Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T16:46:08.618Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

THE IMPACT OF THE BLACK MEDIA ON DIFFUSE SUPPORT FOR THE U.S. SUPREME COURT

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 January 2018

Mintao Nie*
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science, Purdue University
Eric N. Waltenburg
Affiliation:
Department of Political Science, Purdue University
*
*Corresponding author: Mintao Nie, Department of Political Science, Purdue University, 100 N. University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Previous research suggests that the mainstream media’s portrayals of the U.S. Supreme Court as an objective and impartial institution contribute to its diffuse support among the public. This study explores what happens if people are not exposed to these messages, relying instead on information sources that portray the Court and its justices as being politically oriented and motivated. We use the 2003 Blacks and the U.S. Supreme Court Survey data and coarsened exact matching to examine the effect of exposure to the Black media, whose reports are less likely to include legitimizing symbols of the Court. We find that exposure to the Black media significantly lowers people’s diffuse support for the Court among both Blacks and Whites. This result indicates that differences between Blacks and Whites with respect to their diffuse support for the Court are likely to be a function of the informational environment to which they are exposed rather than race per se.

Type
State of the Art
Copyright
Copyright © Hutchins Center for African and African American Research 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adarand v. Pena (1995). 515 U.S. 200.Google Scholar
Afro-American Red Star (1995). The Court and Affirmative Action. June 24, A4.Google Scholar
Baird, Vanessa A., and Gangl, Amy (2006). Shattering the Myth of Legality: The Impact of the Media’s Framing of Supreme Court Procedures on Perceptions of Fairness. Political Psychology, 27(4): 597614.Google Scholar
Banks, Samuel (1995). Dr. Samuel Banks On: A Return to Separate & Unequal Treatment. Afro-American Red Star, July 22, A5.Google Scholar
Bartels, Brandon L., and Johnston, Christopher D. (2013). On the Ideological Foundations of Supreme Court Legitimacy in the American Public. American Journal of Political Science, 57(1): 184199.Google Scholar
Bartels, Larry M. (1993). Messages Received: The Political Impact of Media Exposure. American Political Science Review, 87(2): 267285.Google Scholar
Bay State Banner (1995). A Compelling Challenge. June 22, 4.Google Scholar
Biskupic, Joan (1995). Court’s Conservatives Make Presence Felt; Reagan Appointees Lead Move Rightward. The Washington Post, July 2, A1.Google Scholar
Blackwell, Matthew, Iacus, Stefano, King, Gary, and Porro, Giuseppe (2009). cem: Coarsened Exact Matching in Stata. The Stata Journal, 9(4): 524546.Google Scholar
Boyd, Christina L., Epstein, Lee, and Martin, Andrew D. (2010). Untangling the Causal Effects of Sex on Judging. American Journal of Political Science, 54(2): 389411.Google Scholar
Browne, Irene, Delia Deckard, Natalie, and Rodriguez, Cassaundra (2016). Different Game, Different Frame?: Black Counterdiscourses and Depictions of Immigration in Atlanta’s African-American and Mainstream Press. The Sociological Quarterly, 57(3): 520543.Google Scholar
Caldeira, Gregory A., and Gibson, James L. (1992). The Etiology of Public Support for the Supreme Court. American Journal of Political Science, 36(3): 635664.Google Scholar
Casey, Gregory (1974). The Supreme Court and Myth: An Emprical Investigation. Law & Society Review, 8(3): 385420.Google Scholar
Christenson, Dino P., and Glick, David M. (2015). Chief Justice Robert’s Health Care Decision Disrobed: The Micro-Foundations of the Court’s Legitimacy. American Journal of Political Science, 59(2): 403418.Google Scholar
Clawson, Rosalee A., “Neil” Strine, Harry C. IV, and Waltenburg, Eric N. (2003a). Framing Supreme Court Decisions: The Mainstream versus the Black Press. Journal of Black Studies, 33(6): 784800.Google Scholar
