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COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF CALOLISIANTHUS SPECIES (GENTIANACEAE – HELIEAE) FROM BRAZIL: TAXONOMIC ASPECTS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2011

M. N. Delgado ,
A. A. Azevedo ,
L. C. Silva ,
G. E. Valente  and
M. C. M. Kasuya
M. N. Delgado
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Campus Universitário, 36570-000, Viçosa-MG, Brazil.
A. A. Azevedo
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Campus Universitário, 36570-000, Viçosa-MG, Brazil.
L. C. Silva
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Campus Universitário, 36570-000, Viçosa-MG, Brazil.
G. E. Valente
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Campus Universitário, 36570-000, Viçosa-MG, Brazil.
M. C. M. Kasuya
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Microbiologia, Campus Universitário, 36570-000, Viçosa-MG, Brazil.
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Abstract

This work aims to characterise the morphology and anatomy of roots, stems and leaves of Calolisianthus species (Gentianaceae – Helieae) to assist in the taxonomy and understanding of some adaptive responses to high luminosity, prolonged water deficit and nutritional stress in their environment. Samples of Calolisianthus speciosus and C. pendulus were collected in campo rupestre (rocky land) and samples of C. amplissimus were collected in cerrado (savanna) areas in southeastern Brazil. The roots have a cortex with Arum-type arbuscular mycorrhizae. The three species have winged and square stems and in Calolisianthus amplissimus the stem is hollow. Calolisianthus pendulus and C. speciosus have a pair of conspicuous extrafloral nectaries at the leaf base, which are absent in C. amplissimus. Calolisianthus pendulus has a dorsiventral mesophyll and a round leaf margin with parenchymatic cells. Calolisianthus amplissimus has a homogeneous mesophyll and a leaf margin with collenchyma. Calolisianthus speciosus leaves have a homogeneous mesophyll and a margin with sclerenchyma and collenchyma. Our results demonstrate that some anatomical characters are useful for the identification of Calolisianthus species and might be used to elucidate evolutionary relationships among Calolisianthus and their adaptive responses.

Keywords

AnatomyCalolisianthusextrafloral nectariesmycorrhizaesystematics
Type
Articles
Information
Edinburgh Journal of Botany , Volume 68 , Issue 1 , March 2011 , pp. 139 - 155
Copyright
Copyright © Trustees of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 2011

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