Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-fbnjt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T14:41:06.790Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Corporate Governance and the Eclectic Paradigm: The Investment Motives of Philips in Taiwan in the 1960s

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 February 2015

Abstract

Today Philips is one of the largest foreign investors in East Asia. The foundation for the company's East Asian position was laid by investment in Taiwan in the 1960s and early 1970s, at a time when this country and the rest of the region were still largely ignored by other European investors. This article investigates the motives for Philips to play a pioneering role among European firms in large-scale investing in Taiwan. The author uses the traditional method for direct investment analysis, known as Dunning's eclectic paradigm. He also addresses shortcomings in this method regarding individual company behavior, by adding a corporate governance analysis that is based on Freeman's stakeholder theory. The resulting analysis shows that, although locational factors constituted the main precondition to direct investment by Philips, the crucial reason Philips made its early investments in Taiwan was its chief executive officer's enthusiasm for this particular project.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Enterprise & Society, Vol. 5 No. 3, © the Business History Conference 2004; all rights reserved.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bibliography of Works Cited

Books

Blanken, I. J. Geschiedenis van Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV, vol. 5: 1950-1970 Een industriële wereldfederatie. Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 2002.Google Scholar
Dekker, Wisse. Levenslang Philips. Amsterdam, 1996.Google Scholar
Dent, C. M. The European Union and East Asia: An Economic Relationship. London, 1999.Google Scholar
Dunning, John H. The Globalization of Business: The Challenge of the 1990s. London, 1993.Google Scholar
Fort, Timothy L. Ethics and Governance: Business as Mediating Institution. Oxford, U.K., 2001.Google Scholar
Freeman, R. Edward. Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. London, 1984.Google Scholar
Gold, Thomas B. State and Society in the Taiwan Miracle. New York, 1986.Google Scholar
Graham, Margaret B. W. RCA and the Video Disk: The Business of Research. Cambridge Mass., 1986.Google Scholar
Jones, Geoffrey. The Evolution of International Business: An Introduction. London, 1996.Google Scholar
Mintzberg, Henry, Ahlstrand, Bruce, and Joseph Lampel. Op strategie-safari: Een rondleiding door de wildernis van strategisch management. Translated by Gijsen, R. from Strategy Safari: A Guided Tour through the Wilds of Strategic Management. Schiedam, The Netherlands, 1998.Google Scholar
Philips, Frits. 45 Jaar met Philips. Rotterdam, 1976.Google Scholar
Taiwan, Philips. Philips Taiwan, 1966-1996. Taipei, 1996.Google Scholar
Putten, Frans Paul van der. Corporate Behaviour and Political Risk: Dutch Companies in China, 1903-1941. Leiden, The Netherlands, 2001.Google Scholar
Schreiber, Jordan C. U.S. Corporate Investment in Taiwan. New York, 1970.Google Scholar
Shive, Chi. The Foreign Factor: The Multinational Corporation’s Contribution to the Economic Modernization of the Republic of China. Stanford, Calif., 1990.Google Scholar
Slachteren, Steven van. Het domein van de draak: Philips in Azie. Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 1987.Google Scholar
Wang, Wei-min. The Establishment and Development of Kaohsiung Export Processing Zone (KEPZ), 1965-1975: A Study of Economic Decision-Making in Taiwan, ROC. Taipei, 1981.Google Scholar
Wennekes, Wim. De Aartsvaders: Grondleggers van het Nederlandse Bedrijfsleven. Amsterdam, 1993.Google Scholar
Wu, Yongping. In Search of an Explanation of SME-Led Growth: State Survival, Bureaucratic Politics and Private Enterprise in the Making of the Taiwanese Economy, 1950–1985. Leiden, The Netherlands, 2001.Google Scholar