Clawson, Rosalee A., Tate, Katherine, and Waltenburg, Eric N. (2003b). Blacks and the U.S. Supreme Court Survey. National Science Foundation SES #0331509.Google Scholar
Clawson, Rosalee A., and Waltenburg, Eric N. (2009). Legacy and Legitimacy: Black Americans and the Supreme Court. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Davis, Richard (1994). Decisions and Images: The Supreme Court and the Press. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Davis, Richard (2011). Justices and Journalists: The U.S. Supreme Court and the Media. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Dawson, Michael C. (2001). Black Visions. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Dolan, Mark K., Sonnett, John H., and Johnson, Kirk A. (2009). Katrina Coverage in Black Newspapers Critical of Government, Mainstream Media. Newspaper Research Journal, 30(1): 3442.Google Scholar
Easton, David (1965). A Systems Analysis of Political Life. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Easton, David, and Dennis, Jack (1969). Children in the Political System: Origins of Political Legitimacy. New York: McGraw-Hill.Google Scholar
Gibson, James L., and Caldeira, Gregory A. (1992). Blacks and the U.S. Supreme Court: Models of Diffuse Support. Journal of Politics, 54(4): 11201145.Google Scholar
Gibson, James L., and Caldeira, Gregory A. (2009). Citizens, Courts, and Confirmations: Positivity Theory and the Judgments of the American People. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Gibson, James L., and Caldeira, Gregory A. (2011). Has Legal Realism Damaged the Legitimacy of the U.S. Supreme Court? Law & Society Review, 45(1): 195219.Google Scholar
Gibson, James L., Caldeira, Gregory A., and Baird, Vanessa A. (1998). On the Legitimacy of National High Courts. American Political Science Review, 92(2): 343358.Google Scholar
Gibson, James L., Lodge, Milton, and Woodson, Benjamin (2014). Losing, but Accepting: Legitimacy, Positivity Theory, and the Symbols of Judicial Authority. Law & Society Review, 48(4): 837866.Google Scholar
Gibson, James L., and Nelson, Michael J. (2015). Is the U.S. Supreme Court’s Legitimacy Grounded in Performance Satisfaction and Ideology? American Journal of Political Science, 59(1), 162174.Google Scholar
Gibson, James L., and Nelson, Michael J. (2016). From Ferguson’s Streets to Washington’s Marble Arches: Experiences with Legal Authorities, Group Identities, and African American Perceptions of Legal Legitimacy. Unpublished Manuscript, Department of Political Science, Washington University in St. Louis.Google Scholar
Gratz v. Bollinger (2003). 539 U.S. 244.Google Scholar
Grutter v. Bollinger (2003). 539 U.S 306.Google Scholar
Ho, Daniel E., Imai, Kosuke, King, Gary, and Stuart, Elizabeth A. (2007). Matching as Nonparametric Preprocessing for Reducing Model Dependence in Causal Inference. Political Analysis, 15(3): 199236.Google Scholar
Huspek, Michael (2004). Black Press, White Press and Their Opposition: The Case of the Police Killing of Tyisha Miller. Social Justice, 31(1/2): 217241.Google Scholar
Huspek, Michael (2010). ‘From the Standpoint of the White Man’s World:’: The Black Press and Contemporary Media Scholarship. In Huspek, M. (Ed.), Oppositonal Discourses and Democracies, pp. 155173. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Iacus, Stefano M., King, Gary, and Porro, Giuseppe (2011). Multivariate Matching Methods That Are Monotonic Imbalance Bounding. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 106(493): 345361.Google Scholar
Iacus, Stefano M., King, Gary, and Porro, Giuseppe (2012). Causal Inference Without Balance Checking: Coarsened Exact Matching. Political Analysis, 20(1): 124.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Ronald N. (1996). Civil Society and Crisis: Culture, Discourse, and the Rodney King Beating. American Journal of Sociology, 101(5): 12381272.Google Scholar
Johnston, Christopher D., and Bartels, Brandon L. (2010). Sensationalism and Sobriety: Differential Media Exposure and Attitudes Toward American Courts. Public Opinion Quarterly, 74(2): 260285.Google Scholar
King, Gary, and Zeng, Langche (2006). The Danger of Extreme Counterfactuals. Political Analysis, 14(2): 131159.Google Scholar
