Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T01:14:01.790Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Politics of Race and Science: Conservative Colorblindness and the Limits of Liberal Critique

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 May 2015

Dorothy E. Roberts
Dorothy E. Roberts*
Affiliation:
Law School, Department of Africana Studies, Department of Sociology, University of Pennsylvania
*
*Corresponding author: Professor Dorothy E. Roberts, University of Pennsylvania School of Law, 3501 Sansom Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
State of the Discourse
Information
Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race , Volume 12 , Issue 1 , Spring 2015 , pp. 199 - 211
Copyright
Copyright © Hutchins Center for African and African American Research 2015 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Alexander, Michelle (2010). The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. New York: New Press.Google Scholar
Batai, Ken and Kittles, Rick A. (2013). Race, Genetic Ancestry, and Health. Race and Social Problems, 5(2): 81–87.Google Scholar
Baye, T. M. and Wilke, R. A. (2010). Mapping Genes That Predict Treatment Outcomes in Admixed Populations. Pharmacogenomics Journal, 10: 465–477.Google Scholar
Beaver, Kevin M., DeLisi, Matt, Vaughn, Michael G., and Barnes, J. C. (2010). Mono-amine Oxidase: A Genotype is Associated with Gang Membership and Weapon Use. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 51(2): 130–134.Google Scholar
Bliss, Catherine (2012). Race Decoded: The Genomic Fight for Social Justice. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bloche, Greg (2004). Race-based Therapeutics. New England Journal of Medicine, 351: 2035–2037Google Scholar
Bolnick, Deborah A. (2008). Individual Ancestry Inference and the Reification of Race as A Biological Phenomenon. In Koenig, Barbara, Lee, Sandra, and Richardson, Sarah (Eds.), Revisiting Race in a Genomic Age, pp. 70–88. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo (2003). Racism without Racists: Color-Blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in the United States. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.Google Scholar
Burchard, E. G., Ziv, E., Coyle, N., Gomez, S. L., Tang, H., Karter, A. J., Mountain, J. L., Perez-Stable, E. J., Sheppard, D., and Risch, N. (2003). The Importance of Race and Ethnic Background in Biomedical Research and Clinical Practice. New England Journal of Medicine, 348: 1170–1175.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Comfort, Nathaniel (2014). Under the Skin. Nature, 513: 306–307.Google Scholar
Coop, Graham, Eisen, Michael B., Nielsen, Rasmus, Przeworski, Molly, Rosenberg, Noah (2014). Letter: “A Troublesome Inheritance.” Sunday Book Review, The New York Times, August 8. <http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/10/books/review/letters-a-troublesome-inheritance.html?_r=0> (accessed December 15, 2014).Google Scholar
Cooper, Richard S., Kaufman, Jay S., Ward, Ryk (2003). Race and Genomics. New England Journal of Medicine, 348: 1166–1170Google Scholar
Duster, Troy (1990). Backdoor to Eugenics. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Duster, Troy (2001). Buried Alive: The Concept of Race in Science. The Chronicle of Higher Education, 48(3), September 14, B11–12.Google Scholar
Fontaine, Smokey (2009). “Gang-Banging May Be Genetic.” News One, June 17. <http://newsone.com/211471/gang-banging-may-be-genetic/> (accessed December 15, 2014).Google Scholar
Freese, Jeremy (2011). Integrating Genomic Data and Social Science: Challenges and Opportunities. Politics and the Life Sciences, 30: 88–92.Google Scholar
Fuentes, Agustín (2014). The Troublesome Ignorance of Nicholas Wade. Huffington Post, May 19 <http://www.huffingtonpost.com/agustin-fuentes/the-troublesome-ignorance-of-nicholas-wade_b_5344248.html> (accessed December 15, 2014).Google Scholar
Fujimura, Joan H. and Rajagopalan, Ramya (2011). Different Differences: The Use of “Genetic Ancestry” versus Race in Biomedical Human Genetic Research. Social Studies of Science, 41: 5–30.Google Scholar
Fujimura, Joan H., Bolnick, Deborah A., Rajagopalan, Ramya, Kaufman, Jay S., Lewontin, Richard C., Dustuer, Troy, Ossorio, Pilar, and Marks, Jonathan (2014). Clines Without Classes: How to Make Sense of Human Variation. Sociological Theory, 32(3): 208–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fullwiley, Duana (2007). The Molecularization of Race: Institutionalizing Human Difference in Pharmacogenetics Practice. Science as Culture, 16: 1–30.Google Scholar
Ghosh, Pallab (2014). DNA Yields Secrets of Human Pioneer, BBC News, Oct. 22 <http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-29649499> (accessed December 15, 2014).Google Scholar
