Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-23T07:27:50.142Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

XXXIII.—The Sequence of Floras in the Upper Carboniferous, with special reference to South Wales

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2012

Emily Dix
Emily Dix
Affiliation:
Bedford College for Women, London.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In 1925 Professor A. E. Trueman handed to the writer a copy of Professor Bertrand's paper, “Les Zones Végétales du Terrain Houiller du Nord de la France” (1914, p. 208), with the suggestion that it would be interesting to find out whether the succession of plants in South Wales is similar to that of the North of France, and to determine whether Bertrand's zones can be applied to the Coal Measures of South Wales. Since that time every opportunity has been taken to collect fossil plants from known horizons in South Wales and other coalfields. In addition, specimens have been examined in all the important museums and private collections, and in particular in the collections of the late Dr R. Kidston, which are now preserved in the Museum of Practical Geology.

Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 57 , Issue 3 , 1934 , pp. 789 - 838
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1934

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References to Literature

Arber, E. A. N., 1904. “The Fossil Flora of the Culm Measures of North-West Devon, and the Palæobotanical Evidence with Regard to the Age of the Beds,” Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., B, vol. cxcvii, p. 291.Google Scholar
Arber, E. A. N., 1907. “On the Upper Carboniferous Rocks of West Devon and North Cornwall,” Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. lxiii, p. 1.Google Scholar
Arber, E. A. N., 1911. “On the Fossil Flora of the Southern Portion of the Yorkshire Coalfield in North Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire,” Proc. Yorks. Geol. Soc., new series, vol. xvii, pt. 2 (1910), p. 132.Google Scholar
Arber, E. A. N., 1916. “The Structure of the South Staffordshire Coalfield, with special reference to the Concealed Areas of the Neighbouring Fields,” Trans. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. lii, p. 35.Google Scholar
Arber, E. A. N., 1920. “On the Fossil Flora of the Southern Portion of the Yorkshire Coalfield. Part II—North Derbyshire,” Proc. Yorks. Geol. Soc., new series, vol. xix, pt. 5, p. 350.Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., 1914. “Les Zones Végétales du Terrain Houiller du Nord de la France,” Ann. Soc. géol. Nord, vol. xliii, p. 208.Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., 1918. “Les grandes divisions paléontologiques du Stéphanien du bassin de la Loire,” C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. clxvii, p. 689.Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., 1922. “Sur les flores houillères de la Sarre,” C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, t. clxxv, p. 770.Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., 1925. “Succession Régulière des Zones Végétales dans les Bassins Houillers Français,” Cong. géol. intern., vol. xiii (Belgium, 1922), p. 599.Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., 1928 (a). “Stratigraphie du Westphalien et du Stephanien dans les Différents Bassins Houillers Français,” Cong. Strat. Carb., Heerlen, 1927, p. 93.Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., 1928 (b). “Valeur des Flores pour la Caractérisation des différentes Assises du Terrain Houiller et pour les Synchronisations de Bassin à, Bassin,” Cong. Strat. Carb., Heerlen, 1927, p. 103.Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., 1928 (c). “L'Echelle Stratigraphique du Terrain Houiller de la Sarre et de la Lorraine,” Cong. Strat. Carb., Heerlen, 1927, p. 83.Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., 1930. “Études des Gîtes Minéraux de la France, Bassin Houiller de la Sarre et de la Lorraine. 1. Flore Fossile, 1er Fase., Neuroptéridées.” Lille.Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., 1931. “Notes issued to Members of the Palœobotanical Excursion to the St Etienne and Gard Coalfields.”Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., 1932. “Études des Gîtes Minéraux de la France, Bassin Houiller de la Sarre et de la Lorraine. 1. Flore Fossile, 2. Fasc., Aléthoptéridées.” Lille.Google Scholar
