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Outsourcing Government: Boston and the Rise of Public–Private Partnerships

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 November 2018

CLAIRE DUNNING
CLAIRE DUNNING*
Affiliation:
Claire Dunning is an assistant professor in the School of Public Policy at the University of Maryland, College Park. She received her Ph.D. in History from Harvard University and was previously a postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University. E-mail: [email protected]
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Type
Krooss Prize Dissertation Summaries
Information
Enterprise & Society , Volume 19 , Issue 4 , December 2018 , pp. 803 - 815
Copyright
Copyright © The Author 2018. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Business History Conference. All rights reserved. 

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References

Bibliography of Works Cited

Allard, Scott W. Out of Reach: Place, Poverty and the New American Welfare State. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Balogh, Brian. The Associational State: American Governance in the Twentieth Century. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckert, Sven, and Desan, Christine. American Capitalism: New Histories. New York: Columbia University Press, 2018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cazenave, Noel A. Impossible Democracy: The Unlikely Success of the War on Poverty Community Action Programs. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Connolly, N. D. B. A World More Concrete: Real Estate and the Remaking of Jim Crow South Florida. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crockett, Karilyn. People Before Highways: Boston Activists, Urban Planners, and a New Movement for City Making. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Derthick, Martha The Influence of Federal Grants: Public Assistance in Massachusetts. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ditmer, John. Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Ferguson, Karen. Top Down: The Ford Foundation, Black Power, and the Reinvention of Racial Liberalism. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Formisano, Ronald P. Boston Against Busing: Race, Class, and Ethnicity in the 1960s and 1970s. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerstle, Gary. Liberty and Coercion: The Paradox of American Government from the Founding to the Present. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Geismer, Lily. Don’t Blame Us: Suburban Liberals and the Transformation of the Democratic Party. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Goldstein, Brian. The Roots of Urban Renaissance: Gentrification and the Struggle over Harlem. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Grogan, Paul, and Proscio, Tony. Comeback Cities: A Blueprint for Urban Neighborhood Revival. Boulder: Westview Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Hacker, Jacob S. The Divided Welfare State: The Battle Over Public and Private Social Benefits in the United States. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinton, Elizabeth. From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime: The Making of Mass Incarceration in America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Howard, Christopher. The Hidden Welfare State: Tax Expenditures and Social Policy in the United States . Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Hall, Peter Dobkin. Inventing the Nonprofit Sector and Other Essays on Philanthropy, Voluntarism, and Nonprofit Organizations. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Katz, Michael. In the Shadow of the Poorhouse: A Social History of Welfare in America. New York: Basic Books, 1986.Google Scholar
Marwell, Nicole P. Bargaining for Brooklyn: Community Organizations in the Entrepreneurial City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Mettler, Suzanne. The Submerged State: How Invisible Government Policies Undermine American Democracy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyerowitz, Joanne. Not June Cleaver: Women and Gender in Postwar America, 1945–1960. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Morris, Andrew. The Limits of Voluntarism: Charity and Welfare from the New Deal through the Great Society. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
O’Connor, Alice. Poverty Knowledge: Social Science, Social Policy, and the Poor in Twentieth-Century U.S. History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orleck, Annelise. Storming Caesar’s Palace: How Black Mothers Fought Their Own War on Poverty. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Orleck, Annelise, and Gayle Hazirjian, Lisa, eds. The War on Poverty: A New Grassroots History, 1964-1980. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Peirce, Neal R. Corrective Capitalism: The Rise of America’s Community Development Corporations. New York: Ford Foundation, 1987.Google Scholar
