Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-24T16:23:26.820Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A study of the new samples of the Pliocene Hipparion (Equidae, Mammalia) from Spain and Bulgaria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2011

Maria T. Alberdi  and
Luis Alcalá
Luis Alcalá
Affiliation:
Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal, 2. 28006-Madrid, Spain
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Pliocene Hipparion from La Gloria 4, La Calera, Orrios 1 and 3, Villalba Alta Río 1, Villalba Alta (Teruel basin) and Layna (Soria province), all in Spain, and Dorkovo (Sofia, Bulgaria), are described and tested by multivariate analysis. These Spanish and Dorkovo forms are compared with the specimens from Pavlodar (large-sized) and Kalmakpai (both in Kazakhstan), Çalta (large-sized, Turkey), the Roussillon (France) and Alcoy (Spain). The faunal assemblages indicate an Early and Late Alfambrian age (Ruscinian, MN14 and MN15) for the Spanish Hipparion and Early Alfambrian (MN14) for Dorkovo specimens. Hipparion remains from Pliocene Spanish localities show a very similar structure. They are referred to Hipparion fissurae, except Orrios 1 assigned to Hipparion aff. H. fissurae and Villalba Alta classified as Hipparion cf. H. fissurae. Despite certain relationships between Hipparion from Layna and Pavlodar, the multivariate analysis confirms the independence of both forms: H. fissurae in Layna, and H. longipes in Pavlodar. The specimens from Kalmakpai present many features close or intermediate to Layna and Pavlodar forms. Finally, Hipparion from Dorkovo is determined as Hipparion cf. H. crassum. These remains have a great morphological resemblance to H. crassum from Roussillon.

Keywords

AsiaEuropefossil horsesmultivariate analysisneogenesystematics
Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 89 , Issue 3 , 1998 , pp. 167 - 186
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adrover, R. 1969. Los micromamíferos del Plioceno inferior de los lignitos de Alcoy. Boletin Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural 67, 245–72.Google Scholar
Adrover, R. 1986. Nuevas faunas de roedores en el Mio-Plioceno continental de la región de Teruel (España). lnterés biostratigráfico y paleoecológico. Teruel: Instituto de Estudios Turolenses.Google Scholar
Adrover, R., Mein, P. Moissenet, E. 1976. Mise en évidence du Pliocene moyen continental dans le nord du fossé de Teruel (Espagne): le gisement de Villalba Alta. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon 14, 11–14.Google Scholar
Adrover, R., Mein, P. Moissenet, E. 1993a. Roedores de la transición Mio-Plioceno en la región de Teruel. Paleontologia i Evolucio 26–27, 47–84.Google Scholar
Adrover, R., Mein, P. Moissenet, E. 1993b. Los Sciuridae del Turoliense superior, Rusciniense y Villanyense de la región de Teruel. Paleontologia i Evolucio 26–27, 85–106.Google Scholar
Aguirre, E., Soria, D. Morales, J. 1981. Accumulated bones in a Pliocene cave in Cerro Pelado, Spain. National Geographic Society Research Report 13, 69–81.Google Scholar
Alberdi, M. T. 1972. El género Hipparion en España, revision e historia evolutiva. Ph.D. Thesis, Universidad Complutense, Madrid.Google Scholar
Alberdi, M. T. 1974. El género Hipparion en España. Nuevas formas de Castilla y Andalucía, revisión e historia evolutiva. Trabajos Sobre Neógeno-Cuaternario 1, 1–146.Google Scholar
Alberdi, M. T. 1989. A review of Old World Hipparionine horses. In Prothero, D. R. Schoch, R. M. (eds) The evolution of Perissodactyla, 234–61. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Alberdi, M. T. Alcalá, L. 1989–1990. El género Hipparion en la fosa de Alfambra-Teruel. Paleontologia i Evolucio 23, 105–9.Google Scholar
Alberdi, M. T. Aymar, J. 1995. Etude et comparaison des restes d'Hipparion crassum Gervais (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) provenant de la nouvelle localité 'Le Soler (Lit de la Têt)', Pyrénées Orientales, France. Estudios Geologicos 51, 75–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alberdi, M. T. Bonadonna, F. P. 1988. Is the 'Ventian' a real stratigraphic stage? Mediterranea, Serie Geologica 7, 65–77.Google Scholar
Alberdi, M. T. Morales, J. 1981. Significado biostratigráfico del género Hipparion en España. Teruel 66, 61–6.Google Scholar
Alcalá, L. 1992. Macromamiferos neógenos de la fosa de Alfambra-Teruel. Ph.D. Thesis, Universidad Complutense, Madrid.Google Scholar
Alcalá, L. 1994. Macromamíferos neógenos de la fosa de Alfambrá-Teruel. Teruel: Instituto de Estudios Turolenses y Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC.Google Scholar
