and corn growth with soil-applied Pb. J. of Environmental Quality, 1(1), pp. 92–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bella, D. A. & Mccauley, J. E. (1971). Environmental considerations for estuarine dredging operations. Pp. 457–82 in World Dredging Conference, Proc., Vol. IV.Google Scholar
Bhate, U. (1972). Distribution of Trace Metals in Salt-marsh Sediments. M.S. thesis, Georgia Inst. of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia: 83 pp., illustr. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Broad, A. C. (1957). The relationship between the diet and larval development of Palaemonetes. Biol. Bull. Mar. Biol. Lab. Woods Hole, 112, pp. 162–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Broome, S. W., Woodhouse, W. W. & Seneca, E. D. (1973). An investigation of propagation and the mineral nutrition of Spartina alterniflora. Sea Grant Publ., UNC-SG-73–14, iv+121 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Bryan, G. W. (1968). Concentration of Zn and Cu in the tissues of decapod crustaceans. J. Marine Biol. Assoc. U.K., 48, pp. 303–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carmody, D. J., Pearce, J. B. & Yasso, W. E. (1973). Trace metals in sediments of New York Bight. Mar. Poll. Bull., 4(9), pp. 32–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, C. (1967). Channelization and spoiling in Gulf Coast and South Atlantic estuaries. Pp. 93–106 in Proceedings of the Marsh and Estuary Management Symposium (Ed. Newson, J. C.). Baton Rouge, Louisiana: 250 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Cross, F. A., Hardy, L. H. & Jones, N. Y. (1973). Distribution of Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu among 36 species of adult fish from coastal waters of North Carolina. Pp. 25–37 in Annual Report of the Atlantic Estuarine Fish. Center, Beaufort, North Carolina: 257 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Doudoroff, P. & Katz, M. (1953). Critical review of literature on the toxicity of industrial wastes and their components to fish, II. The metal as salts. Sewage and Industrial Wastes, 25(7), pp. 802–39.Google Scholar
Drifmeyer, J. E. (1974). Pb, Zn, and Mn in Dredge-spoil and Estuarine Organisms. M.S. thesis, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia: 84 pp., illustr. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Duke, T. W., Willis, J. N. & Price, T. J. (1966). Cycling of trace elements in the estuarine environment, I. Movement and distribution of 65Zn and stable zinc in experimental ponds. Chesapeake Science, 7(1), pp. 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisler, R. (1967). Acute toxicity to the Killifish Fundulus heteroclitus. Cheasapeake Science, 8(4), pp. 262–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eisler, R. & Laroche, G. (1972). Elemental composition of the estuarine teleost Fundulus heteroclitus. J. Exper. Mar. Biol. Ecol, 9, pp. 29–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frazier, J. M. (1972). Current status of knowledge of the biological effects of heavy metals in the Chesapeake Bay. Chesapeake Science, 13 (Supplement), pp. S149–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gold, B. (1971). The Agricultural Potential of Dredged River Sediment. Ph.D. dissertation, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey: (copy borrowed).Google Scholar
Holmes, C. W., Slade, E. A. & Mclerran, C.J. (1974). Migration and redistribution of Zn and Cd in marine estuarine systems. Environ. Sci. and Tech., 8(3), pp. 255–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
International Decade of Oceanographic Exploration (as IDOE) (1972). Baseline Studies of Pollutants in the Marine Environment and Research Recommendations. Baseline Conference, Deliberations of 24–26 May 1972, pp. 1–9.Google Scholar
Lowman, F. G., Phelps, D. K., Mcclin, R., VEGA, , de, V. Roman, Padovani, I. Olivier de &Garcia, R. J. (1966). Interaction of the environmental and biological factors in the distribution of trace elements in the marine environment. Pp. 249–66 in Disposal of Radioactive Wastes into Seas, Oceans, and Surface Waters, Intl Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria: 898 pp.Google Scholar
Nixon, S. W. & Oviatt, C. A. (1973). Ecology of a New England salt-marsh. Ecol. Monogr., 43, pp. 463–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odum, W. E. (1970). Insidious alteration of the estuarine environment. Trans, of the American Fisheries Soc, 99(4), pp. 836–47.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Odum, W. E. & Heald, E. J. (1972). Trophic analyses of an estuarine mangrove community. Bull. Marine Sci., 22(3), pp. 671–738.Google Scholar