Powell, W. W., and Clemens, Elisabeth, eds. Private Action and the Public Good. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Powell, W. W., and Steinberg, Richard, eds. The Nonprofit Sector: A Research Handbook, 2nd ed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Rabig, Julia. The Fixers: Devolution, Development, and Civil Society in Newark, 1960–1990. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reich, Rob, Cordelli, Chiara, and Bernholz, Lucy, eds. Philanthropy in Democratic Societies: History, Institutions, Values. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salamon, Lester. Partners in Public Service: Government-Nonprofit Relations in the Modern Welfare State. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Seligman, Amanda I. Chicago’s Block Clubs: How Neighbors Shape the City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, William B. The Community Economic Development Movement. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2001.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, Steven Rathgeb, and Lipsky, Michael. Nonprofits for Hire: The Welfare State in the Age of Contracting. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Sugrue, Thomas. Sweet Land of Liberty: The Forgotten Struggle for Civil Rights in the North. New York: Random House, 2008.Google Scholar
Tani, Karen. States of Dependency: Welfare, Rights, and American Governance, 1934–1972. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Theoharis, Jeanne, and Woodward, Komozi, eds. Groundwork: Local Black Freedom Movements in America. New York: New York University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Vale, Lawrence. From the Puritans to the Projects: Public Housing and the Public Neighborhood. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Wall, Steven Ott, and Dickie, Lisa A., eds. The Nature of the Nonprofit Sector, 3rd ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Zunz, Olivier. Philanthropy in America: A History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Beckert, Sven. “History of American Capitalism.” In American History Now, edited by Foner, Eric and McGirr, Lisa, 314–335. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Brandtner, Christof, and Dunning., Claire “Nonprofits as Urban Infrastructure.” In The Nonprofit Sector: A Research Handbook, 3rd ed., edited by Powell, W. W. and Bromley, Patricia. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, forthcoming.Google Scholar
Colman, William G. “The Role of the Federal Government in the Design and Administration of Intergovernmental Programs.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 359 (May 1965): 23–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, Tom Adam. “Black Power in Action: The Bedford-Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation, Robert F. Kennedy, and the Politics of the Urban Crisis.” Journal of American History 100 (December 2013): 736–760.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunning, Claire. “Outsourcing Government: Boston and the Rise of Public-Private Partnerships, 1950–2000.” Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 2016.Google Scholar
Hock, Jennifer. “Bulldozers, Busing, and Boycotts: Urban Renewal and the Integrationist Project.” Journal of Urban History 39, no. 3 (May 2013): 433–453.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, Walter A., and Jones., Geoffrey “Business History: Time for Debate.” Business History Review 85 (Spring 2011): 1–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, Jeremy R. “The Privatization of Political Representation.” American Sociological Review 81, no. 6 (2016): 1251–1275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, Jonathan. “From Fiscal Triangle to Passing Through: Rise of the Nonprofit Corporation.” In Corporations and American Democracy, edited by Lamoreaux, Naomi R. and Novak, William J., 213–244. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lipartito, Kenneth. “Reassembling the Economic: New Departures in Historical Materialism.” American Historical Review 121, no. 1 (February 2016): 101–139.Google Scholar
Lynn, Laurence E. Jr. “Social Services and the State: The Public Appropriation of Private Charity.” Social Service Review 76, no. 1 (March 2002): 58–82.Google Scholar
McQuarrie, Michael. “Nonprofits and the Reconstruction of Urban Governance: Housing Production and Community Development in Cleveland, 1975–2005.” In Politics and Partnerships: The Role of Voluntary Associations in America’s Political Past and Present, edited by Clemens, Elisabeth and Guthrie, Douglas, 237–268. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Purnell, Brian. “‘What We Need is Brick and Mortar’: Race, Gender, and Early Leadership of the Bedford-Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation.” In The Business of Black Power, Community Development, Capitalism and Corporate Responsibility in Postwar America, edited by Hill, Lauren Warren and Rabig, Julia, 217–244. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Rabig, Julia. “‘A Fight and a Question:’ Community Development Corporations, Machine Politics and Corporate Philanthropy in the Long Urban Crisis.” In The Business of Black Power, Community Development, Capitalism and Corporate Responsibility in Postwar America, edited by Hill, Lauren Warren and Rabig, Julia, 245–273. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Rockman, Seth. “What Makes the History of Capitalism Newsworthy?” Journal of the Early Republic 34, no. 3 (Fall 2014): 439–466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Theoharis, Jeanne. “‘We Saved the City:’ Black Struggles for Educational Equality in Boston, 1960–1970.” Radical History Review 81 (Fall 2001): 61–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zunz, Olivier. “Why is the History of Philanthropy Not a Part of American History.” In Philanthropy in Democratic Societies: History, Institutions, Values, edited by Reich, Rob, Cordelli, Chiara, and Bernholz, Lucy, 44–63. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Boston Public Library, Boston, MassachusettsGoogle Scholar
