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Cyclonic Change: How Tracy Shaped Australian Loss Adjusters’ Break from Britain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 October 2020

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Abstract

The professional institutions of loss adjusting in Australasia were shaped by a range of postcolonial developments, including adhesion to the British badge of organizational prestige, the Royal Charter. The aim of this paper is to explore how a single exogenous shock to the institution of loss adjusting in Australia enhanced a sense of national identity, altering the future of those institutions. Our conclusions are based on over sixty interviews with loss adjusters in three countries and the archives of several Australasian loss adjusting institutions dating back to the late 1800s. Archival material included correspondence, meeting minutes, various memorandum, newspaper clippings, membership lists, criteria for barriers to entry, records of lobbying efforts, disciplinary actions, and educational material. Reus-Smit (2002, 2017), Bell (2009), and Rae (2017) have developed the understanding of the role collective cultural and national identities play in institutionalism, whereas Suddaby et al. (2007, 2011) have contributed to the theory of field-level institutional change. Building on the literature of Suddaby et al., this paper appraises how a single historic natural event triggered normative changes impacting the institution of loss adjusting in the region.

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Article
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Enterprise & Society , Volume 23 , Issue 1 , March 2022 , pp. 1 - 32
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© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Business History Conference. All rights reserved

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References

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Frenkel, Stephen. “Geography, Empire, and Environmental Determinism.” Geographical Review 82, no. 2 (1992): 143–153.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerrish, Kate, McManus, Mike, and Ashworth, Peter. “Creating What Sort of Professional? Master’s Level Nurse Education as a Professionalising Strategy.” Nursing Inquiry 10, no. 2 (2003): 103–112.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
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Hoyle, Norman. “Oral History.” Library Trends 21, no. 1 (1972): 60–83.Google Scholar
Keneley, Monica. “The Origins of Formal Collusion in Australian Fire Insurance 1870–1920.” Australian Economic History Review 42, no. 1 (2002): 54–76. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8446.t01-1-00022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, David, and Kennedy, Michael. “The Credentials Controversy: Australia, Ireland and the Commonwealth, 1950–65.” Australasian Journal of Irish Studies Volume 6, (2006/2007): 57–81.Google Scholar
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Morgan, Sally. “Memory and the Merchants: Commemoration and Civic Identity.” International Journal of Heritage Studies 4, no. 2 (1998): 103–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muzio, Daniel, Brock, David, and Suddaby, Roy. “Professions and Institutional Change: Towards an Institutionalist Sociology of the Professions.” Management Studies 50, no. 5 (2013): 699–721.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker, Robert H. “Naming and Branding: Accountants and Accountancy Bodies in the British Empire and Commonwealth, 1853–2003.” Accounting History 10, no. 1 (2005): 7–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paschalidis, Gregory. “Exporting National Culture: Histories of Cultural Institutes Abroad.” International Journal of Cultural Policy 15, no. 3 (2009): 275–289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Payne, Rodger A. “Persuasion, Frames and Norm Construction.” European Journal of International Relations and ECPR 7, no. 1 (2001): 37–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perks, Rob. “The Roots of Oral History: Exploring Contrasting Attitudes to Elite, Corporate, and Business Oral History in Britain and the U.S.” Oral History Review 37, no. 2 (2010): 215–224. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1093/ohr/ohq049.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
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Reus-Smit, Christian. “Cultural Diversity and International Order.” International Organization 71, no. 4 (2017): 851–855.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richardson, Gary. “A Tale of Two Theories: Monopolies and Craft Guilds in Medieval England and Modern Imagination.” Journal of the History of Economic Thought 23, no. 2 (2001): 217–242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosaldo, Renato. “Doing Oral History.” The International Journal of Social and Cultural Practice 4 (1980): 89–99.Google Scholar
Saks, Mike. “A Review of Theories of Professions, Organizations and Society: The Case for Neo-Weberianism, Neo-institutionalism and Eclecticism.” Journal of Professions and Organization 3, no. 2 (2016): 170–187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmidt, Vivien. “Taking Ideas and Discourse Seriously: Explaining Change through Discursive Institutionalism as the Fourth ‘New Institutionalism.’” European Political Science Review 2, no.1 (2010): 1–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seabrooke, Leonard. “Epistemic Arbitrage: Transnational Professional Knowledge in Action.” Journal of Professions and Organization 1, no. 1 (2014): 49–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sibbett, Trevor. "A Calculating Profession: Victorian Actuaries among the Statisticians. By Timothy L. Alborn (Science in Context, 7, 3, 433–468, 1994)." British Actuarial Journal 1, no. 3 (1995): 591–592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, Bruce D., and Stutzer, Michael. "A Theory of Mutual Formation and Moral Hazard with Evidence from the History of the Insurance Industry." The Review of Financial Studies 8, no. 2 (1995): 545–577.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinmo, Sven. “Historical Institutionalism and Experimental Methods.” In Oxford Handbook of Historical Institutionalism, edited by Fieretos, Orfeo, Falleti, Tulia G., and Sheingate, Adam. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016: 107–123.Google Scholar
Suddaby, Roy, Cooper, David J., and Greenwood, Royston. "Transnational Regulation of Professional Services: Governance Dynamics of Field Level Organizational Change." Accounting, Organizations and Society 32, no. 4-5 (2007): 333–362.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suddaby, Roy, and Viale, Thierry. "Professionals and Field-Level Change: Institutional Work and the Professional Project." Current Sociology 59, no. 4 (2011): 423–442.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tolbert, Pamela S., and Zucker, Lynne G.. “Institutional Sources of Change in the Formal Structure of Organizations: Diffusion of Civil Service Reform, 1880–1935.” Administrative Science Quarterly 28, no. 1 (1983): 22–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Warhurst, John. "Nationalism and Republicanism in Australia: The Evolution of Institutions, Citizenship and Symbols.” Politics 28, no. 4 (1993): 100–120.Google Scholar
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