Klapper, Joseph T. (1960). The Effects of Mass Communication. Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Los Angeles Sentinel (1995). Supreme Court Deals Potentially Crippling Blow to Affirmative Action. June 21, A1.Google Scholar
Mastin, Teresa, Campo, Shelly, and Somjen Frazer, M. (2005). In Black and White: Coverage of U.S. Slave Reparations by the Mainstream and Black Press. Howard Journal of Communications, 16(3): 201223.Google Scholar
New Pittsburgh Courier, City Edition (1995). Black America Should Create Own Affirmative Action. July 8, A6.Google Scholar
New York Amsterdam News (1995). Cong. Owens Calls Clarence Thomas a Danger to African-Americans. July 15, 9.Google Scholar
Prior, Markus (2005). News vs. Entertainment: How Increasing Media Choice Widens Gaps in Political Knowledge and Turnout. American Journal of Political Science, 49(3): 577592.Google Scholar
Prior, Markus (2009). Improving Media Effects Research through Better Measurement of News Exposure. The Journal of Politics, 71(3): 893908.Google Scholar
Ricci v. DeStefano (2009). 557 U.S. 557.Google Scholar
Richardson, John D., and Lancendorfer, Karen M. (2004). Framing Affirmative Action: The Influence of Race on Newspaper Editorial Responses to the University of Michigan Cases. The International Journal of Press/Politics, 9(4): 7494.Google Scholar
Scheb, John M., and Lyons, William (1999). Diffuse Support, Specific Support and Attentiveness: Components of the Public’s Assessment of the Supreme Court. Southeastern Political Review, 27(4): 765780.Google Scholar
Scheb, John M., and Lyons, William (2000). The Myth of Legality and Public Evaluation of the Supreme Court. Social Science Quarterly, 81(4): 928940.Google Scholar
Solberg, Rorie Spill, and Waltenburg, Eric N. (2014). The Media, the Court, and the Misrepresentation: The New Myth of the Court. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Spill, Rorie L., and Oxley, Zoe M. (2003). Philosopher Kings or Political Actors: How the Media Portray the Supreme Court. Judicature, 87(1): 2329.Google Scholar
Squires, Catherine R. (2012). Coloring the Bubble: Perspective from Black-Oriented Media on the (Latest) Economic Disaster. American Quarterly, 64(3): 543570.Google Scholar
Stroud, Natalie Jomini (2008). Media Use and Political Predispositions: Revisiting the Concept of Selective Exposure. Political Behavior, 30(3): 341366.Google Scholar
Stroud, Natalie Jomini (2010). Polarization and Partisan Selective Exposure. Journal of Communication, 60(3): 556576.Google Scholar
Towner, Terri L., and Clawson, Rosalee A. (2014). News Coverage of the Supreme Court Docket. In Davis, R. (Ed.), Covering the United States Supreme Court in the Digital Age, pp. 4260. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Towner, Terri L., Clawson, Rosalee A., and Waltenburg, Eric N. (2006). Media Coverage of the University of Michigan Affirmative Action Decisions: The View from Mainstream, Black, and Latino Journalists. Judicature, 90(3): 120128.Google Scholar
Tyler, Tom R., Fagan, Jeffrey, and Geller, Amanda (2014). Street Stops and Police Legitimacy: Teachable Moments in Young Urban Men’s Legal Socialization. Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, 11(4): 751785.Google Scholar
Vercellotti, Timothy, and Brewer, Paul R. (2006). “To Plead Our Own Cause”: Public Opinion Toward Black and Mainstream News Media Among African Americans. Journal of Black Studies, 37(2): 231250.Google Scholar
Wang, Qian, and Armstrong, Cory L.. (2012). Black Newspapers Focus More on Community Affairs Stories. Newspaper Research Journal, 33(4): 7890.Google Scholar
Wilson, Angela (1995). The Recent Blow Against Minority Businesses: Supreme Court Weakens Federal Programs Assisting Minorities. The Skanner, June 21, 1.Google Scholar
Wolseley, Roland E. (1971). The Black Press, U.S.A. Ames, IA: Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Zaller, John R. (1992). The Nature and Origins of Mass Opinion. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Supplementary material: File

Nie and Waltenburg supplementary material 1

Online Appendix

Download Nie and Waltenburg supplementary material 1(File)
File 72.8 KB