Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T18:02:32.689Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

INFERENCE IN NONPARAMETRIC SERIES ESTIMATION WITH SPECIFICATION SEARCHES FOR THE NUMBER OF SERIES TERMS

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 March 2020

Byunghoon Kang*
Affiliation:
Lancaster University
*
Address correspondence to Byunghoon Kang, Department of Economics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom; e-mail: [email protected]; homepage: https://sites.google.com/site/davidbhkang.

Abstract

Nonparametric series regression often involves specification search over the tuning parameter, that is, evaluating estimates and confidence intervals with a different number of series terms. This paper develops pointwise and uniform inferences for conditional mean functions in nonparametric series estimations that are uniform in the number of series terms. As a result, this paper constructs confidence intervals and confidence bands with possibly data-dependent series terms that have valid asymptotic coverage probabilities. This paper also considers a partially linear model setup and develops inference methods for the parametric part uniform in the number of series terms. The finite sample performance of the proposed methods is investigated in various simulation setups as well as in an illustrative example, that is, the nonparametric estimation of the wage elasticity of the expected labor supply from Blomquist and Newey (2002, Econometrica 70, 2455–2480).

Type
ARTICLES
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge Univesity Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

I thank the Editor Peter Phillips, the Co-Editor Iván Fernández-Val, and the two anonymous referees for thoughtful comments that significantly improved this paper. I am also grateful to Bruce Hansen, Jack Porter, Xiaoxia Shi, and Joachim Freyberger for useful comments and discussions, and thanks to Michal Kolesár, Denis Chetverikov, Yixiao Sun, Andres Santos, Patrik Guggenberger, Federico Bugni, Joris Pinkse, Liangjun Su, Myung Hwan Seo, and Áureo de Paula for helpful conversations and criticism. This paper is a revised version of the first chapter in my Ph.D. thesis at UW-Madison and previously titled “Inference in Nonparametric Series Estimation with Data-Dependent Undersmoothing.” I acknowledge support by the Kwanjeong Educational Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship and Leon Mears Dissertation Fellowship from UW-Madison. All errors are my own.

