Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T14:19:30.713Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

‘Outdooring’ the Historical Corpus of English in Ghana

Insights from the compilation of a historical corpus of New English

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 January 2018

Extract

Over the last 30 years there has been an upsurge in research and theorising on postcolonial Englishes. Beginning with Kachru's (1985) Three Circles model, more recently the focus has shifted to models focusing on identity construction and historical developments (Schneider, 2007), central and peripheral varieties and their spheres of influence (Mair, 2013), and those aiming to provide a more integrated approach to postcolonial and non-postcolonial Englishes (Buschfeld & Kautzsch, 2017). Dedicated corpora such as the International Corpus of English (ICE; Greenbaum, 1991) and the Corpus of Global Web-based English (GloWbe; Davies & Fuchs, 2015) have been designed to allow for a synchronic comparison of Englishes around the world and have since been widely used to study variation on the different levels of linguistic description within and across varieties. Recently, ICE corpora have also been used to test assumptions laid out by Schneider (2007), e.g. by comparing data from ICE corpora of varieties which have progressed to different phases (Mukherjee & Gries, 2009) or by taking an apparent-time approach to test developments within one variety (Fuchs & Gut, 2015).

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Apponsah, K. 1968. ‘African writers must be up and doing.’ The Evening News, February 20, 4.Google Scholar
Biermeier, T. 2008. Word-Formation in New Englishes: A Corpus-Based Analysis. Münster: LIT.Google Scholar
Biewer, C. Bernaisch, T. Berger, M. & Heller, B. 2014. Compiling The Diachronic Corpus of Hong Kong English (DC-HKE): Motivation, Progress and Challenges. Nottingham, 30/04.Google Scholar
Blench, R. 2006. ‘A dictionary of Ghanaian English.’ Online at <http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/English/Ghana%20English%20dictionary.pdf> (Accessed July 13, 2016).+(Accessed+July+13,+2016).>Google Scholar
Borlongan, A. M. & Dita, S. N. 2015. ‘Taking a look at expanded predicates in Philippine English across time.’ Asian Englishes, 17(3), 240–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brato, T. in prep. ‘Locating Ghana in the Extra- and Intraterritorial Forces Model.’Google Scholar
Buschfeld, S. & Kautzsch, A. 2017. ‘Towards an integrated approach to postcolonial and non-postcolonial Englishes.’ World Englishes, 36(1), 104–26.Google Scholar
Dako, K. 2001. ‘Ghanaianisms: Towards a semantic and formal classification.’ English World-Wide, 22(1), 2353.Google Scholar
Dako, K. 2003. Ghanaianisms: A Glossary. Accra: Ghana University Press.Google Scholar
Davies, M. & Fuchs, R. 2015. ‘Expanding horizons in the study of World Englishes with the 1.9 billion word Global Web-based English Corpus (GloWbE).’ English World-Wide, 36(1), 128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Francis, W. N. & Kučera, H. 1964. A Standard Corpus of Present-Day Edited American English, for Use with Digital Computers (Brown): Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.Google Scholar
Fuchs, R. & Gut, U. 2015. ‘An apparent time study of the progressive in Nigerian English.’ In Collins, P. C. (ed.), Grammatical Change in English World-Wide. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 373–87.Google Scholar
Ghana Statistical Service. 2012. 2010 Population & Housing Census: Summary Report of Final Results. Online at <http://www.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010phc/Census2010_Summary_report_of_final_results.pdf> (Accessed July 13, 2016).+(Accessed+July+13,+2016).>Google Scholar
Gordon, E. Maclagan, M. & Hay, J. 2007. ‘The ONZE Corpus.’ In Beal, J. C., Corrigan, K. P. & Moisl, H. L. (eds.), Creating and Digitizing Language Corpora: Volume 2: Diachronic Databases. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 82104.Google Scholar
Greenbaum, S. 1991. ‘ICE: The International Corpus of English.’ English Today, 7(4), 37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huber, M. 2012. ‘Ghanaian English.’ In Kortmann, B. & Lunkenheimer, K. (eds.), The Mouton World Atlas of Variation in English. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 382–93.Google Scholar
Huber, M. 2014. ‘Stylistic and sociolinguistic variation in Schneider's Nativization Phase: The case of Ghanaian English.’ In Buschfeld, S., Huber, M., Hoffmann, T. & Kautzsch, A. (eds.), The Evolution of Englishes: The Dynamic Model and Beyond. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 86106.Google Scholar
Huber, M. & Dako, K. 2004. ‘Ghanaian English - morphology and syntax.’ In Schneider, E. W., Burridge, K., Kortmann, B., Mesthrie, R. & Upton, C. (eds.), A Handbook of Varieties of English: A Multimedia Reference Tool. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 854–65.Google Scholar
Kachru, B. B. 1985. ‘Standards, codification and sociolinguistic realism: The English language in the outer circle.’ In Quirk, R. & Widdowson, H. G. (eds.), English in the World: Teaching and Learning the Language and Literatures. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 1130.Google Scholar
Kirby, J. P. 1998. A North American's Guide to Ghanaian English. Tamale: Tamale Institute of Cross-Cultural Studies.Google Scholar
Mair, C. 2013. ‘The World System of Englishes: Accounting for the transnational importance of mobile and mediated vernaculars.’ English World-Wide, 34(3), 253–78.Google Scholar
Mensah, A. N. 1971. ‘The language of Ghanaian newspapers.’ Legon Observer, October 22, 612.Google Scholar
Mukherjee, J. & Gries, S. T. 2009. ‘Collostructional nativisation in New Englishes: Verb construction associations in the International Corpus of English.’ English World-Wide, 30(1), 2751.Google Scholar
Ofori, D. M. & Albakry, M. 2012. ‘I own this language that everybody speaks: Ghanaians’ attitude toward the English language.’ English World-Wide, 33(2), 165–84.Google Scholar
Rüdiger, S. 2014. ‘The nativization of English in the Korean context: Uncharted territory forWorld Englishes.’ English Today, 30(4), 11–4.Google Scholar
Schneider, E. W. 2007. Postcolonial English: Varieties Around the World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sey, K. A. 1973. Ghanaian English: An Exploratory Survey. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Shoba, J. A. Dako, K. & Orfson-Offei, E. 2013. ‘“Locally acquired foreign accent” (LAFA) in contemporary Ghana.’ World Englishes, 32(2), 230–42.Google Scholar
Simo Bobda, A. 2000. ‘The uniqueness of Ghanian English pronunciation in West Africa.’ Studies in the Linguistic Sciences, 30(2), 185198.Google Scholar
Tingley, C. 1981. ‘Deviance in the English of Ghanaian newspapers.’ English World-Wide, 2(1), 3962.Google Scholar
Van Rooy, B. & Piotrowska, C. 2015. ‘The development of an extended time period meaning of the progressive in Black South African English.’ In Collins, P. C. (ed.), Grammatical Change in English World-Wide. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 465–83.Google Scholar