Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T06:25:57.017Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Pre-R Dentalisation in northern England1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 October 2012

WARREN MAGUIRE
WARREN MAGUIRE*
Affiliation:
School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Dugald Stewart Building3 Charles Street, Edinburgh EH8 [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Dental pronunciation of alveolar consonants before /r/ and /ər/ is a well-known feature of traditional varieties of Irish English. This Pre-R Dentalisation (PreRD) has a number of intriguing linguistic properties, in particular an associated /r/-Realisation Effect and a Morpheme Boundary Constraint. It is less well known that PreRD is (or perhaps was) also a feature of a number of English varieties outside Ireland, particularly in traditional northern English dialects. This article analyses dialect data from northern England in order to determine the nature of PreRD there and its historical relations with the phenomenon in Irish English. In addition, it explores the phonological complexities of PreRD in light of the loss of rhoticity in traditional northern English dialects.

Type
Research Article
Information
English Language & Linguistics , Volume 16 , Issue 3 , November 2012 , pp. 361 - 384
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

1

I would like to thank Patrick Honeybone and two anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments on this article. Any remaining deficiencies are, of course, of my own making.

References

References

Adams, G. Brendan. 1967. Northern England as a source of Ulster dialects. Ulster Folklife 13, 69–74. Reprinted in Michael Barry and Philip Tilling (eds.), 1981, The English dialects of Ulster: An anthology of articles on Ulster speech by G. B. Adams, 33–6. Holywood, Co. Down: Ulster Folk & Transport Museum.Google Scholar
Barry, Michael (ed.). 1981. Aspects of English dialects in Ireland, vol. 1: Papers arising from the Tape-recorded Survey of Hiberno-English Speech. Belfast: Institute of Irish Studies.Google Scholar
Bermúdez-Otero, Ricardo & McMahon, April. 2006. English phonology and morphology. In Aarts, Bas & McMahon, April (eds.), The handbook of English linguistics, 382–410. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Brilioth, Börje. 1913. A grammar of the dialect of Lorton (Cumberland). London: Publications of the Philological Society.Google Scholar
Britain, David. 2005. Innovation diffusion: ‘Estuary English’ and local dialect differentiation: The survival of Fenland Englishes. Linguistics 43–5, 995–1022.Google Scholar
Broderick, George. 1997. Manx English: an overview. In Tristram, Hildegard (ed.), The Celtic Englishes, 123–4. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag C. Winter.Google Scholar
Corrigan, Karen. 2010. Irish English, vol. 1: Northern Ireland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Cowling, George Herbert. 1915. The dialect of Hackness (north-east Yorkshire). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Dobson, E. J. 1957. English pronunciation 1500–1700. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Ellis, Alexander. 1869–89. On Early English pronunciation. New York: Greenwood Press.Google Scholar
Filppula, Markku. 1999. The grammar of Irish English: Language in Hibernian style. London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Giegerich, Heinz. 1999. Lexical strata in English: Morphological causes, phonological effects. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grant, William & Murison, David. 1931–76. The Scottish national dictionary. Aberdeen: Aberdeen University Press.Google Scholar
Gregg, Robert. 1964. Scotch-Irish urban speech in Ulster. In Brendan Adams, G. (ed.), Ulster dialects: An introductory symposium, 163–92. Holywood, Co. Down: Ulster Folk Museum.Google Scholar
Gregg, Robert. 1985. The Scotch-Irish dialect boundaries in the province of Ulster. Ottawa: K. G. Campbell Corporation.Google Scholar
Hargreaves, Alexander. 1904. A grammar of the dialect of Adlington (Lancashire). Heidelberg: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung.Google Scholar
Harris, John. 1985. Phonological variation and change: Studies in Hiberno-English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Harris, John. 1991. Conservatism versus substratal transfer in Irish English. In Trudgill, Peter & Chambers, J. K. (eds.) Dialects of English: Studies in grammatical variation, 191–212. London and New York: Longman.Google Scholar
Harris, John. 2006. Wide-domain r-effects in English. UCL Working Papers in Linguistics 18, 357–79.Google Scholar
Hedevind, Bertil. 1967. The dialect of Dentdale in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis.Google Scholar
Henry, Patrick Leo. 1952. An Anglo-Irish dialect of north Roscommon. Zurich: Aschmann & Scheller.Google Scholar
Henry, Patrick Leo. 1958. A linguistic survey of Ireland. Preliminary report. Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap (Lochlann, A Review of Celtic Studies), Supplement 5, 49–208.Google Scholar