Alcalá, L. Montoya, P. 1994. Los Jiráfidos del Neógeno de la Fosa de Teruel. Estudios Geologicos 50, 127–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernor, R. L., Tobien, H. Woodburne, M. O. 1990. Patterns of Old World Hipparionine evolutionary diversification and biogeographic extension. In Lindsay, E. H., Fahlbusch, V. Mein, P. (eds) European Neogene Mammal Chronology, Nato ASI Series 180, 263–319. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bernor, R. L., Koufos, G. D., Woodburne, M. O. Fortelius, M. 1996. The evolutionary history and biochronology of European and Southwest Asian late Miocene and Pliocene Hipparionine horses. In Bernor, R. L., Falbusch, V. Mittmann, H. W. (eds) The Evolution of Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas, 137–54. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Bonadonna, F. P. Alberdi, M. T. 1987. The N/Q Boundary at 1.64 Ma? Mediterránea, Serie Geológica 6, 115–30.Google Scholar
Bruijn, H. De, Daams, R., Daxner-Hock, G., Fahlbusch, V., Ginsburg, L., Mein, P. Morales, J. 1992. Report of the Regional Committee Mediterranea Neogene Stratigraphy working group on fossil mammals, Reisenburg 1990. Newsletter Stratigraphy 26, 65–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cerling, T. E., Wang, Y. Quade, J. 1993. Expansion of C4 ecosystems as an indicator of global ecological change in the Late Miocene. Nature 361, 344–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cerling, T. E., Harris, J. M., MacFadden, B. J., Leakey, M. G., Quade, J., Eisenmann, V. Ehleringer, J. R. 1997. Global vegetation change through the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. Nature 389, 153–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christol, J. de 1832. Description. Annales Science L'Industrie du Midi de la France 1, 180–1.Google Scholar
Crusafont, M. Sondaar, P. 1971. Une nouvelle espèce d'Hipparion du Pliocène Terminal d'Espagne. Palaeoverlebrata 4, 59–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Depéret, C. 1890. Animaux Pliocénes du Rousillon. Memoires de la Société Géologique de France 3, 76–83.Google Scholar
Eisenmann, V. 1984. Sur quelques caractères adaptatifs du squelette d'Equus et leurs implications paléoécologiques. Bulletin du Museum Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 4 Ser. 6C, 185–95.Google Scholar
Eisenmann, V. 1995. What metapodial morphometry has to say about some Miocene Hipparions. In Vrba, E. S., Denton, G. H., Partridge, T. C. Burckle, L. H. (eds) Paleoclimate and Evolution, with Emphasis on Human Origins, 148–63. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Eisenmann, V. Mein, P. 1996. Revision of the faunal list and study of Hipparion (Equidae, Perissodactyla, Mammalia) of the Pliocene locality of La Gloria 4 (Spain). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 39, 121–30.Google Scholar
Eisenmann, V. Sondaar, P. 1989. Hipparions and the Mio-Pliocene boundary. Bollettino della Societá Paleontologica Italiana 28, 217–26.Google Scholar
Eisenmann, V., Alberdi, M. T., De Giuli, C. Staesche, U. 1988. Collected papers after the 'New York International Hipparion Conference, 1981'. In Woodburne, M. Sondaar, P. (eds) Studying Fossil Horses, 1, Methodology, 1–77. Leiden: E.J. Brill.Google Scholar
Fejfar, O., Mein, P. Moissenet, E. 1990. Early arvicolids from the Ruscinian (Early Pliocene) of the Teruel Basin, Spain. International Symposium of Evolution, Phytogeny, Biostratigraphy of Arvicolids, Prague, 133–64.Google Scholar
Forsten, A. 1968. Revision of the Palearctic Hipparion. Acta Zoologica Fennica 119, 1–131.Google Scholar
Forsten, A. 1997. A review of Central Asiatic hipparions (Perissodactyla, Equidae). Acta Zoologica Fennica 205, 1–26.Google Scholar
Gabunya, L. K. (ed.) 1959. Histoire du genre Hipparion, trans. de Saint-Aubin, J.. Academy of Sciences, URSS 570 pp.Google Scholar
Gray, J. E. 1821. On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals. London Medical Repository 15, 296–310.Google Scholar
Gromova, V. 1952. Le genre Hipparion. Trudy Paleontological Institut, URSS 36, 1–478; trans. de Saint-Aubin, J..Google Scholar
Hay, O. P. 1902. Bibliography and catalogue of the fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin U.S. Geological Survey 179, 1–868.Google Scholar
Heintz, E., Ginsburg, L. Sen, S. 1975. Hipparion longipes GROMOVA du Pliocène de Çalta (Ankara, Turquie), le plus dolichopodial des Hipparions. Proceedings of the Konninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen B78, 77–82.Google Scholar
