Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T12:02:29.515Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Wenlock (Silurian) graptolites, Cape Phillips Formation, Canadian Arctic Islands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2011

A. C. Lenz
Affiliation:
A. C. Lenz, Department of Geology, University of Western Ontario, London,Canada N6A 5B7
M. J. Melchin
Affiliation:
M. J. Melchin, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo,Canada N2L3G1

Abstract

Twenty six of the more important species of monograptids (s.l.), retiolitids and Cyrtograptus (from a total fauna of 52 species) are described from Wenlock strata of the Cape Phillips Formation, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Of this fauna, eight new species or subspecies, Monograptus firmus festinolatus, M. instrenuus, M. opimus, M. testis incomptus, Cyrtograptus falcatus, C. hamatus brevis, C. kolobus and C. pseudomancki, are described and illustrated.

Wenlock biostratigraphic zones comprise the Cyrtograptus centrifugus-C. insectus Zone (earliest Wenlock), M. instrenuus-C. kolobus Zone, tentatively divisible into lower and upper subzones, C. perneri-M. opimus Zone possibly divisible into lower and upper subzones, C. lundgreni-M. testis Zone divisible into a lower M. testis incomptus Subzone and an upper M. testis testis Subzone, and the Pristiograptus ludensis Zone (latest Wenlock).

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Barrande, J. 1850. Graptolites de Bohême, 174. Prague.Google Scholar
Bates, D. E. B. & Kirk, N. H. 1978. Contrasting modes of construction of retiolite-type rhabdosomes. ACTA PALAEONTOL POLONICA 23, 427–48.Google Scholar
Berry, W. B. N. & Murphy, M. A. 1975. Silurian and Devonian graptolites of central Nevada. UNIV CALIFORNIA PUBL GEOL SCI 110, 1109.Google Scholar
Bouček, B. 1931. Předběžna zpráva o některyćh novyćh druzich graptolitů českego gotlandienu. VĚSTNIK STAT GEOL ÚST ČESK REP VII, 293313.Google Scholar
Bouček, B. 1933. Monographie der obersilurischen Graptoliten aus der Familie Cyrtograptidae. PŔACE GEOL PALEONTOL ÚST KARLOVY UNIV PRAZE 1, 184.Google Scholar
Bouček, B. & Přibyl, A. 1952. Nové poznatky o cyrtograptidech z českého siluru a jejich stratigrafickém vyznamu. ROZPRAVY II. TŘIDY ČESKÉ AKAD 62, 9, 124.Google Scholar
Crowther, P. R. 1981. The fine structure of graptolite periderm. SPEC PAP PALAEONTOL 26, 1119.Google Scholar
de Freitas, T. 1987. A Silurian sphinctozoan sponge from east-central Cornwallis Island, Canadian Arctic. CAN J EARTH SCI 24, 840–44.Google Scholar
Elles, G. L. & Wood, E. M. R. 1911. Monograph of British Graptolites, part VIII. PALAEONTOGR SOC, 359414.Google Scholar
Elles, G. L. & Wood, E. M. R. 1913. Monograph of British Graptolites, part IX. PALAEONTOGR SOC, 415–86.Google Scholar
Elles, G. L. & Wood, E. M. R. 1914. Monograph of British Graptolites, part X. PALAEONTOGR SOC, 487526.Google Scholar
Eisenack, A. 1951. Retiolitien aus dem Graptolithengestein. PALAEONTOGRAPHICA 100, 129163.Google Scholar
Fu, Li-pu. 1985. Early Wenlockian and latest Llandoverian Cyrtograptus in Ziyang, Shaanxi. ACTA PALAEONTOL SINICA 24, 322–31.Google Scholar
Golikov, A. N. 1974. O nakhodke rannevenlokskikh graptolit v zapadnoy chasti gor Mal'gusar. In Obut, A. M. (ed.) GRAPTOLITY SSSR. Izdatel'stvo ‘Nauka’, Sibirskoe otdelenie, 90106.Google Scholar