Heselwood, Barry. 2009. R vocalisation, linking R and intrusive R: Accounting for final schwa in RP English. Transactions of the Philological Society 107 (1), 66–97.Google Scholar
Hickey, Raymond. 2005. Dublin English: Evolution and change. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Hirst, Tom Oakes. 1906. A grammar of the dialect of Kendal (Westmorland). Heidelberg: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung.Google Scholar
Jones, Mark & Llamas, Carmen. 2008. Fricated realisations of /t/ in Dublin and Middlesbrough English: An acoustic analysis of plosive frication and surface fricative contrasts. English Language and Linguistics 12, 419–43.Google Scholar
Kiparsky, Paul. 1976. Abstractness, opacity, and global rules. In Koutsoudas, Andreas (ed.), The ordering and application of rules, 160–84. The Hague: Mouton.Google Scholar
Kolb, Eduard. 1966. Phonological atlas of the northern region. Bern: Francke.Google Scholar
Labov, William. 1994. Principles of linguistic change, vol. 1: Internal factors. Oxford and Cambridge, MA: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Luick, Karl. 1964. Historische Grammatik der Englischen Sprache. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Lunny, A. 1981. Linguistic interaction: English and Irish in Ballyvourney, W. Cork. In Barry (ed.), 118–41.Google Scholar
Maguire, Warren. 2012. English and Scots in Scotland. To appear in Hickey, Raymond (ed.), Areal features of the anglophone world. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Mather, James & Speitel, Hans-Henning. 1986. The linguistic atlas of Scotland, Scots section, vol. 3: Phonology. Beckenham: Croom Helm.Google Scholar
Nally, Eamonn. 1971. Notes on a Westmeath dialect. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 1 (1), 33–8.Google Scholar
Ní Ghallchóir, Caitríona. 1981. Aspects of bilingualism in north west Donegal. In Barry (ed.), 142–70.Google Scholar
Ó Baoill, Dónall. 1991. Contact phenomena in the phonology of Irish and English in Ireland. In Sture Ureland, P. & Broderick, George (eds.), Language contact in the British Isles, 581–95. Tübingen: Max Niemeyer.Google Scholar
Ó hÚrdail, Roibeárd. 1997. Confusion of dentality and alveolarity in dialects of Hiberno-English. In Kallen, Jeffrey (ed.), Focus on Ireland, 133–52. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Ó Muirithe, Diarmaid. 1996. A modern glossary of Forth and Bargy. In Dolan, T. P. (ed.), The dialect of Forth and Bargy, Co. Wexford, Ireland, 17–30. Dublin: Four Courts Press.Google Scholar
Orton, Harold. 1933. The phonology of a south Durham dialect: descriptive, historical and comparative. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.Google Scholar
Orton, Harold & Dieth, Eugen (eds.). 1962–71. Survey of English Dialects (B): The basic material. Leeds: Arnold & Son.Google Scholar
Orton, Harold, Sanderson, Stewart & Widdowson, John (eds.). 1978 The linguistic atlas of England. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Ó Siadhail, Mícheál. 1989. Modern Irish: Grammatical structure and dialectal variation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Oxley, James. 1940. The Lindsey dialect. Kendal: Titus William.Google Scholar
Reaney, Percy. 1927. A grammar of the dialect of Penrith (Cumberland). Manchester: University of Manchester Press.Google Scholar
Rydland, Kurt. 1982. Vowel systems and lexical-phonemic patterns in south-east Cumbria: A study in structural dialectology. Bergen: Steens Offset.Google Scholar
Rydland, Kurt. 1998. The Orton Corpus: A dictionary of Northumbrian pronunciation, 1928–1939. Oslo: Novus Press.Google Scholar
Schilling, Karl Georg. 1906. A grammar of the dialect of Oldham (Lancashire). Darmstadt: G. Otto's Hof-Buchdruckerei.Google Scholar
Shorrocks, Graham. 1998. A grammar of the dialect of the Bolton area, part 1: Introduction, phonology. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.Google Scholar
Shuken, Cynthia. 1984. Highland and Island English. In Trudgill, Peter (ed.), Language in the British Isles, 1st edition, 152–66. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Tidholm, Hans. 1979. The dialect of Egton in North Yorkshire. Göteborg: Bokmaskinen.Google Scholar
Trudgill, Peter. 2004. New-dialect formation: The inevitability of colonial Englishes. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Wells, John. 1982. Accents of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, Joseph. 1892. A grammar of the dialect of Windhill in the West Riding of Yorkshire. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co.Google Scholar
Wright, Joseph. 1905. The English dialect grammar. Oxford: Henry Frowde.Google Scholar

Sources

Millennium memory bank, http://sounds.bl.uk/Accents-and-dialects/Millennium-memory-bank, accessed 28/08/12Google Scholar
Sounds Familiar?, www.bl.uk/learning/langlit/sounds, accessed 28/08/12Google Scholar
BBC Voices, http://sounds.bl.uk/Accents-and-dialects/BBC-Voices, accessed 28/08/2012Google Scholar