Gilroy, Paul (2005). Postcolonial Melancholia. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Gould, Stephen J. (1981). The Mismeasure of Man. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Graves, Jospeph L. (2003). The Emperor’s New Clothes: Biological Theories of Race at the Millennium. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Graves, Joseph L. (2004). The Race Myth: Why We Pretend Race Exists in America. New York: Dutton.Google Scholar
Guo, Guang, Fu, Yilan, Lee, Hedwig, Cai, Tianji, and Harris, Kathleen Mullan (2014). Genetic Bio-Ancestry and Social Construction of Racial Classification in Social Surveys in the Contemporary United States. Demography, 51: 141–172.Google Scholar
Hammonds, Evelynn M. and Herzig, Rebecca M. (2009). The Nature of Difference: Sciences of Race in the United States from Jefferson to Genomics. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Herrnstein, Richard and Murray, Charles A. (1994). The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
HoSang, Daniel Martinez (2014). On Racial Speculation and Racial Science: A Response to Shiao et al. Sociological Theory, 32(3): 228–243.Google Scholar
Hunt, Linda M. and Megyesi, Mary S. (2008). The Ambiguous Meanings of the Racial/Ethnic Categories Routinely Used in Human Genetics Research. Social Science and Medicine, 66(2): 349–361.Google Scholar
Jasanoff, Shiela (2004). States of Knowledge: The Co-Production of Science and the Social Order. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Jones, David S. (2013). How Personalized Medicine Became Genetic, and Racial: Werner Kalow and the Formations of Pharmacogenetics. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 68: 1–48.Google Scholar
Kaplan, Judith B. (2014). The Quality of Data on “Race” and “Ethnicity”: Implications for Health Researchers, Policy Makers, and Practitioners. Race and Social Problems, 6: 214–236.Google Scholar
Kahn, Jonathan (2013). Race in a Bottle: The Story of BiDil and Racialized Medicine in a Post-Genomic Age. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Krieger, Nancy (2005). Stormy Weather: Race, Gene Expression, and the Science of Health Disparities. American Journal of Public Health, 95: 2155–2160.Google Scholar
Laden, Greg (2014). A Troubling Tome, American Scientist, 102: 309.Google Scholar
Marks, Jonathan (2010). Ten Facts About Human Variation. In Muehlenbein, M. (Ed.), Human Evolutionary Biology, pp. 265–276. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Marks, Jonathan (2014). The Genes Made Us Do It, In These Times, 38: 28.Google Scholar
Morning, Ann (2014). Does Genomics Challenge the Social Construction of Race? Sociological Theory, 32(3): 189–207.Google Scholar
Murray, Charles (2014). The Diversity of Life –A Scientific Revolution is Under Way Upending One of Our Reigning Orthodoxies, Wall Street Journal, May 2.Google Scholar
Nelson, Alondra (2008). Bio Science: Genetic Genealogy Testing and The Pursuit of African Ancestry. Social Studies of Science, 38: 759–783.Google Scholar
Orr, H. Allen (2014). Stretch Genes. The New York Review of Books, 61: 18–20.Google Scholar
Ossorio, Pilar and Duster, Troy (2005). Race and Genetics: Controversies in Biomedical, Behavioral, and Forensic Sciences. American Psychologist, 60(1): 115–128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Park, Lisa Sun-Hee (2011). Entitled to Nothing: The Struggle for Immigrant Health Care in the Age of Welfare Reform. New York: NYU Press.Google Scholar
Raff, Jennifer (2014). Nicholas Wade and Race: Building a Scientific Façade, Huffington Post, May 27 < http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jennifer-raff/nicholas-wade-and-race-building-a-scientific-facade_b_5375137.html> (accessed December 15, 2014).Google Scholar
Reardon, Jenny (2005). Race to the Finish: Identity and Governance in an Age of Genomics. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Risch, Neil, Burchard, Esteban, Ziv, Elad, Tang, Hua (2002). Categorization of Humans in Biomedical Research: Genes, Race and Disease. Genome Biology, 3: 1–12.Google Scholar
Roberts, Dorothy (2011). Fatal Invention: How Science, Politics, and Big Business Re-create Race in the Twenty-first Century. New York: New Press.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, Noah A, Pritchard, Jonathan K., Weber, James L., Cann, Howard M., Kidd, Kenneth K., Zhivotovsky, Lev A., and Feldman, Marcus W. (2002). Genetic Structure of Human Populations. Science, 298(5602): 2381–2385.Google Scholar
Rosenberg, Noah A., Mahajan, Saurabh, Ramachandran, Sohini, Zhao, Chengfeng, Pritchard, Jonathan K., and Feldman, Marcus W. (2005). Clines, Clusters, and the Effect of Study Design on the Inference of Human Population Structure. PLoS Genetics, 1(6): 660–671.Google Scholar
