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A Corpus of Late Modern English Texts, extended version (1710–1920). 2006. Compiled by Hendrik De Smet (University of Leuven). www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/CLMETEV/index.html; https://perswww.kuleuven.be/~u0044428/.Google Scholar

A Corpus of Nineteenth-Century English. Forthcoming. Compiled by Merja Kytö (Uppsala University) & Juhani Rudanko (University of Tampere).Google Scholar

A Corpus of Nineteenth-Century Scottish Correspondence. Forthcoming. Compiled by Marina Dossena & Richard Dury (University of Bergamo).Google Scholar

Corpus of Oz Early English (1788–1900). 2007. Compiled by Clemens Fritz. www.clemens-fritz.de/australian_english.htm.Google Scholar

Eighteenth-Century Collections Online (ECCO). 2009–. http://gdc.gale.com/products/eighteenth-century-collections-online/.Google Scholar

Lampeter Corpus of Early Modern English Tracts (1640–1740). 1999. Compiled by Josef Schmied, Claudia Claridge & Rainer Siemund. www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/LC/index.html; http://khnt.hit.uib.no/icame/manuals/LAMPETER/LAMPHOME.HTM.Google Scholar

Late Modern English Medical Texts (1700–1800). Forthcoming. Compiled by Irma Taavitsainen (University of Helsinki), Päivi Pahta (University of Tampere), Turo Hiltunen, Anu Lehto, Ville Marttila, Raisa Oinonen, Maura Ratia, Carla Suhr & Jukka Tyrkkö (University of Helsinki). www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/CEEM/LMEMTindex.html.Google Scholar

Letters of Artisans and the Labouring Poor. Forthcoming. Compiled by Anita Auer, Moragh Gordon (Utrecht University), Tony Fairman (Maidstone, UK) & Mikko Laitinen (University of Jyväskylä).Google Scholar

LION = Literature Online. 1996–. http://lion.chadwyck.co.uk/.Google Scholar

OED Online. www.oed.com.Google Scholar

Old Bailey Corpus (1720–1913). Forthcoming. Compiled by Magnus Huber et al. www.uni-giessen.de/oldbaileycorpus/; see The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, London's Central Criminal Court, 1674 to 1913, below.Google Scholar

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The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, London's Central Criminal Court, 1674 to 1913. S.a. www.oldbaileyonline.org.Google Scholar

Zurich English Newspaper Corpus (1661–1791), version 1.0. 2004. Compiled by Udo Fries, Hans Martin Lehmann, Beni Ruef, Peter Schneider, Patrick Studer, Caren auf dem Keller, Beat Nietlispach, Sandra Engler, Sabine Hensel & Franziska Zeller (University of Zurich). http://es-zen.unizh.ch/; http://www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/ZEN/index.html.Google Scholar

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Beal, Joan C. 2004. English in modern times: 1700–1945. London: Arnold.Google Scholar

Coates, Jennifer. 1983. The semantics of the modal auxiliaries. London: Croom Helm.Google Scholar

Fowler, Henry W. 1926. A dictionary of modern English usage. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar

Görlach, Manfred. 1999. English in nineteenth-century England: An introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hickey, Raymond (ed.). 2010. Eighteenth-century English: Ideology and change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Labov, William. 1994. Principles of linguistic change, vol. 1: Internal factors. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Nevala, Minna. 2004. Address in early English correspondence: Its forms and socio-pragmatic functions (Mémoires de la Société Néophilologique de Helsinki 64). Helsinki: Société Néophilologique.Google Scholar

Nevala, Minna. 2007. Inside and out: Address forms in 17th- and 18th-century letters. Journal of Historical Pragmatics 5 (2), 273–98.Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu & Raumolin-Brunberg, Helena. 1995. Constraints on politeness. The pragmatics of address formulae in early English correspondence. In Jucker, Andreas H. (ed.), Historical pragmatics: Pragmatic developments in the history of English, 541–601. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Tieken-Boon van Ostade, Ingrid. 2009. Introduction to Late Modern English. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar

Vorlat, Emma. 1996. Lindley Murray's prescriptive canon. In van Ostade, Ingrid Tieken-Boon (ed.), Two hundred years of Lindley Murray, 163–82. Münster: Nodus Publikationen.Google Scholar

ARCHER = A Representative Corpus of Historical English Registers 3.x. 1990–1993/2002/2007/2010/2013. Originally compiled under the supervision of Douglas Biber (Northern Arizona University) & Edward Finegan (University of Southern California). Modified and expanded by subsequent members of a consortium of universities. Current member universities are Northern Arizona, Southern California, Freiburg, Heidelberg, Helsinki, Uppsala, Michigan, Manchester, Lancaster, Bamberg, Zurich, Trier, Salford and Santiago de Compostela. www.llc.manchester.ac.uk/research/projects/archer/.Google Scholar

Corpus of Early English Correspondence Extension (1653–1800). Forthcoming. Compiled by Terttu Nevalainen, Helena Raumolin-Brunberg, Samuli Kaislaniemi, Mikko Laitinen, Minna Nevala, Arja Nurmi, Minna Palander-Collin, Tanja Säily & Anni Sairio at the Department of English, University of Helsinki. www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/CEEC/ceece.html.Google Scholar

Corpus of Early Ontario English, Pre-Confederation Section (1776–1850). 2008. Compiled by Stefan Dollinger (University of British Columbia/Vancouver). http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/sdollinger/CONTE.htm.Google Scholar

Corpus of Historical American English (1810–2009). S.a. Compiled by Mark Davies (Brigham Young University). http://corpus.byu.edu/coha/.Google Scholar

