Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T05:14:06.122Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Battling Giants: Spanish Publishing Multinationals in the First Global Economy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2019

MARÍA FERNÁNDEZ-MOYA
MARÍA FERNÁNDEZ-MOYA*
Affiliation:
María Fernández-Moya is an assistant professor at Colegio Universitario de Estudios Financieros (CUNEF). Prior to joining CUNEF, María developed her research career at IESE Business School (Family Business Chair), and she has taught in the Department of Economic History at the University of Barcelona (Spain). Her research examines the analysis of business practices from a long-term perspective, with a focus on family-owned companies, internationalization of Spanish firms, and the publishing sector. Colegio Universitario de Estudios Financieros (CUNEF), Economy and Economic History, Leonardo Prieto Castro, 2, Madrid, 28040. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This study analyzes the variables that influence international competitiveness, both in industrialized and developing countries. Based on rich archival resources, the study explains the intense international competition between European and North American publishers in pursuing Latin American book markets throughout the course of the First Global Economy. The case of Spain provides an opportunity to study the patterns of the internationalization process of a nonleading country and compare them with the strategies developed by German, U.S., French, and British companies. This research sheds light on the importance of social networks and national cultural influences in the internationalization of this singular industry.

Type
Article
Information
Enterprise & Society , Volume 20 , Issue 4 , December 2019 , pp. 1007 - 1043
Copyright
Copyright © The Author 2019. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Business History Conference. All rights reserved. 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliography of Works Cited

Altbach, Philip G., and Hoshino, Edith S., eds. International Book Publishing: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge, 1995.Google Scholar
Boix, Emilio. El libro en la Argentina. Contribución al estudio sobre el libro español en la América española. Madrid: Imp. Ministerio de Estado, 1920.Google Scholar
Briggs, Asa. A History of Longmans and Their Books. London: British Library, 2008.Google Scholar
Buckley, Peter. The Multinational Enterprise and the Emergence of the Global Factory. Houndsmill, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.10.1057/9781137402387CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bulmer-Thomas, Victor. La historia económica de América Latina desde la Independencia. Mexico D.F.: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1998.Google Scholar
Calvo Sotelo, Leopoldo. El libro español en América. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Trabajo, Comercio e Industria, 1927.Google Scholar
Carreras, Albert, and Tafunell, Xavier. Historia económica de la España contemporánea. Barcelona: Crítica, 2004.Google Scholar
Castellano, Philippe. Dos editores de Barcelona por América Latina, Fernando y Santiago Salvat Espasa. Madrid: Iberoamericana-Vervuert, 2010.10.31819/9783964566300CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casson, Mark. The Firm and the Market. Studies on the Multinational Enterprise and the Scope of the Firm. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987.Google Scholar
Casson, Mark, ed. The Growth of International Business. London: Routledge, 2012.Google Scholar
Chandler, Alfred D. Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the American Industrial Enterprise, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1962.Google Scholar
Chandler, Alfred D. Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Chandler, Alfred D., and Mazlish, Bruce. Leviathans: Multinational Corporations and the New Global History. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.10.1017/CBO9780511512025CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Da Silva Lopes, Teresa. Global Brands: The Evolution of Multinationals in. Alcoholic Beverages. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.10.1017/CBO9780511550911CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Diego, José Luis. Editoriales y políticas editoriales en Argentina, 1880–2000. Buenos Aires: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2006.Google Scholar
