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Rationality, uncertainty, and unanimity: an epistemic critique of contractarianism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 February 2020

Alexander Schaefer Open the ORCID record for Alexander Schaefer [Opens in a new window]
Alexander Schaefer*
Affiliation:
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
*
Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

This paper considers contractarianism as a method of justification. The analysis accepts the key tenets of contractarianism: expected utility maximization, unanimity as the criteria of acceptance, and social-scientific uncertainty of modelled agents. In addition to these three features, however, the analysis introduces a fourth feature: a criteria of rational belief formation, viz. Bayesian belief updating. Using a formal model, this paper identifies a decisive objection to contractarian justification. Insofar as contractarian projects approximate the Agreement Model, therefore, they fail to justify their conclusions. Insofar as they fail to approximate the Agreement Model, they must explain which modelling assumption they reject.

Keywords

Social contractcontractarianismgame theoryunanimity
Type
Article
Information
Economics & Philosophy , Volume 37 , Special Issue 1: Special Issue on Ethics of Economic Ordeals , March 2021 , pp. 82 - 117
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Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2020

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