Articles and Essays

Andriof, Jörg, Sandra Waddock, Bryan Husted, and Sandra Sutherland Rahman. “Introduction.” In Unfolding Stakeholder Thinking: Theory, Responsibility and Engagement, ed. Andriof, Jörg et al. Sheffield, U.K., 2002, pp. 916.Google Scholar
Bell, John. “Entry Modes and Location Decisions.” In Multinational Enterprises from the Netherlands, ed. Hoesel, Roger van and Narula, Rajneesh. London, 1999, pp. 172-90.Google Scholar
Blanken, I.J.Philips in Japan: De verhouding tussen Philips en Japanse elec-trotechnische bedrijven, c. 1930-1950.” In Kapitaal, ondernemerschap en beleid: Studies over economie en politiek in Nederland, Europa en Azië van 1500 tot heden, ed. Davids, C. A., Fritschy, W., and van der Valk, L. A.. Amsterdam, 1996, pp. 549-66.Google Scholar
Chandler, Alfred D. Jr., “The United States: Seedbed of Managerial Capitalism.” In Managerial Hierarchies: Comparative Perspectives on the Rise of the Modern Industrial Enterprise, ed. Chandler, Alfred D. Jr., and Daems, Herman. Cambridge, Mass., 1980, pp. 940.Google Scholar
Gales, Ben P. A., and Sluyterman, Keetie E.. “Outward Bound: The Rise of Dutch Multinationals.” In The Rise of Multinationals in Continental Europe, ed. Jones, Geoffrey and Schr, Harm G.öter. Aldershot, U.K., 1993, pp. 6598.Google Scholar
Goey, Ferry de. “Dutch Overseas Investments in the Very Long Run, c. 1600-1990.” In Multinational Enterprises from the Netherlands, ed. Hoesel, Roger van and Narula, Rajneesh. London, 1999, pp. 3260.Google Scholar
Gold, Thomas B.Entrepreneurs, Multinationals, and the State.” In Contending Approaches to the Political Economy of Taiwan, ed. Winckler, E. A. and Greenhalgh, S. London, 1988, pp. 175205.Google Scholar
Haggard, Stephan. “The Politics of Industrialization in the Republic of Korea and Taiwan.” In Achieving Industrialization in East Asia, ed. Hughes, Helen. New York, 1988, pp. 260-82.Google Scholar
Hoesel, Roger van. “Taiwan: Foreign Direct Investment and the Transformation of the Economy.” In Foreign Direct Investment and Governments: Catalysts for Economic Restructuring, ed. Dunning, John H. and Narula, Rajneesh. London, 1996, pp. 280315.Google Scholar
Hoesel, Roger van, and Narula, Rajneesh. “Outward Investment from the Netherlands: Introduction and Overview.” In Multinational Enterprises from the Netherlands, ed. Hoesel, Roger van and Narula, Rajneesh. London, 1999, pp. 131.Google Scholar
Jones, Geoffrey, and Schr, Harm G.öter. “Continental European Multinationals, 1850-1992.” In The Rise of Multinationals in Continental Europe, ed. Hoesel, Roger van and Schröter, Harm G.. Aldershot, U.K., 1993, pp. 327.Google Scholar
Tu, Ying-yi. “The Electronics and Information Technology Industries.” In Industrialisation and the State: The Changing Role of the Taiwan Government in the Economy, 1945-1998, ed. Hsueh, Li-min, Hsu, Chen-kuo, and Perkins, Dwight H.. Cambridge, Mass., 2001, pp. 267-92Google Scholar

Newspapers

China Post (Taipei, Taiwan), 26 Oct. 1962.Google Scholar
Eindhovens Dagblad (Eindhoven, The Netherlands), 9 Sept. 1976.Google Scholar

Oral Histories

Hsu, L.P., interview with author, 21 Nov. 2000.Google Scholar
Li, K. T., interview with author, 3 Nov. 2000.Google Scholar
Lo, Y. C., interview with author, 26 Nov. 2000.Google Scholar
Vos, Gerrit, interview with author, 5 Oct. 2000.Google Scholar

Unpublished Works and Archives

Gruisen, Marjo, Korremans, Tom, and Liere, Nick van. “Philips in Brazilië, Taiwan en Tanzania: Internationale herstrukturering in praktijk.” MA Thesis, Tilburg University, The Netherlands, 1978.Google Scholar
Paulussen, Jan. “Matsishita Electronics Corporation: Een Joint-Venture van Philips en Matsushita, 1952-1993.” Unpublished study, Philips Company Archives, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.Google Scholar
Philips Company Archives, Royal Philips Electronics NV, Strijp Complex, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.Google Scholar