Dunning, John H. American Investment in British Manufacturing Industry. Fair Lawn, NJ: Essential Books, 1958.Google Scholar
Eliot, Simon, ed. The History of Oxford University Press. Volume II: 1780 to 1896. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eliot, Simon, and Rose, Jonathan, eds. A Companion to the History of the Book. Oxford: Blackwell, 2007.Google Scholar
Gadd, Ian, ed. The History of Oxford University Press. Volume I: Beginnings to 1780. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gili, Gustavo. Bosquejo de una política del libro. Barcelona: Impresora Hispano Americana, 1944.Google Scholar
Goldstein, Andrea. Multinational Companies from Emerging Economies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.10.1057/9780230206335CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greco, Albert N. The Book Publishing Industry. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2005.Google Scholar
James, Elizabeth, ed. Macmillan: A Publishing Tradition. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.Google Scholar
Jones, Geoffrey. Entrepreneurship and Multinationals: Global Business and the Making of the Modern World. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Geoffrey. Multinationals and Global Capitalism: From the Nineteenth to the Twenty-First Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.10.1093/0199272093.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Geoffrey, and Morgan, Nicholas J., eds. Adding Value: Brands and Marketing in Food and Drink. London: Routledge, 1994Google Scholar
Koehn, Nancy F. Brand New: How Entrepreneurs Earned Consumers’ Trust from Wedgwood to Dell . Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Louis, Roger. The History of Oxford University Press. Volume III: 1896 to 1970. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyons, Martyn. Le triomphe du livre. une histoire sociologique de la lectura dans la France du XIXe siècle. Paris: Promodis, 1987.Google Scholar
Lyons, Martyn. Reading Culture and Writing Practices in Nineteenth-Century France. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyons, Martyn. The Writing Culture of Ordinary People in Europe, c. 1860–1920. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Mangada Sanz, Alfonso. Libreros y editores (1920–1960): Joaquín de Oteyza, Biografía de un empresario del libro . Madrid: Paraninfo 1997.Google Scholar
Martínez Rus, Ana. La proyección editorial en Hispanoamérica en el primer tercio del siglo XX. Madrid: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 1998.Google Scholar
Martínez Rus, Ana. La política del libro durante la II República: Socialización de la lectura. Madrid: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 2001.Google Scholar
Morgan, Charles. The House of Macmillan (1843–1943). London: Macmillan, 1944.Google Scholar
Nadal, Jordi. El fracaso de la revolución industrial en España, 1814–1913 . Barcelona: Ariel, 1986.Google Scholar
Overton, Grant Martin. Portrait of a Publisher and the First Hundred Years of the House of Appleton, 1825–1925. New York: Appleton, 1925.Google Scholar
O’Rourke, Kevin. H., and Williamson, Jeffrey G. Globalization and History: The Evolution of a Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Economy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prados de la Escosura, Leandro. De imperio a nación. Crecimiento y atraso económico en España (1780–1930). Madrid: Alianza, 1988.Google Scholar
Prados de la Escosura, Leandro. El progreso económico de España, 1850–2000 . Bilbao: Fundación BBVA, 2003.Google Scholar
Ramamurti, Ravi, and Singh, Jitendra V., eds. Emerging Multinationals from Emerging Markets. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Robbins, Keith, ed. The History of Oxford University Press. Volume IV: 1970 to 2004 . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruiz Berrio, Julio. La editorial Calleja: Un agente de modernización educativa en la Restauración. Madrid: UNED, 2002.Google Scholar
Segreto, Luciano. I Feltrinelli. Storia di una dinastia imprenditoriale (1854–1942). Milan: Feltrinelli Editore, 2011.Google Scholar
Vernon, Raymond. Sovereignty at Bay: The Multinational Spread of US Enterprises. New York: Basic Books, 1971.Google Scholar
Weedon, Alexis. Victorian Publishing: Book Publishing for the Mass Market, 1836–1916. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2003.Google Scholar
Weedon, Alexis. History of the Book in the West. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2010.Google Scholar