Bertrand, P., and Corsin, P., 1931. “Excursion dans les Houillers Anglais,” Ann. Soc. géol. Nord, p. 207.Google Scholar
Bisat, W. S., 1928. “The Carboniferous Goniatite Zones of England and their Continental Equivalents,” Cong. Strat. Carb., Heerlen, 1927, p. 117.Google Scholar
Bisat, W. S., 1930. “On the Goniatite and Nautiloid Faunas of England and Wales,” Summ. Prog. Geol. Surv. (1929), pt. 3, p. 75.Google Scholar
Bode, H., 1927. “Palæobotanisch-stratigraphische Studien im Ibbenbürener Carbon,” Abhand. Preuss. Geol. Landes., N.F., Heft cvi.Google Scholar
Corsin, P., 1932. “Guide Paléontologique dans le Terrain Houiller du Nord de la France,” Trav. Mém. Univ. Lille, Fasc. 5.Google Scholar
Crookall, R., 1925. “On the Fossil Flora of the Bristol and Somerset Coalfield,” Geol. Mag., vol. lxii, pp. 145 and 385.Google Scholar
Crookall, R., 1929. “Flora and Stratigraphy of the Bristol and Somerset Coalfield,” Summ. Prog. Geol. Surv. (1928), pt. 2, p. 56.Google Scholar
Crookall, R., 1930. “The Plant Horizons Represented in the Barren Coal Measures of Devon, Cornwall and Somerset,” Proc. Cotteswold Nat. Field Club, vol. xxiv, pt. 1, p. 27.Google Scholar
Crookall, R., 1931 (a). “A Critical Revision of Kidston's Coal Measure Floras,” Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edin., vol. xxii, p. 1.Google Scholar
Crookall, R., 1931 (b). “Correlation of the British and French Upper Coal Measures,” Summ, Prog. Geol. Surv. (1930), pt, 3, p. 62.Google Scholar
Crookall, R., 1932 (a). “Coal Measures Terminology,” The Naturalist, pp. 111–114, 137–140, 175–176.Google Scholar
Crookall, R., 1932 (b). “The British Coal Measure Floras,” Ann. Bot., vol. xlvi, No. 184, p. 733.Google Scholar
Crookall, R., 1932 (c). “The Stratigraphical Distribution of British Lower Carboniferous Plants,” Summ. Proy. Geol. Surv. (1931), p. 70.Google Scholar
Crookall, R., 1932 (d). “The Supposed ‘Lanarkian’ in Shropshire,” The Naturalist, p. 37.Google Scholar
Davies, D., 1921. “On the Ecology of the Westphalian and the Lower Part of the Staffordian Series of Clydach Vale and Gilfach Goch (East Glamorgan),” Quart, Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. lxxvii, p. 30.Google Scholar
Davies, D., 1929. “Correlation and Palæontology of the Coal Measures in East Glamorganshire,” Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., B, vol. ccxvii, p. 91.Google Scholar
Davies, D. Farr, Dix, E., and Trueman, A. E., 1928. “Boreholes in Cwmgorse Valley,” Proc. S. Wales Inst. Eng., vol. xliv, p. 37.Google Scholar
Davies, J. H., and Trueman, A. E., 1927. “A Revision of the Non-Marine Lamellibranchs of the Coal Measures and a Discussion of their Zonal Sequence,” Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. lxxxiii, p. 210.Google Scholar
Dix, E., 1928. “The Coal Measures of the Gwendraeth Valley, etc.,” Proc S. Wales Inst. Eng., vol. xliv, p. 423.Google Scholar
Dix, E., 1930. “Notes and Records: A Rare Plant from the Coal Measures of South Wales,” Proc. Swansea Sci. Field Nat. Soc., p. 98.Google Scholar
Dix, E., 1931 (a). “Discussion on the Value of Carboniferous and Permian Plants as Stratigraphical Indices,” Report Proc. Fifth Intern. Bot, Cong. Cambridge, 1930, p. 490.Google Scholar
Dix, E., 1931 (b). “The Flora of the Upper Part of the Coal Measures of North Staffordshire,” Quart, Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. lxxxvii, p. 160.Google Scholar
