Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T03:13:38.442Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Monograph of Euphorbia sect. Tithymalopsis(Euphorbiaceae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 April 2010

K. Park
K. Park
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, Kyung-Nam University, 449 Wolyoung-dong, Masan 631-701, Korea.
Get access

Abstract

Euphorbia sect. Tithymalopsis (Euphorbiaceae) comprises seven species of herbaceous perennials restricted to the south-eastern USA. The species of sect. Tithymalopsis are united and distinguished from other sections in Euphorbia by having a thick and cylindrical root system, a glabrous cyathium, five glands with petaloid appendages, one to three stems arising from the root, absence of vestigial sepals in pistillate flowers, rounded leaf apices, and pitted or smooth seeds without a caruncle. Cladistic analyses indicate that sect. Tithymalopsis consists of two subgroups: (1) E. corollata, E. discoidalis, E. pubentissima and E. polyphylla; and (2) E. curtisii, E. gracilior and E. mercurialina. Comparative data from vegetative morphology, pollen morphology, seed morphology, cytology, crossability, reproductive biology, habitat and distribution are presented. Keys and descriptions to the species are provided.

Keywords

Euphorbiasect. Tithymalopsis
Type
Articles
Information
Edinburgh Journal of Botany , Volume 55 , Issue 2 , July 1998 , pp. 161 - 208
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Arthur, J. C. (1912). New combinations. Torreya 24: 52.Google Scholar
Boissier, P. E. (1862). Euphorbiaceae, subordo Euphorbieae. In: De Candolle, A. (ed.) Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetalis 15 (2): 3–188. Paris: Masson and Son.Google Scholar
Buck, W. R. & Huft, M. J. (1977). Two new species of Euphorbia subgenus Agaloma from Mexico. J. Arnold Arbor. 58: 343–348.Google Scholar
Carlquist, S. (1966). The biota of long-distance dispersal. III. Loss of dispersibility in the Hawaiian flora. Brittonia 18: 310–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carter, S. (1994). A preliminary classification of Euphorbia subgenus Euphorbia. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 368–379.Google Scholar
Chapman, A. W. (1892). Flora of the Southern United States. Ed. 2. New York.Google Scholar
Cronquist, A. (1949). Noteworthy plants of Georgia. Castanea 14: 101–108.Google Scholar
Cronquist, A. (1968). The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin Co.Google Scholar
Donoghue, M. J., Olmstead, J. F., Smith, J. F. & Palmer, J. D. (1992). Phylogenetic relationships of Dipsacales based on rbcL sequences. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79: 333–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ehler, N. (1976). Mikromorphologie der Samenoberflachen der Gattung Euphorbia. Plant Syst. Evol. 126: 189–207.Google Scholar
Ehrenfeld, J. (1976). Reproductive biology of three species of Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce (Euphorbiaceae). Amer. J. Bot. 63: 406–413.Google Scholar
El-Ghazaly, G. (1989). Pollen and orbicule morphology of some Euphorbia species. Grana 28: 243–259.Google Scholar
Engelmann, G. (1887). The botanical works of the Late George Engelmann, collected for Henry Shaw, Esq., (eds) Trelease, W. & Gray, A., pp. 433–449. Cambridge: John Wilson and Son, University Press.Google Scholar
Erdtman, G. (1960). The acetolysis method. Svensk. Bot. Tidskr. 54: 561–564.Google Scholar
Erdtman, G. (1966). Pollen Morphology and Plant Taxonomy. Angiosperms. New York: Hafner Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Hans, A. S. (1973). Chromosomal conspectus of the Euphorbiaceae. Taxon 22: 591–636.Google Scholar
Holzinger, J. M. (1892). List of Plants collected by C. S. Sheldon and M. A. Carleton in Indian Territory in 1891. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 1: 189–217.Google Scholar
House, H. D. (1924). Annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of New York state. New York States Museum Bulletin 254: 5–759.Google Scholar
Huft, M. J. (1979). A monograph of Euphorbia section Tithymalopsis. PhD dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Huft, M. J. (1984). A review of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in Baja California. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 71: 1021–1027.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnston, M. C. (1975). Studies of the Euphorbia species of the Chihuahuan desert region and adjacent area. Wrightia 5: 120–143.Google Scholar
Jordan, L. S., Jordan, J. L. & Jordan, C. M. (1985). Changes induced by water on Euphorbia supina seed coat structures. Amer. J. Bot. 72: 1530–1536.Google Scholar
Jordan, M. S. & Hayden, W. J. (1992). A survey of mucilaginous testa in Chamaesyce. Collectanea Botanica 21: 79–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keil, D. J. (1976). Chromosome numbers for Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) from western North America. Madrono 23: 405–408.Google Scholar
Klotzsch, F. (1859). Hr. Klotsch lass iiber Linne's naturliche Pflanzenklasse Tricoccae des Berliner Herbarium's im Allegemeinen und die naturliche Ordnung Euphorbiaceae insbesondere. Monatsber. Kb'nigl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 236–254.Google Scholar