Koufos, G. D. 1980. Paleontological and stratigraphical study of the continental neogene deposits of the Axios basin. Scientific Annals, Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, University of Thessaloniki 19, 1–322.Google Scholar
Koufos, G. D. 1987. Study of the Turolian Hipparions of the Lower Axios Valley (Macedonia, Greece). 1. Locality 'Ravin de Zouaves-5' (RZO). Geobios 20, 293–312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacFadden, B. J. Shockey, B. J. 1997. Ancient feeding ecology and niche differentiation of Pleistocene mammalian herbivores from Tarija, Bolivia: morphological and isotopic evidence. Paleobiology 23, 77–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Made J., Van Belinchón, M. 1991. Korynochoerus palaeochoerus from the Uppermost Miocene of Alcoy. Revista Española de Paleontologia Extra, 173–80.Google Scholar
Mein, P. 1990. Updating of MN Zones. In Lindsay, E. H., Fahlbusch, V. Mein, P. (eds) European Neogene Mammal Chronology, Nato ASI Series 180, 73–90. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mein, P. Aymar, J. 1984. Découvertes recentes de mammifères dans le Pliocène du Roussillon. Note préliminaire. Nouvelles Archives du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Lyon 22, 69–71.Google Scholar
Mein, P., Moissenet, E. Adrover, R. 1989–1990. Biostratigraphie du Néogène Supérieur du bassin de Teruel. Paleontologia i Evolucio 23, 121–39.Google Scholar
Mourer-Chauviré, C. Sánchez, Marco A. 1988. Présence de Tyto balearica (Aves, Strigiformes) dans les gisements continentaux du Pliocène de France et d'Espagne. Geobios 21, 639–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Orlov, J. A. 1936. Fundort der 'Hipparion' fauna am Irtysch in der Stadt Pavlodar (W. Siberien). Travaux Institut of Paleozoology, Academy of Sciences, URSS 5, 155–9.Google Scholar
Owen, R. 1848. Description of teeth and portions of jaws of two extinct anthracotherioid quadrupeds … discovered … in the Eocene deposits on the NW coast of the Isle of Wight. Quarterly Journal of Geology Society of London 4, 103–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pérez, B. 1987. Paleoecologia del yacimiento cárstico Plioceno de Layna (provincia de Soria). Unpublished Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.Google Scholar
Pérez, B. Soria, D. 1989–1990. Análisis de las comunidades de mamíferos del Plioceno de Layna (Soria). Paleontologia i Evolucio 23, 231–7.Google Scholar
Pevzner, M. A. Vangengeim, E. A. 1990. The position of the Neogene key mammalian localities of the USSR on the magnetochronological scale. IX Reginal Committee on Mediterranean Neogene Stratigraphy Congress, Barcelona, 267–8. Barcelona: Institut Paleontològic Dr. M. Crusafont, Sabadell.Google Scholar
Prat, F. 1957. Sur la discrimination des phalanges antérieures et postérieures d'Equidés. Proces-Verbaux de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux 97, 22–5.Google Scholar
Sánchez, Marco A. 1989–1990. A new bustard (Otididae; Aves) from the Early Pliocene of Layna (Soria, Spain). Paleontologia i Evolucio 23, 223–9.Google Scholar
Sen, S., Heintz, E. 1977. Principaux résultats de l'étude des Rongeurs pliocènes de Çalta (Ankara, Turquia). Comptes-Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Paris, II 284, 17–20.Google Scholar
Sotnikova, M. V. 1992. A new species of 'Machairodus' from the Late Miocene Kalmakpai locality in eastern Kazakhstan (USSR). Annales Zoologica Fennica 28, 361–9.Google Scholar
Szyndlar, Z. 1988. Two new extinct species of the genera Malpolon and Vipera (Reptilia, Serpentes) from the Pliocene of Layna (Spain). Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia 31, 687–706.Google Scholar
Thaler, L., Crusafont, M. Adrover, R. 1965. Les premiers micromammifères du Pliocène d'Espagne; précisions chronologiques et biogéographiques sur la faune d'Alcoy. Comptes-Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Paris, II 260, 4024–7.Google Scholar
Thomas, H., Spassov, N., Kodjumdgieva, E., Poidevin, J.-L., Popov, V., Sen, S., Tassy, P. Visset, D. 1986. Preliminary results of the first Bulgarian-French paleontological research project at Dorkovo (Pazardjik district, Bulgaria). Comptes-Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences Paris, II 302, 1037–42.Google Scholar
Weerd A., van de 1976. Rodent faunas of the Mio-Pliocene continental sediments of the Teruel-Alfambra region, Spain. Utrecht Micropaleontological Bulletin, Special Publication 2, 1–185.Google Scholar
Wood, H. E. 1937. Perissodactyl suborders. Journal of Mammalogy 18, 106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhegallo, V. I. 1978. Hipparion of Central Asia. Trudy sovneztnol. Sovetsko—Mongolskoi Paleontol. Eksp. 7, 1–152 [in Russian].Google Scholar