Odum, W. E. & Heald, E. J. (1973). The Detritus-based Foodweb of an Estuarine Mangrove Community. Paper presented to Estuarine Research Federation, 16–18 October 1973, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina: 10 pp., illustr. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Phelps, D. K. (1967). Partioning of the stable elements Fe, Sn, Sc, and Sm within a benthic community, Anasco Bay, Puerto Rico. Pp. 721–34 in Radioecological Concentration Processes (Ed. Aberg, B. & Hungate, F. P.). Pergamon Press, New York: (copy borrowed).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pomeroy, L. R., Johannes, R. E., Odum, E. P. & Roffman, B. (1967). The phosphorous and zinc cycles and productivity of a salt-marsh. Pp. 412–9 in Symposium on Radioecology (Ed. Nelson, D. J. & Evans, F. C.). U.S.A.E.C. Conf. 670503, iii + 774 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Robblee, M. B. (1973). Community Structure and Production in a Marsh on the Southern Branch of the Elizabeth River, Virginia. M.S. thesis, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia: 85 pp., illustr. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Schmelz, G. (1964). A natural history study of the Mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus. M.S. thesis, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware: (copy borrowed), illustr. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Schmidt, R. A. (1966). Needed–a coastwise comprehensive program for development of estuaries. Amer. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ, 3, pp. 102–9.Google Scholar
Schubel, J. R. (1972). The physical and chemical condition of the Chesapeake Bay. J. Wash. Acad. Sci., 62(2), pp. 56–87.Google Scholar
Shukla, S. S. & Leland, H. V. (1973). Heavy metals: a review of lead. J. Water Poll. Control Fedr., 45(6), pp. 1319–31.Google ScholarPubMed
Skidmore, J. F. (1964). Toxicity of zinc compounds to aquatic animals with special reference to fish. Q. Rev. Biol., 39, pp. 227–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Steel, R. G. D. & Torrie, J. H. (1960). Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw Hill, New York: 481 pp.Google Scholar
Teal, J. & Teal, M. (1969). Life and Death of the Salt Marsh. Audubon/Ballantine Books, New York: 274 pp.Google Scholar
Teal, J. & Valiela, I. (1973). The living filter. Oceanus, 17, pp. 7–10.Google Scholar
Ustach, J. F. (1969). The Decomposition of Spartina alterniflora. M.S. thesis, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, N.C.: 26 pp., illustr. (mimegr.).Google Scholar
Warlen, S. M. (1964). Some Aspects of the Life-history of Cyprinodon variegatus in Southern Delaware. M.S. thesis, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware: (copy borrowed).Google Scholar
Waterways Experiment Station (1972). Disposal of dredge spoil: problem identification and assessment and research program development. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Tech. Rept H-72 (Vicksburg, Mississippi), 121 pp., illustr.Google Scholar
Williams, R. B. & Murdoch, M. B. (1969). The potential importance of Spartina alterniflora in conveying Zb, Mn, and Fe into estuarine food-chains. Pp. 431–9 in 2nd Natl Symp. Radioecology, Ann Arbor, Michigan: (copy borrowed).Google Scholar
Windom, H. L. (1973 a). Water Quality Aspects of Spoil Disposal. Paper presented to Estuarine Research Federation, 16–18 October 1973, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina: (copy borrowed) (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Windom, H. L. (1973 b). Heavy-metal Flux in a Salt-marsh Estuary. Paper presented to Estuarine Research Federation, 16–18 October 1973, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina: (copy borrowed) (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Windom, H. L. & Stickney, R. R. (1971). Research to Determine the Environmental Response to the Deposition of Spoil on Salt-marshes Using Diked and Undiked Techniques. First Annual Progress Report, U.S. Army Engineers Savannah District, Contract DACW 21–71–0020, 273 pp. (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Windom, H. L., Stickney, R., Smith, R., White, D. & Taylor, F. (1973). Arsenic, cadmium, copper, mercury, and zinc in some species of North Atlantic finfish. J. Fisheries Research Bd. Canada, 30, pp. 275–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolfe, D. A. (1973). Modeling the Distribution and Cycling of Metallic Elements in Estuarine Ecosystems. Paper presented to Estuarine Research Federation, 16–18 October 1973, Myrtle Beach, South Carolina: (copy borrowed) (mimeogr.).Google Scholar
Wolfe, D. A. & Rice, T. R. (1972). Cycling of elements in estuaries. Fishery Bull., 70, pp. 959–72.Google Scholar