Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 August 2009
Protests and legal challenges have marked the past seven years of geothermal energy development in Hawaii. Environmentalists seeking to block geothermal development in Hawaiian rain-forests have used legal and civil disobedience tactics to delay development. These are the types of actions which the Hawaii State Legislature sought to avoid when it passed the State's Geothermal Subzone Act in 1983.