Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-fscjk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T07:23:43.971Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

III.—The Petrology of Iceland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2012

G. W. Tyrrell  and
Martin A. Peacock
G. W. Tyrrell
Affiliation:
Lecturer in Geology, University, Glasgow
Martin A. Peacock
Affiliation:
Carnegie Research Fellow, University, Glasgow.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Kainozoic eruptives, preponderantly of basaltic composition, occupy parts of Scotland, Ireland, Greenland, Spitsbergen, and King Charles Land, the major part of Franz Josef Land, and the entirety of Iceland, the Faeroes, and Jan Mayen. These regions have been grouped together as the Thulean or Brito-Arctic Petrographic Province (fig. l); they represent the relics of an extensive basaltic plateau-land, the greater part of which foundered beneath the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans in late Kainozoic times. By virtue of its size, central position, diversity, and accessibility, Iceland is perhaps the most instructive region in the whole province. The interest in that country is heightened, furthermore, by the fact that whereas in all the other regions mentioned, with the exception of Jan Mayen, vulcanicity expired before the advent of the Pleistocene and did not recur, Iceland became the theatre of a vigorous resumption of igneous activity which took place in Early-glacial times, and has continued uninterruptedly to the present day.

Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 55 , Issue 1 , 1927 , pp. 51 - 76
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1927

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1900. Barus, C., “Hot Water and Soft Glasses in their Thermodynamic Relations,” Amer. Journ. Sci., lxix, pp. 161–75, figs. 1–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1847. Bunsen, R., “Beitrag zur Kenntniss des Isländischen Tuffgebirges,” Annal. Chem. u. Pharm., lxi, pp. 265–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1851. Bunsen, R., “Ueber die Prozesse der vulkanischen Gesteinbildungen Islands,” N. Jahrb. f. Min., 1851, pp. 537–884.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1925. Campbell, R., and Lunn, J. W., “Chlorophæite in the Dolerites (Tholeiites) of Dalmahoy and Kaimes Hills, Edinburgh,” Min. Mag., xx, pp. 435–40, figs. 1, 2.Google Scholar
1905. Emerson, B. K., “Plumose Diabase and Palagonite from the Holyoke Trap Sheet,” Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., xvi, pp. 91–130, pls. xxiv–xxxii.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1925. Fermor, L. L., “On the Basaltic Lavas penetrated by the Deep Boring for Coal at Bhusawal, Bombay Presidency,” Rec. Geol. Surv. India, lviii (II), pp. 93–240, fig. 1, 2, pls. iv–x.Google Scholar
1916. Hawkes, L., “The Building-up of the North Atlantic Volcanic Plateau,” Geol. Mag., (vi), iii, pp. 385–95, pl. xvi.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1920. Holmes, A., The Nomenclature of Petrology, London.Google Scholar
1921. Larsen, E. S., “The Microscopic Determination of the Non-opaque Minerals,” Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv., No. 679, 294 pp., figs. 1–14, pl. i.Google Scholar
1891. Murray, J., and Renard, A. F., Report on Deep-sea Deposits, based on the Specimens collected during the Voyage of H.M.S. “Challenger” in the Years 1872–76, London, xxix + 525 pp., figs., pls., charts, and maps.Google Scholar
1909. Niedzwiedzki, J., “Zur Mineralogisehen Terminologie,” Centralb. f. Min., 1909, pp. 661–63.Google Scholar
1924–1925. (A)—Peacock, M. A., “The Geology of Iceland : the Pioneer Work of a Scottish Geologist,” Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasg., xvii, pp. 185–203.Google Scholar
(B) Peacock, M. A., “A Contribution to the Petrography of Iceland : being a Description of the Mackenzie Collection of 1810,” ibid., pp. 271–333, figs. 17–21, pls. iii, iv.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1926. Peacock, M. A., “The Geology of Viðey, S.W. Iceland: a Record of Igneous Action in Glacial Times,” Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., liv, pp. 441–65, figs. 1—11, pl. i.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1879. Penck, A., “Ueber Palagonit- und Basalttuffe,” Z d. g. G., xxxi, pp. 504–77.Google Scholar
1917. Rogers, A. F., “A Review of the Amorphous Minerals,” Journ. Geol., xxv, pp. 515–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1908. Rosenbusch, H., Mikroskopische Physiographie der Massigen Gesteine: II, Ergussgesteine, Stuttgart, ix + 717–1592 pp., pls. i–iv.Google Scholar
1924. Schott, G., and Linck, G., “Ueber die Hydration natürlicher und Künstlicher Gläser,” Kolloid-Zeitschr., xxxiv, pp. 113–16, figs. 1–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
1879. Teall, J. J. H., and Newton, E. T., “Notes on a Collection of Rocks and Fossils made by the Jackson-Harmsworth Expedition during 1894–96,” Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., liii, pp. 477–518, pls. xxxvii–xlvi.Google Scholar
1925. Wadia, D. N., “Palagonite-bearing Dolerite from Nagpur: Suggestion regarding the Nature and Origin of Palagonite,” Rec. Geol. Surv. India, lvii (III), pp. 338–43, pl. ii.Google Scholar
1847. Waltershausen, W. Sartorius von, “Physisch-geographische Skizze von Island mit besonderer Rucksicht auf vulkanische Erscheinungen,” Gött. Stud. (Krische), I, pp. 321–60.Google Scholar
1917. Washington, H. S., “Chemical Analyses of Igneous Rocks published from 1884–1913 inclusive, with a Critical Discussion of the Character and Uses of Analyses,” U.S. Geol. Surv., Prof. Paper, 99, 1201 pp.Google Scholar
1922. Washington, H. S., “Deccan Traps and other Plateau Basalts,” Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., xxxiii, pp. 765–804.CrossRefGoogle Scholar