Rockefeller Archive Center, Sleepy Hollow, NYGoogle Scholar
Northeastern University Archives & Special Collections, Boston, MAGoogle Scholar
Allard, Scott W. Out of Reach: Place, Poverty and the New American Welfare State. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Balogh, Brian. The Associational State: American Governance in the Twentieth Century. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beckert, Sven, and Desan, Christine. American Capitalism: New Histories. New York: Columbia University Press, 2018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cazenave, Noel A. Impossible Democracy: The Unlikely Success of the War on Poverty Community Action Programs. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2007.Google Scholar
Connolly, N. D. B. A World More Concrete: Real Estate and the Remaking of Jim Crow South Florida. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2014.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crockett, Karilyn. People Before Highways: Boston Activists, Urban Planners, and a New Movement for City Making. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Derthick, Martha The Influence of Federal Grants: Public Assistance in Massachusetts. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ditmer, John. Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Ferguson, Karen. Top Down: The Ford Foundation, Black Power, and the Reinvention of Racial Liberalism. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Formisano, Ronald P. Boston Against Busing: Race, Class, and Ethnicity in the 1960s and 1970s. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerstle, Gary. Liberty and Coercion: The Paradox of American Government from the Founding to the Present. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2015.Google Scholar
Geismer, Lily. Don’t Blame Us: Suburban Liberals and the Transformation of the Democratic Party. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014.Google Scholar
Goldstein, Brian. The Roots of Urban Renaissance: Gentrification and the Struggle over Harlem. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Grogan, Paul, and Proscio, Tony. Comeback Cities: A Blueprint for Urban Neighborhood Revival. Boulder: Westview Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Hacker, Jacob S. The Divided Welfare State: The Battle Over Public and Private Social Benefits in the United States. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hinton, Elizabeth. From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime: The Making of Mass Incarceration in America. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2017.Google Scholar
Howard, Christopher. The Hidden Welfare State: Tax Expenditures and Social Policy in the United States . Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1997.Google Scholar
Hall, Peter Dobkin. Inventing the Nonprofit Sector and Other Essays on Philanthropy, Voluntarism, and Nonprofit Organizations. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1992.Google Scholar
Katz, Michael. In the Shadow of the Poorhouse: A Social History of Welfare in America. New York: Basic Books, 1986.Google Scholar
Marwell, Nicole P. Bargaining for Brooklyn: Community Organizations in the Entrepreneurial City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009.Google Scholar
Mettler, Suzanne. The Submerged State: How Invisible Government Policies Undermine American Democracy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyerowitz, Joanne. Not June Cleaver: Women and Gender in Postwar America, 1945–1960. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994.Google Scholar
Morris, Andrew. The Limits of Voluntarism: Charity and Welfare from the New Deal through the Great Society. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.Google Scholar
O’Connor, Alice. Poverty Knowledge: Social Science, Social Policy, and the Poor in Twentieth-Century U.S. History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orleck, Annelise. Storming Caesar’s Palace: How Black Mothers Fought Their Own War on Poverty. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Orleck, Annelise, and Gayle Hazirjian, Lisa, eds. The War on Poverty: A New Grassroots History, 1964-1980. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Peirce, Neal R. Corrective Capitalism: The Rise of America’s Community Development Corporations. New York: Ford Foundation, 1987.Google Scholar
Powell, W. W., and Clemens, Elisabeth, eds. Private Action and the Public Good. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Powell, W. W., and Steinberg, Richard, eds. The Nonprofit Sector: A Research Handbook, 2nd ed. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2006.Google Scholar
Rabig, Julia. The Fixers: Devolution, Development, and Civil Society in Newark, 1960–1990. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reich, Rob, Cordelli, Chiara, and Bernholz, Lucy, eds. Philanthropy in Democratic Societies: History, Institutions, Values. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salamon, Lester. Partners in Public Service: Government-Nonprofit Relations in the Modern Welfare State. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.Google Scholar
