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An investigation of the Encrinurinae (Trilobita) by numerical taxonomic methods

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2012

J. T. Temple  and
R. P. Tripp
J. T. Temple
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Birkbeck College, London
R. P. Tripp
Affiliation:
British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London
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Synopsis

Numerical taxonomic methods are applied to the Encrinurinae (Trilobita). Thirty-five cranidial and pygidial attributes are defined of which some (e.g. those relating to the glabellar tubercles) are specific to encrinurines and cybelines while others have application to non-encrinurids. Of nearly 200 named species of Encrinurinae only about one-third have been described in the literature in sufficient detail for their cranidial and pygidial attribute states be coded: a much smaller proportion of species is well enough known for librigenal, rostral, hypostomal and thoracic attributes to be coded. A comprehensive numerical taxonomy of the subfamily must therefore await detailed description of most of the known species. A list is given of encrinurine species in need of re-investigation. Meanwhile, 63 species can be coded for 34 attributes, and 75 species for 28 attributes. Principal components analysis is used to produce ordinations of these species. The minimal spanning tree superimposed on the ordination suggests possible evolutionary lineages. Ordination of the attributes is by non-linear mapping based on a distance matrix derived from the inter-attribute correlation matrix by the transformation (tanh−1 |r|)−1. The ordinations compare well with subjective assessments of relations and phylogenies.

Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 70 , Issue 10-12 , 1979 , pp. 223 - 250
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1979

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