Goodbody, Q. H. 1982. Silurian Radiolaris from the Cape Phillips Formation, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. THIRD NORTH AMERICAN PALEONTOL CONV PROC 1, 211–16.Google Scholar
Goodbody, Q. H. 1986. Wenlock Palaeoscenidiidae and Entactiniidae (Radiolaria) from the Cape Phillips Formation of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. MICROPALEONTOLOGY 32, 129157.Google Scholar
Gortani, M. 1922. Faune Paleozoiche della Sardegna. Part I. Le Graptoliti di Goni. PALAEONTOGR ITALICA 28, 4563.Google Scholar
Holland, C. H., Rickards, R. B. & Warren, P. T. 1969. The Wenlock graptolites of the Ludlow District, Shropshire, and their stratigraphical significance. PALAEONTOL 12, 663–83.Google Scholar
Holm, G. 1890. Gotlands Graptolitier. BIHANG TILL K SVENSKA VET-AKAD HANDLINGAR 16, 4, 7, 134.Google Scholar
Hundt, R. 1924. Die Graptolithen des deutschen Silurs. Leipzig: Verlag Max Weg. 91p.Google Scholar
Jackson, D. E. 1978. Recent developments in graptolite research. GEOL ASSOC CAN SPEC PAP 18, 113–31.Google Scholar
Jaeger, H. 1959. Graptolithen und Stratigraphie des jüngsten thüringer Silurs. ABHANDLUNGEN DER DEUTSCHEN AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN ZU BERLIN, KLASSE FÜR CHEMIE, GEOLOGIE UND BIOLOGIE 2, 1197.Google Scholar
Jaeger, H. 1959. Graptolithen und Stratigraphie des jüngsten thüringer Silurs. ABH DEUTSCH AKAD WISSEN BERLIN, KL CHEM GEOL BIOL 2, 1197.Google Scholar
Jaeger, H. 1990. New geological and biostratigraphical data on the Silurian of SE-Sardinia. Close affinity with Thuringia. BOLL SOC GEOL ITAL 108, 565–80.Google Scholar
Kerr, J. W. 1974. Geology of Bathurst Island Group and Byam Martin Island, Arctic Canada. GEOL SURV CAN MEM 378, 1152.Google Scholar
Kerr, J. W. 1976. Stratigraphy of central and eastern Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada. III. Upper Ordovician (Richmondian), Silurian and Devonian. GEOL SURV CAN BULL 260, 155.Google Scholar
Koren', T. N. 1990. The Homeilian graptolite fauna of central Asia: morphology, dynamics and zonation. In Yunan, Ni and Yi-ting, Fang. (editors). INT PALEONTOL ASSOC GRAPTOLITE WORKING GROUP FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE, NANJING. Abstract and Excursion p. 19.Google Scholar
Koren', T. N. & Rinenberg, R. E. 1988. Sobytie Lundgreni v pelagicheskikh fatsiyakh pozdenogo venlocka yuzhnogo Tyan-Shan. In GRAPTOLITY V ISTORII ZEMLI. MINISTERSTVO NARODNOGO OBRAZOVANIYA LITOVSKOY SSR, VILNIUS, 1114.Google Scholar
Lenz, A. C. 1974. A membrane-bearing Cyrtograptus, and an interpretation of the hydrodynamics of cyrtograptids. in Rickards, R. B., Jackson, D. E. & Hughes, C. P. (eds.) Graptolite Studies in honour of O. M. B. Bulman. SPEC PAP PALAEONTOL 13, 205–14.Google Scholar
Lenz, A. C. 1975. Silurian graptolites from eastern Gaspé, Quebec. CAN J EARTH SCI 12, 7789.Google Scholar
Lenz, A. C. 1978. Llandoverian and Wenlockian Cyrtograptus, and some other Wenlockian graptolites from northern and Arctic Canada. GEOBIOS 11, 623–53.Google Scholar
Lenz, A. C. 1980. Wenlockian graptolite reference section, Clearwater Creek, Nahanni National Park, Northwest Territories. CAN J EARTH SCI 17, 1075–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lenz, A. C. 1986. Morphological variation in Silurian Dicaelosia and Epitomyonia, Arctic Islands, Canada. In Racheboeuf, P. R. & Emig, C. (eds) Les Brachiopodes fossiles et actuel. Collection “Biostratigraphie du Paleozoique” 4, université de Bretagne Occidentale, 121128.Google Scholar