Wells, Louis T. Third World Multinationals: The Rise of Foreign Investments from Developing Countries. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1983.Google Scholar
Wilkins, Mira. The Maturing of Multinational Enterprise: American Business Abroad from 1914 to 1970. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkins, Mira. The Emergence of Multinational Enterprise: American Business Abroad from the Colonial Era to 1914. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970.Google Scholar
Berghoff, Harmut. “From Small Publisher to Global Media and Services Company: Outline of the History of Berlesmann, 1985 to 2010.” In 175 Years of bertelsmann. The Legacy for Our future, 6–83. Munich:Bertelsmann, 2010.Google Scholar
Berghoff, Harmut. “Blending Personal and Managerial Capitalism: Bertelsmann’s Rise from Medium-Sized Publisher to Global Media Corporation and Service Provider, 1950–2010.” Business History 55 (2013): 855–874.10.1080/00076791.2012.744584CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berghoff, Harmut. “Becoming Global, Staying Local: The Internationalization of Bertelsmann, 1962–2010.” In Going Global: Internationalization Pathways for Family Firms During the 19th and 20th Century, edited by Fear, Jeffrey R., Pérez, Paloma Fernández, and Lubinski, Christina, 169–191. London:Routledge, 2013.Google Scholar
Bucheli, Marcelo, and Salvaj, Erica. “Adaptation Strategies of Multinational Corporations, State-Owned Enterprises, and Domestic Business Groups to Economic and Political Transitions: A Network Analysis of the Chilean Telecommunications Sector, 1958–2005.” Enterprise & Society 15, no. 3 (September 2014): 534–576.Google Scholar
Buckley, Peter J., Clegg, Jeremy L., Cross, Adam R., Liu, Xin, Voss, Hinrich, and Zheng, Ping. “The Determinants of Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment.” Journal of International Business Studies 38, no. 4 (2007): 499–518.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casson, Mark. “Entrepreneurial Networks in International Business.” Business and Economic History 26 (1997): 811–823.Google Scholar
Castellano, Philippe. “La vocación americanista de Gustau Gili Roig.” In Editorial Gustavo Gili: Una historia, 1902–2012,” edited by Gili, Gustavo, 51–71. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili, 2013.Google Scholar
Castellano, Philippe. “La distribución de los libros en Latinoamérica en vísperas de la Primera Guerra Mundial.” In Prensa, impresos, lectura en el mundo hispánico contemporáneo: homenaje a Jean-François Brotel, edited by Desvois, J. M., 97–108. Bordeaux: Université d’Etudes Iberiques, 2005.Google Scholar
Colli, Andrea, Garcia Canal, Esteban, and Guillen, Mauro. “Family Character and International Entrepreneurship: A Historical Comparison of Italian and Spanish New Multinationals.” Business History 55, no.1 (2013): 119–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cuervo-Cazurra, Álvaro. “The Multinationalization of Developing Country MNEs: The Case of Multilatinas.” Journal of International Management 14, no. 2 (2008): 138–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cuervo-Cazurra, Álvaro, and Genc, Mehmet Erdem. “Transforming Disadvantages into Advantages: Developing Country MNEs in the Least Developed Countries.” Journal of International Business Studies 39 (2008): 957–979.10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400390CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Da Silva Lopes, Teresa. “Brands and the Evolution of Multinationals in Alcoholic Beverages.” Business History 44, no. 3 (2002): 1–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Da Silva Lopes, Teresa, and Casson, Mark. “Brand Protection and the Globalization of British Busines.” Business History Review 86 (2012): 287–310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donzé, Pierre-Yves. “Multinational Enterprises and the Globalization of Medicine: Siemens and the Business of X-Ray Equipment in Non-Western Markets, 1900–1939.” Enterprise & Society 15, no. 4 (December 2014): 820–848.Google Scholar