Dix, E., 1932. “On a Sporocarp probably attached to a Frond of Neuropteris schlehani Stur,” Ann. Bot., vol. xlvi, p. 1065.Google Scholar
Dix, E., and Trueman, A. E., 1924. “Correlation of the Coal Measures of the Western Portion of the South Wales Coalfield. Part II—The Coal Measures of North Gower,” Proc. S. Wales Inst. Eng., vol. xl, p. 352.Google Scholar
Dix, E., and Trueman, A. E., 1929. “The Zone of Anthracomya tenuis in the Somerset Coalfield,” Geol. Mag., vol. lxvi, p. 499.Google Scholar
Dix, E., and Trueman, A. E., 1931. “Some Non-Marine Lamellibranchs from the Upper Part of the Coal Measures,” Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. lxxxvii, p. 180.Google Scholar
Dix, E., and Trueman, A. E., 1932. “Symposium on the Relations of the Millstone Grit to the Carboniferous Limestone,” Report Brit. Assoc. York, 1932, p. 326.Google Scholar
Dix, E., Pringle, J., and Trueman, A. E., 1930. “The Significance of the Term ‘Lanarkian Series,’” The Naturalist, p. 321.Google Scholar
Goode, R. H., 1913. “On the Fossil Flora of the Pembrokeshire Portion of the South Wales Coalfield,” Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. lxix, p. 252.Google Scholar
Gothan, W., 1913. “Die Oberschlesische Steinkohlenflora. 1. Teil. Farne und farnähnliche Gewächse (Cycadofilices besw. Pteridospermen),” Abhand. Preuss. Geol. Landes., N.F., Heft lxxv, p. 1.Google Scholar
Gothan, W., 1929. “Die Steinkohlenflora der westlichen paralischen Carbonreviere Deutschlands,” Arbeit. Inst. Paläobot. Preuss. Geol. Landes., Band i, Heft i, p. 1.Google Scholar
Gothan, W., 1931 (a). “Die Steinkohlenflora der westlichen paralischen Carbonreviere Deutschlands,” Arbeit. Inst. Paläobot. Preuss. Geol. Landes., Band i, Heft ii, p. 50.Google Scholar
Gothan, W., 1931 (b). “Der Wert der karbonischen und permischen Flora als Leitfossilien,” Palœont. Zeits., Band xiii, p. 298.Google Scholar
Gothan, W., and Haack, W., 1924. “Ruhrkarbon und Osnabrücker Karbon,” Glückauf, Berg- und Hüttenmännischen Zeitschrift, Jahrg. lx, p. 535.Google Scholar
Hahne, C., 1931. “Die Stratigraphie der Walhorner und Stolberger Schichten des Indegebietes bei Aachen,” Jahr. Preuss. Geol. Landes. (1930), Band li, p. 759.Google Scholar
Hopkins, W., 1929. “The Distribution and Sequence of the Non-Marine Lamellibranchs in the Coal Measures of Northumberland and Durham,” Trans. Inst. Min. Eng., vol. lxxviii, p. 126.Google Scholar
Jongmans, W. J., 1928 (a). “Stratigraphie van het Karboon in het Algemeen en van Limburg in het Bijzonder,” Meded. Geol. Bureau Nederlandsche Mijngebied, No. 6, p. 1.Google Scholar
Jongmans, W. J., 1928 (b). “Stratigraphische Untersuchungen im Karbon von Limburg (Niederlande),” Cong. Strat. Carb., Heerlen, 1927, p. 355.Google Scholar
Jordan, H. K., 1910. “The South Wales Coalfield, Part II,” Proc. S. Wales Inst. Eng., vol. xxvii, p. 1.Google Scholar
Kendall, P. F., 1930. “A Comment on the Significance of the Term ‘Lanarkian Series,’” The Naturalist, p. 387.Google Scholar
Kidston, R., 1890–1896. “The Yorkshire Carboniferous Flora.” 1890 (First Report), Trans. Yorks. Nat. Union, pt. 14, pp. 3–65. 1893 (Second, Third, and Fourth Reports), ibid., pt. 18, pp. 65–128. 1896 (Fifth Report), ibid., pt. 19, pp. 129–144. 1898 (Sixth Report), ibid., pt. 21, pp. 147–176.Google Scholar
Kidston, R., 1893–1894. “On the Fossil Flora of the South Wales Coalfield and the Relationship of its Strata to the Somerset and Bristol Coalfield,” Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xxxvii, pt. 3, p. 565.Google Scholar
Kidston, R., 1894. “On the Various Divisions of the Carboniferous Rocks, etc.,” Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edin., vol. xii, p. 183.Google Scholar
Kidston, R., 1896. “On the Fossil Flora of the Yorkshire Coalfield,” Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xxxviii, pt. 2, No. 5, p. 203.Google Scholar