Seligman, Amanda I. Chicago’s Block Clubs: How Neighbors Shape the City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simon, William B. The Community Economic Development Movement. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2001.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, Steven Rathgeb, and Lipsky, Michael. Nonprofits for Hire: The Welfare State in the Age of Contracting. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.Google Scholar
Sugrue, Thomas. Sweet Land of Liberty: The Forgotten Struggle for Civil Rights in the North. New York: Random House, 2008.Google Scholar
Tani, Karen. States of Dependency: Welfare, Rights, and American Governance, 1934–1972. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Theoharis, Jeanne, and Woodward, Komozi, eds. Groundwork: Local Black Freedom Movements in America. New York: New York University Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Vale, Lawrence. From the Puritans to the Projects: Public Housing and the Public Neighborhood. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2000.Google Scholar
Wall, Steven Ott, and Dickie, Lisa A., eds. The Nature of the Nonprofit Sector, 3rd ed. Boulder: Westview Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Zunz, Olivier. Philanthropy in America: A History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Beckert, Sven. “History of American Capitalism.” In American History Now, edited by Foner, Eric and McGirr, Lisa, 314–335. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2011.Google Scholar
Brandtner, Christof, and Dunning., Claire “Nonprofits as Urban Infrastructure.” In The Nonprofit Sector: A Research Handbook, 3rd ed., edited by Powell, W. W. and Bromley, Patricia. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, forthcoming.Google Scholar
Colman, William G. “The Role of the Federal Government in the Design and Administration of Intergovernmental Programs.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 359 (May 1965): 23–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Davies, Tom Adam. “Black Power in Action: The Bedford-Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation, Robert F. Kennedy, and the Politics of the Urban Crisis.” Journal of American History 100 (December 2013): 736–760.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunning, Claire. “Outsourcing Government: Boston and the Rise of Public-Private Partnerships, 1950–2000.” Ph.D. diss., Harvard University, 2016.Google Scholar
Hock, Jennifer. “Bulldozers, Busing, and Boycotts: Urban Renewal and the Integrationist Project.” Journal of Urban History 39, no. 3 (May 2013): 433–453.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, Walter A., and Jones., Geoffrey “Business History: Time for Debate.” Business History Review 85 (Spring 2011): 1–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levine, Jeremy R. “The Privatization of Political Representation.” American Sociological Review 81, no. 6 (2016): 1251–1275.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, Jonathan. “From Fiscal Triangle to Passing Through: Rise of the Nonprofit Corporation.” In Corporations and American Democracy, edited by Lamoreaux, Naomi R. and Novak, William J., 213–244. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lipartito, Kenneth. “Reassembling the Economic: New Departures in Historical Materialism.” American Historical Review 121, no. 1 (February 2016): 101–139.Google Scholar
Lynn, Laurence E. Jr. “Social Services and the State: The Public Appropriation of Private Charity.” Social Service Review 76, no. 1 (March 2002): 58–82.Google Scholar
McQuarrie, Michael. “Nonprofits and the Reconstruction of Urban Governance: Housing Production and Community Development in Cleveland, 1975–2005.” In Politics and Partnerships: The Role of Voluntary Associations in America’s Political Past and Present, edited by Clemens, Elisabeth and Guthrie, Douglas, 237–268. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Purnell, Brian. “‘What We Need is Brick and Mortar’: Race, Gender, and Early Leadership of the Bedford-Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation.” In The Business of Black Power, Community Development, Capitalism and Corporate Responsibility in Postwar America, edited by Hill, Lauren Warren and Rabig, Julia, 217–244. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Rabig, Julia. “‘A Fight and a Question:’ Community Development Corporations, Machine Politics and Corporate Philanthropy in the Long Urban Crisis.” In The Business of Black Power, Community Development, Capitalism and Corporate Responsibility in Postwar America, edited by Hill, Lauren Warren and Rabig, Julia, 245–273. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press, 2012.Google Scholar
Rockman, Seth. “What Makes the History of Capitalism Newsworthy?” Journal of the Early Republic 34, no. 3 (Fall 2014): 439–466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Theoharis, Jeanne. “‘We Saved the City:’ Black Struggles for Educational Equality in Boston, 1960–1970.” Radical History Review 81 (Fall 2001): 61–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zunz, Olivier. “Why is the History of Philanthropy Not a Part of American History.” In Philanthropy in Democratic Societies: History, Institutions, Values, edited by Reich, Rob, Cordelli, Chiara, and Bernholz, Lucy, 44–63. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.Google Scholar
Boston Public Library, Boston, MassachusettsGoogle Scholar
Rockefeller Archive Center, Sleepy Hollow, NYGoogle Scholar
Northeastern University Archives & Special Collections, Boston, MAGoogle Scholar