Fernández- Moya, María. “A Family-Owned Publishing Multinational: The Salvat Company (1869–1988).” Business History 52, no. 3 (2010): 453–470.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernández- Moya, María. “Creating Knowledge Networks. Spanish Multinational Publishers in Mexico.” Business History Review 86 (2013): 69–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guillén, Mauro, and García Canal., Esteban “The American Model of the Multinational Firm and the ‘New’ Multinationals from Emerging Economies.” Academy of Management Perspectives 23 (2009): 23–35.10.5465/amp.2009.39985538CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johanson, Jan, and Vahlne, Jan-Erik. “The Internalization Process of the Firm: A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments.” Journal of International Business Studies 8, no. 1 (1977): 23–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johanson, Jan, and Vahlne, Jan-Erik. “The Uppsala Internationalization Process Model Revisited: From Liability of Foreignness to Liability of Outsidership.” Journal of International Business Studies 40 (2009): 1411–1431.10.1057/jibs.2009.24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johanson, Jan, and Wiedershein, Paul. “The Internationalisation of the Firm: Four Swedish Case Studies.” Journal of Management Studies 12, no. 3 (1975): 305–322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Geoffrey. “Globalization.” In The Oxford Handbook of Business History, edited by Jones, Geoffrey and Zeitlin, Jonathan, 141–169. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
López Sánchez, J. M. “La Junta para la ampliación de estudios y su proyección americanista: la institución cultural española en Buenos Aires.” Revista de Indias 67 (2007): 81–102.Google Scholar
Nadal, Jordi, and Sudrià, Carles. “La controversia en torno al atraso económico español de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX (1860–1913).” Revista de Historia Industrial 21 (1993): 201–25.Google Scholar
Núñez, Clara E. “A Modern Human Capital Stock. Spain in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries.” In Different Paths to Modernity. A Nordic and Spanish Perspective, edited by Jerneck, Magnus, Mörner, Magnus, Tortella, Gabriel, and Akerman, Sune, 122–142. Lund, Sweden: Nordic Academic Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Ossenbach, Gabriela. “Alfabetización y sociedad en la América de habla hispana.” In Leer y escribir en España. Doscientos años de alfabetización, edited by Escolano Benito, A., 213–235. Madrid:Biblioteca del Libro, 1992.Google Scholar
Ossenbach, Gabriela. “El concepto de ‘emancipación espiritual’ en el debate sobre la educación en Hispanoamérica en la primera mitad del siglo XIX.” Revista Brasileira de História da Educaçâo 1 (2001): 143–159.Google Scholar
Ossenbach, Gabriela. “Estado y Educación en América Latina a partir de su independencia (siglos XIX y XX).” Revista Iberoamericana de Educación 1 (1993), https://rieoei.org/historico/oeivirt/rie01a04.htmGoogle Scholar
Puig, Nuria, and Fernández-Moya, María., “Going Global in Fragmented Markets: The European Publishing Industry since the Second Postwar Period.” In Industries and Global Competition: A History of Business Beyond Borders, edited by Bowens, Bram, -YvesDonzé, Pierre, and Kurosawa, Takafumi, 131–152. London: Routledge, 2017.10.4324/9781315563909-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raff, Daniel. “The Book-of-the-Month Club as a New Enterprise.” In The Emergence of Routines, edited by Raff, Daniel M. G. and Scranton, Philip, 22–49. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
RauchJames, E James, E. “Business and Social Networks in International Trade.” Journal of Economic Literature 39, no. 4 (2001): 1177–1203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rueda Laffond, J. C. “La fabricación del libro: La industrialización de las técnicas, máquinas, papel y encuadernación.” In Historia de la edición en España (1836–1936), edited by Martínez Martín, J. A., 73–100. Madrid: Marcial Pons, 2001.Google Scholar
Tortella, Gabriel. “Patterns of Economic Retardation and Recovery in South-Western Europe in The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries.” Economic History Review 47 (1994): 1–21.10.2307/2598218CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tortella, Gabriel, and Nuñez, Clara. E. “La maldición divina: ignorancia y atraso económico en perspectiva histórica.” Revista de Historia Económica/Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 13 (1995): 147–152.Google Scholar
