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XXVI.—Researches on Chinoline and its Homologues

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 January 2013

C. Greville Williams
C. Greville Williams
Affiliation:
Assistant to Dr Anderson, University of Glasgow.
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Extract

Twenty-two years have now elapsed, since Runge first published his remark, able experiments on coal naphtha, and it would, perhaps, be difficult to instance any chemical investigation which has formed the point of departure of a greater number of researches. When we consider the vast quantity of bodies which have, first and last, been obtained from coal-tar, it might appear that little more remained to be done,—that the mine was exhausted,—but so far from this being the case, the discovery of one substance has only served to pave the way for the isolation of others.

Among the bodies examined by Runge, there was one which apparently possessed comparatively few features of interest; indeed its very name (the first syllable derived from λευχός was intended to express its supposed inability to produce coloured reactions, a feature which, in the chemistry of the time, militated greatly against its claims to notice. I have used the expression “supposed inability,” because I shall show further on, that this substance is capable, under certain conditions, of affording extremely brilliant colorations. Eventually, Gerhardt, by acting on quinine, cinchonine, and strychnine, with hydrate of potash, obtained the same body. The first chemist who succeeded in procuring any of its compounds in a state of tolerable purity was Hofmann, whose analysis of the platinum salt is very nearly exact. But, at the time of that analysis, he was of opinion that the products obtained from coal and chinoline were essentially different, an opinion which he subsequently retracted. In the mean time, the alkaloid, as obtained from cinchonine was examined by Bromeis and Laurent, their results, however, not elucidating the composition of the basic fluid obtained in the manner alluded to.

Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 21 , Issue 3 , 1857 , pp. 377 - 401
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1857

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References

page 377 note * Poggend. Annal., Bd. xxxi., p. 65 und 513; und Bd. xxxii., p. 308 und 328.

page 377 note † Revue Scientif., x., 186. Compt. Rend, des Trav. de Chim. 1845, p. 30.

page 377 note ‡ Liebig's Annal., Bd. lii., p. 130; and Ann. der Chem. u. Pharm. lii., 130.

page 377 note § Ann. de Chim. et de Phys. [3] xxx., 368.

page 377 note ∥ Quart. Jour. Chem. Soc. Lond., July 1854.

page 378 note * I take this opportunity of expressing my sense of Dr Anderson's kindness, in permitting me to make use of his laboratory and apparatus, during my endeavours to realize this idea.

page 378 note † Chem. Gazette, Nov. 1, 1855; and Edin. Phil, Jour., Oct. 1855.

page 378 note ‡ Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xxi., part ii.

page 378 note § Traité de Chimie Organique, troisième partie, p. 148.

page 379 note * Supposing for the moment the old formula for chinoline (C18 H8 N) to be correct.

page 379 note † I have vainly searched through the Chemical Journals for any paper by Dr Hofmann, tending to show the real nature of the action of oxide of silver upon iodide of methylchinoline. This has led me to make the experiments detailed at page 392.

page 380 note * Researches in Organic Chemistry, by Adolph Strecker. Compt. Rend. xxxi. 49. Chem. Soc. Quart. Jour. 1854, vol. vii., p. 278.

page 380 note † Quart. Jour. Chem. Soc., vol. iv., p. 328.

page 381 note * Gerhardt, Traité, troisième partie, p. 149.

page 382 note * Gerhardt, loc. cit.

page 383 note * Gerhardt, loc. cit., and Laurent, Ann. de Chim. et de Phys. [3] xxx., 368.

page 383 note † Gerhardt, Traité, tome troisième, p. 86.

page 383 note ‡ Ann. der Ch. u. Pharm. lxxxvi., 368.

page 387 note * Traité de Chimie Organique, troisième partie, p. 150.

page 388 note * Chem. Gaz., vol. iii p. 251 (1845). Proc. of Chem. Soc, April 7, 1845.

page 388 note † Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xxi. part ii.

page 394 note * Traité, troisième partie, p. 150.

page 395 note * Silliman's Journal 1849; Chem. Gaz., Jan. 1850; Gerhardt, Traité, tome 3me, p. 83; Hofmann, Quart. Jour. Chem. Soc.

page 396 note * Trans. Royal Soc. Edin., vol. xxi., pt. 27.

page 400 note * From χζυπτοϚ.