References

REFERENCES

Andrews, D.W.K. (1991a) Asymptotic normality of series estimators for nonparametric and semiparametric regression models. Econometrica 59, 307345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andrews, D.W.K. (1991b) Asymptotic optimality of generalized CL, cross-validation, and generalized cross-validation in regression with heteroskedastic errors. Journal of Econometrics 47, 359377.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Armstrong, T.B. & Kolesár, M. (2018) A simple adjustment for bandwidth snooping. Review of Economic Studies 85, 732765.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belloni, A., Chernozhukov, V., Chetverikov, D. & Fernández-Val, I. (2019) Conditional quantile processes based on series or many regressors. Journal of Econometrics 213, 429.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belloni, A., Chernozhukov, V., Chetverikov, D. & Kato, K. (2015) Some new asymptotic theory for least squares series: Pointwise and uniform results. Journal of Econometrics 186, 345366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belloni, A., Chernozhukov, V. & Hansen, C. (2014) Inference on treatment effects after selection among high-dimensional controls. Review of Economic Studies 81, 608650.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blomquist, S. & Newey, W.K. (2002) Nonparametric estimation with nonlinear budget sets. Econometrica 70, 24552480.Google Scholar
Blundell, R. & MaCurdy, T.E. (1999) Labor supply: A review of alternative approaches. In Ashenfelter, O., Card, D. (eds.), Handbook of Labor Economics. Vol. 3. Elsevier, Chapter 27.Google Scholar
Calonico, S., Cattaneo, M.D. & Farrell, M.H. (2018) On the effect of bias estimation on coverage accuracy in nonparametric inference. Journal of the American Statistical Association 113, 767779.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cattaneo, M.D. & Farrell, M.H. (2013) Optimal convergence rates, Bahadur representation, and asymptotic normality of partitioning estimators. Journal of Econometrics 174, 127143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cattaneo, M.D., Farrell, M.H. & Feng, Y. (2019) Large sample properties of partitioning-based series estimators. Annals of Statistics Forthcoming.Google Scholar
Cattaneo, M.D., Jansson, M. & Newey, W.K. (2018a) Alternative asymptotics and the partially linear model with many regressors. Econometric Theory 34, 277301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cattaneo, M.D., Jansson, M. & Newey, W.K. (2018b) Inference in linear regression models with many covariates and heteroscedasticity. Journal of the American Statistical Association 113, 13501361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chao, J.C., Swanson, N.R., Hausman, J.A., Newey, W.K. & Woutersen, T. (2012) Asymptotic distribution of JIVE in a heteroskedastic IV regression with many instruments. Econometric Theory 28, 4286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chatterjee, S. (2005) An error bound in the Sudakov–Fernique inequality. arXiv:math/0510424.Google Scholar
Chen, X. (2007) Large sample sieve estimation of semi-nonparametric models. In Heckman, J.J. & Leamer, E. (eds.), Handbook of Econometrics, Vol. 6B. Elsevier, Chapter 76.Google Scholar
Chen, X. & Christensen, T. (2015) Optimal uniform convergence rates and asymptotic normality for series estimators under weak dependence and weak conditions. Journal of Econometrics 188, 447465.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, X. & Christensen, T. (2018) Optimal sup-norm rates and uniform inference on nonlinear functionals of nonparametric IV regression. Quantitative Economics 9(1), 3985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, X. & Liao, Z. (2014) Sieve M inference on irregular parameters. Journal of Econometrics 182, 7086.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, X., Liao, Z. & Sun, Y. (2014) Sieve inference on possibly misspecified semi-nonparametric time series models. Journal of Econometrics 178, 639658.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chen, X. & Shen, X. (1998) Sieve extremum estimates for weakly dependent data. Econometrica 66 (2), 289314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chernozhukov, V., Chetverikov, D. & Kato, K. (2014a) Gaussian approximation of suprema of empirical processes. Annals of Statistics 42(4), 15641597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chernozhukov, V., Chetverikov, D. & Kato, K. (2014b) Anti-concentration and honest, adaptive confidence bands. Annals of Statistics 42(5), 17871818.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chernozhukov, V., Chetverikov, D. & Kato, K. (2016) Empirical and multiplier bootstraps for suprema of empirical processes of increasing complexity, and related Gaussian couplings Stochastic Processes and their Applications 126(12), 36323651.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Donald, S.G. & Newey, W.K. (1994) Series estimation of semilinear models. Journal of Multivariate Analysis 50, 3040.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eastwood, B.J. & Gallant, A.R. (1991) Adaptive rules for seminonparametric estimators that achieve asymptotic normality. Econometric Theory 7, 307340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giné, E. & Nickl, R. (2010) Confidence bands in density estimation. Annals of Statistics 38, 11221170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giné, E. & Nickl, R. (2015) Mathematical Foundations of Infinite-Dimensional Statistical Models. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hall, P. & Horowitz, J. (2013) A simple bootstrap method for constructing nonparametric confidence bands for functions. Annals of Statistics 41, 18921921.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, B.E. (2015) The integrated mean squared error of series regression and a Rosenthal Hilbert-space inequality. Econometric Theory 31, 337361.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hansen, P.R. (2005) A test for superior predictive ability. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics 23, 365380.Google Scholar
Härdle, W. & Linton, O. (1994) Applied nonparametric methods. In Engle, R. F., McFadden, D. F. (eds.), Handbook of Econometrics, Vol. 4, Elsevier, Chapter 38.Google Scholar
Hausman, J.A. (1985) The econometrics of nonlinear budget sets. Econometrica 53, 12551282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heckman, J.J., Lochner, L.J. & Todd, P.E. (2006) Earnings functions, rates of return and treatment effects: The mincer equation and beyond. In Hanushek, E.A., and Welch, F. (eds.), Handbook of the Economics of Education, Vol. 1. Elsevier, Chapter 7.Google Scholar
Horowitz, J.L. (2014) Adaptive nonparametric instrumental variables estimation: Empirical choice of the regularization parameter. Journal of Econometrics 180, 158173.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horowitz, J.L. & Lee, S. (2012) Uniform confidence bands for functions estimated nonparametrically with instrumental variables. Journal of Econometrics 168, 175188.Google Scholar
Huang, J.Z. (2003) Local asymptotics for polynomial spline regression. Annals of Statistics 31, 16001635.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kozbur, D. (2018) Inference in Additively Separable Models With a High-Dimensional Set of Conditioning Variables. Working paper, arXiv:1503.05436.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leamer, E.E. (1983) Let’s take the con out of econometrics. The American Economic Review 73, 3143.Google Scholar
Lepski, O.V. (1990) On a problem of adaptive estimation in Gaussian white noise. Theory of Probability and its Applications 35, 454466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, K.C. (1987) Asymptotic optimality for Cp, CL, cross-validation and generalized cross-validation: Discrete index set. Annals of Statistics 15, 958975.Google Scholar
Li, Q. & Racine, J.S. (2007) Nonparametric Econometrics: Theory and Practice . Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Linton, O. (1995) Second order approximation in the partially linear regression model. Econometrica 63(5), 10791112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newey, W.K. (1994a) Series estimation of regression functionals. Econometric Theory 10, 128.Google Scholar
Newey, W.K. (1994b) The asymptotic variance of semiparametric estimators. Econometrica 62, 13491382.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newey, W.K. (1997) Convergence rates and asymptotic normality for series estimators. Journal of Econometrics 79, 147168.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newey, W.K. (2013) Nonparametric instrumental variables estimation. American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings 103, 550556.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newey, W.K. & Powell, J.L. (2003) Instrumental variable estimation of nonparametric models. Econometrica 71, 15651578.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newey, W.K., Powell, J.L. & Vella, F. (1999) Nonparametric estimation of triangular simultaneous equations models. Econometrica 67, 565603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, P.M. (1988) Root-N-consistent semiparametric regression. Econometrica 56(4), 931954.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Romano, J.P. & Wolf, M. (2005) Stepwise multiple testing as formalized data snooping. Econometrica 73, 12371282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schennach, S.M. (2015) A Bias Bound Approach to Nonparametric Inference. CEMMAP Working paper CWP71/15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Der Vaart, A.W. & Wellner, J.A. (1996) Weak Convergence and Empirical Processes. Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, H. (2000) A reality check for data snooping. Econometrica 68, 10971126.Google Scholar
Zhou, S., Shen, X. & Wolfe, D.A. (1998) Local asymptotics for regression splines and confidence regions. Annals of Statistics 26, 17601782.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: PDF

Kang Supplementary Materials

Kang Supplementary Materials 1

Download Kang Supplementary Materials(PDF)
PDF 313.5 KB
Supplementary material: File

Kang Supplementary Materials

Kang Supplementary Materials 2

Download Kang Supplementary Materials(File)
File 56.6 KB