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Ebola Virus Disease: Preparedness in Japan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 November 2014

Yugo Ashino ,
Haorile Chagan-Yasutan ,
Shinichi Egawa  and
Toshio Hattori
Yugo Ashino*
Affiliation:
Division of Disaster-Related Infectious Disease, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Haorile Chagan-Yasutan
Affiliation:
Division of Disaster-Related Infectious Disease, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Shinichi Egawa
Affiliation:
Division of International Cooperation for Disaster Medicine, IRIDeS, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Toshio Hattori
Affiliation:
Division of Disaster-Related Infectious Disease, International Research Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to Yugo Ashino, Laboratory of Disaster-Related Infectious Disease, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-cho, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan (e-mail: [email protected]).
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Abstract

The current outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) is due to a lack of resources, untrained medical personnel, and the specific contact-mediated type of infection of this virus. In Japan’s history, education and mass vaccination of the native Ainu people successfully eradicated epidemics of smallpox. Even though a zoonotic virus is hard to control, appropriate precautions and personal protection, as well as anti-symptomatic treatment, will control the outbreak of EVD. Ebola virus utilizes the antibody-dependent enhancement of infection to seed the cells of various organs. The pathogenesis of EVD is due to the cytokine storm of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the lack of antiviral interferon-α2. Matricellular proteins of galectin-9 and osteopontin might also be involved in the edema and abnormality of the coagulation system in EVD. Anti-fibrinolytic treatment will be effective. In the era of globalization, interviews of travelers with fever within 3 weeks of departure from the affected areas will be necessary. Not only the hospitals designated for specific biohazards but every hospital should be aware of the biology of biohazards and establish measures to protect both patients and the community. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;0:1-5)

Keywords

zoonosesdisaster medicineinfectious disease medicineEbolainfection control
Type
Brief Reports
Information
Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness , Volume 9 , Issue 1 , February 2015 , pp. 74 - 78
Copyright
Copyright © Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health, Inc. 2014 

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