Van Lente, Dick, and De Goey, Ferry. “Trajectories of Internationalization: Knowledge and National Business Styles in the Making of Two Dutch Publishing Multinations, 1950–1990.” Enterprise and Society 9, no. 1 (2007): 165–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vernon, Raymond. “International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 80, no. 2 (1966): 190–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkins, Mira. “The Neglected Intangible Asset: The Influence of the Trade Mark on the Rise of the Modern Corporation.” Business History 34, no. 1 (1992): 66–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkins, Mira. “The History of Multinationals: A 2015 View.” Business History Review 89 (Autumn 2015): 405–414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkins, Mira. “Multinational Enterprises and the Varieties of Capitalism.” Business History Review 84 (2010): 638–645.Google Scholar
Biblioteca Nacional de España, Madrid, SpainGoogle Scholar
General Administration Archive, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, SpainGoogle Scholar
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Madrid, SpainGoogle Scholar
Salvat Archive, Barcelona, SpainGoogle Scholar
Altbach, Philip G., and Hoshino, Edith S., eds. International Book Publishing: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge, 1995.Google Scholar
Boix, Emilio. El libro en la Argentina. Contribución al estudio sobre el libro español en la América española. Madrid: Imp. Ministerio de Estado, 1920.Google Scholar
Briggs, Asa. A History of Longmans and Their Books. London: British Library, 2008.Google Scholar
Buckley, Peter. The Multinational Enterprise and the Emergence of the Global Factory. Houndsmill, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014.10.1057/9781137402387CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bulmer-Thomas, Victor. La historia económica de América Latina desde la Independencia. Mexico D.F.: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1998.Google Scholar
Calvo Sotelo, Leopoldo. El libro español en América. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Trabajo, Comercio e Industria, 1927.Google Scholar
Carreras, Albert, and Tafunell, Xavier. Historia económica de la España contemporánea. Barcelona: Crítica, 2004.Google Scholar
Castellano, Philippe. Dos editores de Barcelona por América Latina, Fernando y Santiago Salvat Espasa. Madrid: Iberoamericana-Vervuert, 2010.10.31819/9783964566300CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casson, Mark. The Firm and the Market. Studies on the Multinational Enterprise and the Scope of the Firm. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987.Google Scholar
Casson, Mark, ed. The Growth of International Business. London: Routledge, 2012.Google Scholar
Chandler, Alfred D. Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the History of the American Industrial Enterprise, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1962.Google Scholar
Chandler, Alfred D. Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1990.Google Scholar
Chandler, Alfred D., and Mazlish, Bruce. Leviathans: Multinational Corporations and the New Global History. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.10.1017/CBO9780511512025CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Da Silva Lopes, Teresa. Global Brands: The Evolution of Multinationals in. Alcoholic Beverages. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.10.1017/CBO9780511550911CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Diego, José Luis. Editoriales y políticas editoriales en Argentina, 1880–2000. Buenos Aires: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2006.Google Scholar
Dunning, John H. American Investment in British Manufacturing Industry. Fair Lawn, NJ: Essential Books, 1958.Google Scholar
Eliot, Simon, ed. The History of Oxford University Press. Volume II: 1780 to 1896. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eliot, Simon, and Rose, Jonathan, eds. A Companion to the History of the Book. Oxford: Blackwell, 2007.Google Scholar
Gadd, Ian, ed. The History of Oxford University Press. Volume I: Beginnings to 1780. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gili, Gustavo. Bosquejo de una política del libro. Barcelona: Impresora Hispano Americana, 1944.Google Scholar
Goldstein, Andrea. Multinational Companies from Emerging Economies. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.10.1057/9780230206335CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greco, Albert N. The Book Publishing Industry. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2005.Google Scholar
James, Elizabeth, ed. Macmillan: A Publishing Tradition. London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.Google Scholar