Kidston, R., 1897. “On the Fossil Flora of the Yorkshire Coalfield,” Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xxxix, pt. 1, No. 5, p. 33.Google Scholar
Kidston, R., 1905. “On the Divisions and Correlations of the Upper Portion of the Coal Measures, etc.,” Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., lxi, p. 308.Google Scholar
Kidston, R., 1914. “On the Fossil Flora of the Staffordshire Coalfields. Part III—The Fossil Flora of the Westphalian Series of the South Staffordshire Coalfield,” Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. 1, pt. 1, No. 5, p. 74.Google Scholar
Kidston, R., 1923–1925. “Fossil Plants of the Carboniferous Rocks of Great Britain,” Mem. Geol. Surv. Gt. Brit., Palæont., vol. ii.Google Scholar
Lang, W. D., 1914. “The Geology of the Charmouth Cliffs, Beach and Fore-shore,” Proc. Geol. Assoc., vol. xxv, p. 293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macgregor, M., 1930. “Scottish Carboniferous Stratigraphy,” Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow, vol. xviii, p. 442.Google Scholar
Memoirs OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. “The Geology of the South Wales Coalfield.” Part I—“The Country around Newport,” 2nd ed., 1909; Part VII—“The Country around Ammanford,” 1907: Part VIII—“The Country around Swansea,” 1907; Part XI—“The Country around Haverfordwest,” 1914: Part XII—“The Country around Milford,” 1916.Google Scholar
Pruvost, P., 1930. “La Faune Continentale du Terrain Houiller de la Belgique,” Mém. Mus. Roy. Hist. Nat. Belg., vol. xliv, p. 105.Google Scholar
Renier, A., 1908. “Note sur la flore de l'assise moyenne (HIb) de l'étage inférieur du terrain houiller,” Ann. Soc. géol. Belg., vol. xxxv, p. 116.Google Scholar
Renier, A., 1919. “Les Gisements Houillers de la Belgique,” Ann. Min. Belg., t. xx, p. 227.Google Scholar
Renier, A., 1922. “Stratigraphie du Westphalia,” Cong. geol. intern. Livret Guide XIII, Excursion C 4, p. 23.Google Scholar
Renier, A., 1928. “Un Nouveau Tableau Synoptique des Echelles Stratigraphiques des Bassins Houillers de la Belgique,” Cong. Strat. Carb., Heerlen, 1927, p. 571.Google Scholar
Renier, A., 1930. “Considérations sur la Stratigraphie du Terrain Houiller de la Belgique,” Mém. Mus. Roy. Hist. Nat. Belg., vol. xliv, p. 1.Google Scholar
Rowlands, T. H., 1925. “Correlation of the Coal Measures in the Western Portion of the South Wales Coalfield. Part III—The Upper Part of the Pennant Series of the Swansea District,” Proc. S. Wales Inst. Eng., vol. xli, p. 257.Google Scholar
Trueman, A. E., 1928. “Some Problems in the Classification of the Upper Carboniferous Rocks of Great Britain,” Cong. Strat. Carb., Heerlen, 1927, p. 733.Google Scholar
Trueman, A. E., 1932. “Coal Measure Floras,” Geol. Mag., vol. lxix, p. 46.Google Scholar
Trueman, A. E., 1933. “A suggested Correlation of the Coal Measures of England and Wales,” Proc. S. Wales Inst. Eng., vol. xlix, p. 63.Google Scholar
Walton, J., 1932. “The Black Bed at Bradley Park, Huddersfield,” The Naturalist, p. 304.Google Scholar
Ware, W. D., 1930. “The Geology of the Cefn Coed Sinkings,” Proc. S. Wales Inst. Eng., vol. xlvi, p. 453.Google Scholar
Wehrli, H., 1931. “Die Fauna der westfälischen Stufen A und B der Bochumer Mulde Zwischen Dortmund und Kamen (Westfalen)” Palœontographica, Band lxxiv, p. 93.Google Scholar
Wray, D. A., 1929. “The Carboniferous Succession in the Central Pennine Area,” Proc. Yorks. Geol. Soc. new series, vol. xxi, p. 228.Google Scholar
Wray, D. A., 1932. “The Major Subdivisions of the Coal Measures in Yorkshire,” Summ. Prog. Geol. Surv. (1931), pt. 2, p. 56.Google Scholar
Wray, D. A., and Trueman, A. E., 1931. “The Non-Marine Lamellibranchs of the Upper Carboniferous of Yorkshire and their Zonal Sequence,” Summ. Prog. Geol. Surv. (1930), pt. 3, p. 70.Google Scholar
Zalessky, M. D., 1928. “Essai d'une Division du Terrain houiller du Bassin du Donetz d'aprés sa Flore fossile,” Cong. Strat. Carb., Heerlen, 1927, p. 805.Google Scholar