Kohler, E. (1965). Die Pollenmorphologie der biovulaten Euphorbiaceae und ihre Bedeutung fur die Taxonome. Grana Palynol. 6: 26–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krochmal, A. (1952). Seeds of weedy Euphorbia species and their identification. Weeds 1: 243–255.Google Scholar
Krombein, K. V. (1961). Some insect visitors of mat euphorbia in southeastern Arizona (Hymenoptera, Diptera). Entomol. News 72: 80–83.Google Scholar
Levin, G. A. & Simpson, M. G. (1994). Phylogenetic implications of pollen ultrastructure in the Oldfieldioideae (Euphorbiaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 203–238.Google Scholar
Lin, S., Chaw, S. & Hsieh, C. (1991). A taxonomic study of the genus Chamaesyce S. F. Gray (Euphorbiaceae) in Taiwan. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 32: 215–251.Google Scholar
Lin, S. & Hsieh, C. (1991). A taxonomic study of the genus Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae) in Taiwan. Taiwania 36: 57–79.Google Scholar
Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species Plantarum. Stockholm.Google Scholar
Lynch, S. P. & Webster, G. L. (1975). A new technique of preparing pollen for scanning electron microscopy. Grana 15: 127–136.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mcvaugh, R. (1961). Euphorbiaceae novae-galicianae. Brittonia 13: 145–205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Millspaugh, C. F. (1898). Notes and new species of the genus Euphorbia. Bot. Gaz. 26: 265–270.Google Scholar
Millspaugh, C. F. (1913). The genera Pedilanthus and Cubanthus, and other American Euphorbiaceae. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. 2: 353–373.Google Scholar
Nieuwland, J. A. (1912). Tithymalopsis and Dichrophyllum, synonyms. Amer. Midi. Nat. 2: 298–300.Google Scholar
Norton, J. B. S. (1900). A revision of the North American species of Euphorbia of the section Tithymalus occurring north of Mexico. Missouri Bot. Gard. Annual Rep. 11: 85–114.Google Scholar
Norton, J. B. S. (1916). Variation in Tithymalopsis. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 6: 455–459.Google Scholar
Nowicke, J. W. (1994). A palynological study of Crotonoideae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 245–269.Google Scholar
Park, K. (1995). Systematic studies of Euphorbia section Tithymalopsis (Euphorbiaceae). PhD dissertation, University of Oklahoma, Norman.Google Scholar
Park, K. & Lee, S. (1988). A palynotaxonomic study of the Korean Euphorbiaceae. Korean J. PI. Taxon. 18: 69–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Perry, B. A. (1943). Chromosome number and phylogenetic relationships in the Euphorbiaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 30: 527–543.Google Scholar
Punt, W. (1962). Pollen morphology of the Euphorbiaceae with special reference to taxonomy. Wentia 7: 1–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Punt, W. (1987). A survey of pollen morphology in Euphorbiaceae with special reference to Phyllathus. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 94: 127–142.Google Scholar
Radford, A. E., Dickison, W. C., Massey, J. R. & Bell, C. R. (1974). Vascular Plant Systematics. New York: Harper & Row.Google Scholar
Rafinesque, C. S. (1836). Flora Telluriana (Parts IV et Ult.), printed by H. Probasco, pp. 116–117. Philadelphia.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rafinesque, C. S. (1840). Autikon Botanikon, printed by author, pp. 94–96. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
Richardson, J. W. (1968). The genus Euphorbia of the High Plains and Prairie Plains of Kansas, Nebraska, South and North Dakota. University of Kansas Science Bulletin 48: 45–112.Google Scholar
Saxena, M. R. (1993). Palynology. New Delhi: Oxford & IBH Publishing Co.Google Scholar
Simpson, M. G. & Levin, G. A. (1994). Pollen ultrastructure of the biovulate Euphorbiaceae. Int. J. PI. Sci. 155: 313–431.Google Scholar
Small, J. K. (1898). Studies in the Botany of the Southeastern United States. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 125: 465–615.Google Scholar
Small, J. K. (1903). Flora of the Southeastern United States. New York.Google Scholar
Small, J. K. (1913). Flora of the Southeastern United States. Ed. 2. New York.Google Scholar
Stevens, P. F. (1991). Character states, morphological variation, and phylogenetic analysis: A review. Syst. Bot. 16: 553–583.Google Scholar
Swofford, D. L. (1991). PA UP. Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony, version 3.0s. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, Illinois.Google Scholar
Urbatsch, L. E., Bacon, J. D., Hartman, R. L., Johnston, M. C., Watson, T. J. & Webster, G. L. (1975). Chromosome numbers for North American Euphorbiaceae. Amer. J. Bot. 62: 494–500.Google Scholar
Walker, J. W. & Doyle, J. A. (1975). The base of angiosperm phylogeny: palynology. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 62: 664–723.Google Scholar
Webster, G. L. (1967). The genera of Euphorbiaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 48: 303–430.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webster, G. L. (1975). Conspectus of a new classification of the Euphorbiaceae. Taxon 24: 593–601.Google Scholar
Webster, G. L. (1994). Synopsis of the genera and suprageneric taxa of Euphorbiaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 81: 33–144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wheeler, L. C. (1939). A miscellany of New World Euphorbiaceae II. Contr. Gray Herb. 127: 48–78Google Scholar
Wheeler, L. C. (1943). The genera of living Euphorbieae. Amer. Midi. Nat. 30: 456–503.Google Scholar