Jones, Geoffrey. Entrepreneurship and Multinationals: Global Business and the Making of the Modern World. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Geoffrey. Multinationals and Global Capitalism: From the Nineteenth to the Twenty-First Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.10.1093/0199272093.001.0001CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Geoffrey, and Morgan, Nicholas J., eds. Adding Value: Brands and Marketing in Food and Drink. London: Routledge, 1994Google Scholar
Koehn, Nancy F. Brand New: How Entrepreneurs Earned Consumers’ Trust from Wedgwood to Dell . Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 2001.Google Scholar
Louis, Roger. The History of Oxford University Press. Volume III: 1896 to 1970. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyons, Martyn. Le triomphe du livre. une histoire sociologique de la lectura dans la France du XIXe siècle. Paris: Promodis, 1987.Google Scholar
Lyons, Martyn. Reading Culture and Writing Practices in Nineteenth-Century France. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lyons, Martyn. The Writing Culture of Ordinary People in Europe, c. 1860–1920. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.Google Scholar
Mangada Sanz, Alfonso. Libreros y editores (1920–1960): Joaquín de Oteyza, Biografía de un empresario del libro . Madrid: Paraninfo 1997.Google Scholar
Martínez Rus, Ana. La proyección editorial en Hispanoamérica en el primer tercio del siglo XX. Madrid: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 1998.Google Scholar
Martínez Rus, Ana. La política del libro durante la II República: Socialización de la lectura. Madrid: Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 2001.Google Scholar
Morgan, Charles. The House of Macmillan (1843–1943). London: Macmillan, 1944.Google Scholar
Nadal, Jordi. El fracaso de la revolución industrial en España, 1814–1913 . Barcelona: Ariel, 1986.Google Scholar
Overton, Grant Martin. Portrait of a Publisher and the First Hundred Years of the House of Appleton, 1825–1925. New York: Appleton, 1925.Google Scholar
O’Rourke, Kevin. H., and Williamson, Jeffrey G. Globalization and History: The Evolution of a Nineteenth-Century Atlantic Economy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prados de la Escosura, Leandro. De imperio a nación. Crecimiento y atraso económico en España (1780–1930). Madrid: Alianza, 1988.Google Scholar
Prados de la Escosura, Leandro. El progreso económico de España, 1850–2000 . Bilbao: Fundación BBVA, 2003.Google Scholar
Ramamurti, Ravi, and Singh, Jitendra V., eds. Emerging Multinationals from Emerging Markets. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press, 2010.Google Scholar
Robbins, Keith, ed. The History of Oxford University Press. Volume IV: 1970 to 2004 . Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ruiz Berrio, Julio. La editorial Calleja: Un agente de modernización educativa en la Restauración. Madrid: UNED, 2002.Google Scholar
Segreto, Luciano. I Feltrinelli. Storia di una dinastia imprenditoriale (1854–1942). Milan: Feltrinelli Editore, 2011.Google Scholar
Vernon, Raymond. Sovereignty at Bay: The Multinational Spread of US Enterprises. New York: Basic Books, 1971.Google Scholar
Weedon, Alexis. Victorian Publishing: Book Publishing for the Mass Market, 1836–1916. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2003.Google Scholar
Weedon, Alexis. History of the Book in the West. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate, 2010.Google Scholar
Wells, Louis T. Third World Multinationals: The Rise of Foreign Investments from Developing Countries. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1983.Google Scholar
Wilkins, Mira. The Maturing of Multinational Enterprise: American Business Abroad from 1914 to 1970. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkins, Mira. The Emergence of Multinational Enterprise: American Business Abroad from the Colonial Era to 1914. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1970.Google Scholar
Berghoff, Harmut. “From Small Publisher to Global Media and Services Company: Outline of the History of Berlesmann, 1985 to 2010.” In 175 Years of bertelsmann. The Legacy for Our future, 6–83. Munich:Bertelsmann, 2010.Google Scholar
Berghoff, Harmut. “Blending Personal and Managerial Capitalism: Bertelsmann’s Rise from Medium-Sized Publisher to Global Media Corporation and Service Provider, 1950–2010.” Business History 55 (2013): 855–874.10.1080/00076791.2012.744584CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berghoff, Harmut. “Becoming Global, Staying Local: The Internationalization of Bertelsmann, 1962–2010.” In Going Global: Internationalization Pathways for Family Firms During the 19th and 20th Century, edited by Fear, Jeffrey R., Pérez, Paloma Fernández, and Lubinski, Christina, 169–191. London:Routledge, 2013.Google Scholar