Lenz, A. C. 1989. Upper Llandovery and Wenlock graptolites from Prairie Creek, southern Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories. CAN J EARTH SCI 25, 1955–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lenz, A. C. 1990. The graptolite Monograptus testis (Barrande) from the Cape Phillips Formation, Canadian Arctic Islands. IRISH J EARTH SCI 10, 175180.Google Scholar
Lenz, A. C. & Melchin, M. J. 1987b. Peridermal and interthecal tissue in Silurian retiolitids: with some examples from Sweden and Arctic Canada. LETHAIA 20, 353359.Google Scholar
Lenz, A. C. & Melchin, M. J. 1989. Monograptus spiralis and its phylogenetic relationship to early cyrtograptids. J PALEONTOL 63, 341–8.Google Scholar
Lenz, A. C. & Melchin, M. J. 1990. Wenlock graptolite biostratigraphy of the Cape Phillips Formation, Canadian Arctic Islands. CAN J EARTH SCI 27, 113.Google Scholar
Manck, E. 1924. Die Graptolithen des Vogtlands und der angrenzenden Gebiete. Ms. Plauen.Google Scholar
Melchin, M. J. 1987. Upper Ordovician graptolites from the Cape Phillips Formation, Canadian Arctic Islands. BULL GEOL SOC DENMARK 35, 191202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melchin, M. J. 1989. Llandovery graptolite biostratigraphy and paleobiogeography, Cape Phillips Formation, Canadian Arctic Islands. CAN J EARTH SCI 26, 1726–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Melchin, M. J. & Lenz, A. C. 1986. Uncompressed specimens of Monograptus turriculatus (Barrande, 1850) from Cornwallis Island. CAN J EARTH SCI 23, 579–82.Google Scholar
Münch, A. 1952. Die Graptolithen aus dem anstehenden Gotlandium Deutschlands und der Tschechoslowakei. GEOLOGICA 7, 1157.Google Scholar
Murchison, R. I. 1839. The Silurian System, xxxii + 768 p. London.Google Scholar
North American Stratigraphie Code.1983. North American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature. AM ASSOC PETROL GEOL 67, 841–75.Google Scholar
Obut, A. M. & Sobolevskaya, R. F. 1965. Opisanie Graptolitov. In Obut, A. M., Sobolevskaya, R. F. & Bondarev, V. I. GRAPTOLITY SILURA TAIMYRA. AKADEMIYA NAUK SSR. SIBIRSKOE OTDELENIE INSTITUT GEOLOGII I GEOFIZIKI, 1120.Google Scholar
Obut, A. M. & Zaslavskaya, N. M. 1986. Families of Retiolitida and their phylogenetic relations. In Hughes, C. P. & Rickards, R. B. (eds.) Papeoecology and Biostratigraphy Of Graptolites. GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL NO 20, 207–19.Google Scholar
Palmer, D. 1970. Monograptus ludensis Zone graptolites from the Devilsbit Mountain District, Tipperary. SCI PROC R DUBLIN SOC, 3,32,335342.Google Scholar
Paskevičius, J. 1979. Biostratigrafiya i graptolity Silura Litvy. Vilniyus ‘Mokslas’, 1268.Google Scholar
Perry, D. G. & Chatterton, B. D. E. 1977. Silurian (Wenlockian) trilobites from Baillie-Hamilton Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. CAN J EARTH SCI 14, 285317.Google Scholar
Přibyl, A. 1941. Über einige neue Graptolithenarten aus dem böhmischen Obersilur. MITTEILUNGEN TSCHECH AKAD WISS 51,7, 110.Google Scholar
Přibyl, A. 1942. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Monograpten aus der Gruppe Monograptus flexilis. MITTEILUNGEN TSCHECH AKAD WISS 52, 5, 112.Google Scholar
Přibyl, A. 1943. Revisionaller Vertreter der Gattung Pristiograptus aus der Gruppe P. dubius und P. vulgaris aus dem böhmischen und ausländischen Silur. MITTEILUNGEN TSCHECH AKAD WISS 53, 4, 149.Google Scholar