A Corpus of Irish English (14th–20th c.). 2003. Compiled by Raymond Hickey (University of Duisburg-Essen). www.uni-due.de/CP/CIE.htm.Google Scholar

A Corpus of Late 18c Prose (1761–1790). 2002. Compiled by David Denison, in collaboration with Linda van Bergen & Joana Soliva (University of Manchester). http://personalpages.manchester.ac.uk/staff/david.denison/late18c.Google Scholar

A Corpus of Late Modern English Prose (1861–1919). 1994. Compiled by David Denison, with the assistance of Graeme Trousdale & Linda van Bergen (University of Manchester). http://personalpages.manchester.ac.uk/staff/david.denison/lmode_prose.html.Google Scholar

A Corpus of Late Modern English Texts, extended version (1710–1920). 2006. Compiled by Hendrik De Smet (University of Leuven). www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/CLMETEV/index.html; https://perswww.kuleuven.be/~u0044428/.Google Scholar

A Corpus of Nineteenth-Century English. Forthcoming. Compiled by Merja Kytö (Uppsala University) & Juhani Rudanko (University of Tampere).Google Scholar

A Corpus of Nineteenth-Century Scottish Correspondence. Forthcoming. Compiled by Marina Dossena & Richard Dury (University of Bergamo).Google Scholar

Corpus of Oz Early English (1788–1900). 2007. Compiled by Clemens Fritz. www.clemens-fritz.de/australian_english.htm.Google Scholar

Eighteenth-Century Collections Online (ECCO). 2009–. http://gdc.gale.com/products/eighteenth-century-collections-online/.Google Scholar

Lampeter Corpus of Early Modern English Tracts (1640–1740). 1999. Compiled by Josef Schmied, Claudia Claridge & Rainer Siemund. www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/LC/index.html; http://khnt.hit.uib.no/icame/manuals/LAMPETER/LAMPHOME.HTM.Google Scholar

Late Modern English Medical Texts (1700–1800). Forthcoming. Compiled by Irma Taavitsainen (University of Helsinki), Päivi Pahta (University of Tampere), Turo Hiltunen, Anu Lehto, Ville Marttila, Raisa Oinonen, Maura Ratia, Carla Suhr & Jukka Tyrkkö (University of Helsinki). www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/CEEM/LMEMTindex.html.Google Scholar

Letters of Artisans and the Labouring Poor. Forthcoming. Compiled by Anita Auer, Moragh Gordon (Utrecht University), Tony Fairman (Maidstone, UK) & Mikko Laitinen (University of Jyväskylä).Google Scholar

LION = Literature Online. 1996–. http://lion.chadwyck.co.uk/.Google Scholar

OED Online. www.oed.com.Google Scholar

Old Bailey Corpus (1720–1913). Forthcoming. Compiled by Magnus Huber et al. www.uni-giessen.de/oldbaileycorpus/; see The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, London's Central Criminal Court, 1674 to 1913, below.Google Scholar

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (ODNB). www.oxforddnb.com.Google Scholar

Penn Parsed Corpus of Modern British English (1700–1914). 2010. Compiled by Anthony Kroch, Beatrice Santorini & Ariel Diertani. www.ling.upenn.edu/hist-corpora/PPCMBE-RELEASE-1/index.html.Google Scholar

The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, London's Central Criminal Court, 1674 to 1913. S.a. www.oldbaileyonline.org.Google Scholar

Zurich English Newspaper Corpus (1661–1791), version 1.0. 2004. Compiled by Udo Fries, Hans Martin Lehmann, Beni Ruef, Peter Schneider, Patrick Studer, Caren auf dem Keller, Beat Nietlispach, Sandra Engler, Sabine Hensel & Franziska Zeller (University of Zurich). http://es-zen.unizh.ch/; http://www.helsinki.fi/varieng/CoRD/corpora/ZEN/index.html.Google Scholar

Alston, Robin C. 1965–70. A bibliography of the English language from the invention of printing to the year 1800, 8 vols. Leeds: Arnold & Son.Google Scholar

Beal, Joan C. 2004. English in modern times: 1700–1945. London: Arnold.Google Scholar

Coates, Jennifer. 1983. The semantics of the modal auxiliaries. London: Croom Helm.Google Scholar

Fowler, Henry W. 1926. A dictionary of modern English usage. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar

Görlach, Manfred. 1999. English in nineteenth-century England: An introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Hickey, Raymond (ed.). 2010. Eighteenth-century English: Ideology and change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Labov, William. 1994. Principles of linguistic change, vol. 1: Internal factors. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar

Nevala, Minna. 2004. Address in early English correspondence: Its forms and socio-pragmatic functions (Mémoires de la Société Néophilologique de Helsinki 64). Helsinki: Société Néophilologique.Google Scholar

Nevala, Minna. 2007. Inside and out: Address forms in 17th- and 18th-century letters. Journal of Historical Pragmatics 5 (2), 273–98.Google Scholar

Nevalainen, Terttu & Raumolin-Brunberg, Helena. 1995. Constraints on politeness. The pragmatics of address formulae in early English correspondence. In Jucker, Andreas H. (ed.), Historical pragmatics: Pragmatic developments in the history of English, 541–601. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Tieken-Boon van Ostade, Ingrid. 2009. Introduction to Late Modern English. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.Google Scholar

Vorlat, Emma. 1996. Lindley Murray's prescriptive canon. In van Ostade, Ingrid Tieken-Boon (ed.), Two hundred years of Lindley Murray, 163–82. Münster: Nodus Publikationen.Google Scholar