Bucheli, Marcelo, and Salvaj, Erica. “Adaptation Strategies of Multinational Corporations, State-Owned Enterprises, and Domestic Business Groups to Economic and Political Transitions: A Network Analysis of the Chilean Telecommunications Sector, 1958–2005.” Enterprise & Society 15, no. 3 (September 2014): 534–576.Google Scholar
Buckley, Peter J., Clegg, Jeremy L., Cross, Adam R., Liu, Xin, Voss, Hinrich, and Zheng, Ping. “The Determinants of Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment.” Journal of International Business Studies 38, no. 4 (2007): 499–518.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Casson, Mark. “Entrepreneurial Networks in International Business.” Business and Economic History 26 (1997): 811–823.Google Scholar
Castellano, Philippe. “La vocación americanista de Gustau Gili Roig.” In Editorial Gustavo Gili: Una historia, 1902–2012,” edited by Gili, Gustavo, 51–71. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili, 2013.Google Scholar
Castellano, Philippe. “La distribución de los libros en Latinoamérica en vísperas de la Primera Guerra Mundial.” In Prensa, impresos, lectura en el mundo hispánico contemporáneo: homenaje a Jean-François Brotel, edited by Desvois, J. M., 97–108. Bordeaux: Université d’Etudes Iberiques, 2005.Google Scholar
Colli, Andrea, Garcia Canal, Esteban, and Guillen, Mauro. “Family Character and International Entrepreneurship: A Historical Comparison of Italian and Spanish New Multinationals.” Business History 55, no.1 (2013): 119–138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cuervo-Cazurra, Álvaro. “The Multinationalization of Developing Country MNEs: The Case of Multilatinas.” Journal of International Management 14, no. 2 (2008): 138–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cuervo-Cazurra, Álvaro, and Genc, Mehmet Erdem. “Transforming Disadvantages into Advantages: Developing Country MNEs in the Least Developed Countries.” Journal of International Business Studies 39 (2008): 957–979.10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400390CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Da Silva Lopes, Teresa. “Brands and the Evolution of Multinationals in Alcoholic Beverages.” Business History 44, no. 3 (2002): 1–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Da Silva Lopes, Teresa, and Casson, Mark. “Brand Protection and the Globalization of British Busines.” Business History Review 86 (2012): 287–310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donzé, Pierre-Yves. “Multinational Enterprises and the Globalization of Medicine: Siemens and the Business of X-Ray Equipment in Non-Western Markets, 1900–1939.” Enterprise & Society 15, no. 4 (December 2014): 820–848.Google Scholar
Fernández- Moya, María. “A Family-Owned Publishing Multinational: The Salvat Company (1869–1988).” Business History 52, no. 3 (2010): 453–470.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fernández- Moya, María. “Creating Knowledge Networks. Spanish Multinational Publishers in Mexico.” Business History Review 86 (2013): 69–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guillén, Mauro, and García Canal., Esteban “The American Model of the Multinational Firm and the ‘New’ Multinationals from Emerging Economies.” Academy of Management Perspectives 23 (2009): 23–35.10.5465/amp.2009.39985538CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johanson, Jan, and Vahlne, Jan-Erik. “The Internalization Process of the Firm: A Model of Knowledge Development and Increasing Foreign Market Commitments.” Journal of International Business Studies 8, no. 1 (1977): 23–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johanson, Jan, and Vahlne, Jan-Erik. “The Uppsala Internationalization Process Model Revisited: From Liability of Foreignness to Liability of Outsidership.” Journal of International Business Studies 40 (2009): 1411–1431.10.1057/jibs.2009.24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johanson, Jan, and Wiedershein, Paul. “The Internationalisation of the Firm: Four Swedish Case Studies.” Journal of Management Studies 12, no. 3 (1975): 305–322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Geoffrey. “Globalization.” In The Oxford Handbook of Business History, edited by Jones, Geoffrey and Zeitlin, Jonathan, 141–169. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