Rickards, R. B. 1965. New Silurian graptolites from the Howgill Fells (northern England). PALAEONTOL 8, 247–71.Google Scholar
Rickards, R. B. 1967. The Wenlock and Ludlow succession in the Howgill Fells (north-west Yorkshire and Westmoreland). Q J GEOL SOC LONDON 123, 215–49.Google Scholar
Rickards, R. B. 1976. The sequence of Silurian graptolite zones in the British Isles. GEOL J 11, 153–88.Google Scholar
Rigby, J. K. & Chatterton, B. D. E. 1989. Middle Silurian Ludlovian and Wenlockian sponges from Baillie Hamilton and Cornwallis Islands, Arctic Canada. GEOL SURV CAN BULL 391, 169.Google Scholar
Schauer, M. 1968. Zur Taxionomie und Stratigraphie der Gattung Cyrtograptus (Graptolithina). FREIBURGER FORSCHUNGSHEFTE. C221. Paläontologie, 3341.Google Scholar
Sherwin, L. 1975. Silurian graptolites from the Forbes Group, New South Wales. REC GEOL SURV NEW SOUTH WALES 16, 227–37.Google Scholar
Teller, L. 1969. The Silurian biostratigraphy of Poland based on graptolites. ACTA GEOL POLONICA 19, 393501.Google Scholar
Teller, L. 1976. Morphology of some Upper Wenlockian Cyrtograptinae from Zawada 1 profile (NE Poland). ACTA GEOL POLONICA 26, 469–84.Google Scholar
Teller, L. 1986. Morphology of selected Monograptidae from the Wenlock of NE Poland. PALAEONTOGR A, 192, 5173.Google Scholar
Thorsteinsson, R. 1955. The mode of cladial generation in Cyrtograptus. GEOL MAG 92, 3749.Google Scholar
Thorsteinsson, R. 1958. Cornwallis and Little Cornwallis Islands, District of Franklin, Northwest Territories. GEOL SURV CANADA MEM 294, 1134.Google Scholar
Thorsteinsson, R. & Glenister, B. F. 1963. Driftwood Bay. In Fortier, Y. O. et al. (eds). Geology of the North Central Part of the Arctic Archipelago. GEOL SURV CAN MEM 320, 1242.Google Scholar
Törnquist, S. L. 1887. Anteckningar om de äldre Paleozoiska Leden i Ostthüringen och Vogtland. GEOLOGISKA FÖRENINGENS FÖRHANDLINGAR 9, 471492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Törnquist, S. L. 1910. Graptolitologiska bidrag. Två Cyrtograptusarter från Thüringen. GEOL FÖRENINGENS FÖRHANDLINGAR 32, 1559–75.Google Scholar
Tozer, T. E. & Thorsteinsson, R. 1964. Western Queen Elizabeth Islands, Arctic Archipelago. GEOL SURV CAN MEM 332, 1242.Google Scholar
Trettin, H. P. 1979. Middle Ordovician to Lower Devonian deep-water succession at southeastern margin of Hazen Trough, Caon Fiord, Ellesmere Island. GEOL SURV CAN BULL 272, 184.Google Scholar
Tsegelnyuk, P. D. 1976. Nekotorye graptolity Ordovika i rannego Silura Podolii. In Kaljo, D. L. & Koren', T. N. (eds) GRAPTOLITY I STRATIGRAFIYA. AKADEMIYA NAUK ESTONSKOY SSR INSITUT GEOLOGII, 234244.Google Scholar
Tullberg, S. A. 1883. Skånes Graptoliter. II. Graptolitfaunorna i Cardiolaskiffern och Cyrtograptusskifferne. SVERIGES GEOLOGISKA UNDERSÖKNING C, 55, 143.Google Scholar
Urbanek, A. & Teller, L. 1974. Sicula and thecae in Monograptus (Testograptus) testis. In Rickards, R. B., Jackson, D. E. & Hughes, C. P. (eds). Graptolite Studies in Honour of O. M. B. Bulman. SPEC PAP PALAEONTOL 13, 237–48.Google Scholar
Waterlot, G. 1945. Les graptolites du Maroc. SERVICE GEOL MAROC, NOTES ET MEMOIRES 63, 45103.Google Scholar
Wood, E. M. R. 1990. The Lower Ludlow Formation and its graptolite-fauna. Q J GEOL SOC LONDON 56, 415–92.Google Scholar
Zhang, N. 1989. Wenlock (Silurian) brachiopods of the Cape Phillips Formation, Baillie Hamilton Island, Arctic Canada. PALAEONTOGR A, part 1, Bd. 206, 4997; part 2, 99-135; part 3, Bd. 207, 1-48.Google Scholar