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The American Institute and the Problem of Interest Group Mobilization in Antebellum United States

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2020

MARTIN ÖHMAN
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Abstract

This article explores the formation and early history of the American Institute of the City of New-York, which in the 1830s became the leading lobby association of “friends of industry” in the United States. More specifically, the article considers how the institute’s officers sought to overcome obstacles of collective mobilization that had plagued earlier pro-industry associations. Pre–Civil War interest groups is an understudied area, and historians typically depict the years following in the Compromise of 1833 as a period essentially devoid of pro-industry agitation. However, it was in precisely in these years that friends of industry for the first time managed to obtain the resources necessary for sustained mobilization. Key to the American Institute’s success, this article argues, was the development of annual manufacturing fairs, events that provided steady revenue, strengthened internal cohesion, attracted new members, facilitated coordination with like-minded groups, and provided opportunities to engage in popular politics in an ordered manner.

Type
Article
Information
Enterprise & Society , Volume 21 , Issue 4 , December 2020 , pp. 893 - 935
Copyright
© The Author 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Business History Conference. All rights reserved.

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Footnotes

The author would like to thank Jeffrey Sklansky, Rachel Pierce, Fred B. Gates, John Moore, Joanna Cohen, editor Andrew Popp, and the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comment and encouragement. Eric Hilt also assisted by generously sharing his dataset on shareholders in New York state corporations. Funding for this project was provided by Riksbankens Jubileumsfond.

References

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