López Sánchez, J. M. “La Junta para la ampliación de estudios y su proyección americanista: la institución cultural española en Buenos Aires.” Revista de Indias 67 (2007): 81–102.Google Scholar
Nadal, Jordi, and Sudrià, Carles. “La controversia en torno al atraso económico español de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX (1860–1913).” Revista de Historia Industrial 21 (1993): 201–25.Google Scholar
Núñez, Clara E. “A Modern Human Capital Stock. Spain in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries.” In Different Paths to Modernity. A Nordic and Spanish Perspective, edited by Jerneck, Magnus, Mörner, Magnus, Tortella, Gabriel, and Akerman, Sune, 122–142. Lund, Sweden: Nordic Academic Press, 2005.Google Scholar
Ossenbach, Gabriela. “Alfabetización y sociedad en la América de habla hispana.” In Leer y escribir en España. Doscientos años de alfabetización, edited by Escolano Benito, A., 213–235. Madrid:Biblioteca del Libro, 1992.Google Scholar
Ossenbach, Gabriela. “El concepto de ‘emancipación espiritual’ en el debate sobre la educación en Hispanoamérica en la primera mitad del siglo XIX.” Revista Brasileira de História da Educaçâo 1 (2001): 143–159.Google Scholar
Ossenbach, Gabriela. “Estado y Educación en América Latina a partir de su independencia (siglos XIX y XX).” Revista Iberoamericana de Educación 1 (1993), https://rieoei.org/historico/oeivirt/rie01a04.htmGoogle Scholar
Puig, Nuria, and Fernández-Moya, María., “Going Global in Fragmented Markets: The European Publishing Industry since the Second Postwar Period.” In Industries and Global Competition: A History of Business Beyond Borders, edited by Bowens, Bram, -YvesDonzé, Pierre, and Kurosawa, Takafumi, 131–152. London: Routledge, 2017.10.4324/9781315563909-7CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raff, Daniel. “The Book-of-the-Month Club as a New Enterprise.” In The Emergence of Routines, edited by Raff, Daniel M. G. and Scranton, Philip, 22–49. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
RauchJames, E James, E. “Business and Social Networks in International Trade.” Journal of Economic Literature 39, no. 4 (2001): 1177–1203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rueda Laffond, J. C. “La fabricación del libro: La industrialización de las técnicas, máquinas, papel y encuadernación.” In Historia de la edición en España (1836–1936), edited by Martínez Martín, J. A., 73–100. Madrid: Marcial Pons, 2001.Google Scholar
Tortella, Gabriel. “Patterns of Economic Retardation and Recovery in South-Western Europe in The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries.” Economic History Review 47 (1994): 1–21.10.2307/2598218CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tortella, Gabriel, and Nuñez, Clara. E. “La maldición divina: ignorancia y atraso económico en perspectiva histórica.” Revista de Historia Económica/Journal of Iberian and Latin American Economic History 13 (1995): 147–152.Google Scholar
Van Lente, Dick, and De Goey, Ferry. “Trajectories of Internationalization: Knowledge and National Business Styles in the Making of Two Dutch Publishing Multinations, 1950–1990.” Enterprise and Society 9, no. 1 (2007): 165–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vernon, Raymond. “International Investment and International Trade in the Product Cycle.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 80, no. 2 (1966): 190–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkins, Mira. “The Neglected Intangible Asset: The Influence of the Trade Mark on the Rise of the Modern Corporation.” Business History 34, no. 1 (1992): 66–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkins, Mira. “The History of Multinationals: A 2015 View.” Business History Review 89 (Autumn 2015): 405–414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilkins, Mira. “Multinational Enterprises and the Varieties of Capitalism.” Business History Review 84 (2010): 638–645.Google Scholar
Biblioteca Nacional de España, Madrid, SpainGoogle Scholar
General Administration Archive, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, SpainGoogle Scholar
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Madrid, SpainGoogle Scholar
Salvat Archive, Barcelona, SpainGoogle Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Fernández-Moya supplementary material

Appendix 1

Download Fernández-Moya supplementary material(File)
File 34 KB