Royal, Charmaine D. and Dunston, Georgia M. (2004). Changing the Paradigm from “Race” to Human Genome Variation. Nature Genetics Supplement, 36: S5–7.Google Scholar
Royal, Charmaine D., Novembre, John, Fullerton, Stephanie M., Goldstein, David B., Long, Jeffrey C., Bamshad, Michael J., and Clark, Andrew G. (2010). Inferring Genetic Ancestry: Opportunities, Challenges, and Implications. American Journal of Human Genetics, 86(5): 661–673.Google Scholar
Sailer, Steve (2014). The Liberal Creationists. Taki’s Magazine, April 30. <http://takimag.com/article/the_liberal_creationists_steve_sailer#axzz3MCsGGrw6> (accessed December 15, 2014).+(accessed+December+15,+2014).>Google Scholar
Sankar, Pamela (2010). Forensic DNA Phenotyping: Reinforcing Race in Law Enforcement. In Whitmarsh, Ian and Jones, David S. (Eds.), What’s the Use of Race?: Modern Governance and the Biology of Difference, pp. 49–62. Cambridge MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Sankar, Pamela, Cho, Mildred K., Monahan, Keri, and Nowak, Kamila (2014). Reporting Race and Ethnicity in Genetics Research: Do Journal Recommendations or Resources Matter? Science and Engineering Ethics, Nov. 19. DOI 10.1007/s11948-014-9596-yGoogle Scholar
Serre, David and Pääbo, Svante (2004). Evidence for Gradients of Human Genetic Diversity Within and Among Continents. Genome Research, 14: 1679–1685.Google Scholar
Shiao, Jiannbin Lee, Bode, Thomas, Beyer, Amber, and Selvig, Daniel (2012). The Genomic Challenge to the Social Construction of Race. Sociological Theory, 30: 67–88.Google Scholar
Shields, Alexandra E., Fortun, Michael, Hammonds, Evelynn M., King, Patricia A., Lerman, Caryn, Rapp, Rayna, and Sullivan, Patrick (2005). The Use of Race Variables in Genetic Studies of Complex Traits and the Goal of Reducing Health Disparities: A Transdisciplinary Perspective. American Psychologist, 60: 77–103Google Scholar
Smedley, Audrey and Smedley, Brian (2012). Race in North America: Origin and Evolution of A Worldview. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Stepan, Nancy (1982). The Idea of Race in Science: Great Britain, 1800–1960. London, UK: Archon Books.Google Scholar
Sussman, Robert Wald (2014). The Myth of Race: The Troubling Persistence of an Unscientific Idea. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
TallBear, Kim (2013). Native American DNA: Tribal Belonging and The False Promise of Genetic Science. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Tate, Sarah K. and Goldstein, David B. (2004). Will Tomorrow’s Medicines Work for Everyone? Nature Genetics, 36: S34–S42Google Scholar
Tattersall, Ian and DeSalle, Rob (2011). Race?: Debunking A Scientific Myth. College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, Jared (2014). Nicholas Wade Takes On The Regime. American Rennaissance, March 2. <http://www.amren.com/features/2014/03/attack-on-the-regime/> (accessed December 15, 2014).Google Scholar
Tutton, Richard (2007). Opening the White Box: Exploring the Study of Whiteness in Contemporary Genetics Research. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 30: 557–69.Google Scholar
Vitti, J. J., Cho, M. K., Tishkoff, S. A., and Sabeti, P. C. (2012). Human Evolutionary Genomics: Ethical and Interpretive Issues. Trends in Genetics, 28(3): 137–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wade, Nicholas (2001). For Genome Mappers, The Tricky Terrain of Race Requires Some Careful Navigating. The New York Times, July 20, A17.Google Scholar
Wade, Nicholas (2002). Gene Study Identifies 5 Main Human Populations. The New York Times, December 20, A1.Google Scholar
Wade, Nicholas (2009). A New Look at Race and Natural Selection. The New York Times, April 2.Google Scholar
Wade, Nicholas (2012). Genome Study Points to Adaptation in Early African-Americans. The New York Times, January 2, D3.Google Scholar
Wade, Nicholas (2014a). A Troublesome Inheritance: Genes, Race and Human History. New York: Penguin Press.Google Scholar
Wade, Nicholas (2014b). Tracing Ancestry, Researchers Produce a Genetic Atlas of Human Mixing Events. The New York Times, February 13.Google Scholar
Welsing, Frances Cress (1991). The Isis Papers: The Keys to The Colors. Chicago, IL: Third World Press.Google Scholar
Williams, Patricia J. (2014). A Minor Work on Major Races, Nation, 299: 10.Google Scholar
Winker, Margaret A. (2006). Race and Ethnicity in Medical Research: Requirements Meet Reality. Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics, 34: 520–525.Google Scholar
Yudell, Michael (2014). Race Unmasked: Biology and Race in the Twentieth Century. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Zuberi, Tukufu (2001). Thicker Than Blood: How Racial Statistics Lie. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Zuberi, Tukufu (2011). Critical Race Theory of Society. Connecticut Law Review, 43: 1573–1591.Google Scholar