Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T14:32:13.240Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Self-Consciousness and Phenomenal Character

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 April 2009

Greg Janzen
Affiliation:
University of Calgary

Abstract

This article defends two theses: that a mental state is conscious if and only if it has phenomenal character, i.e., if and only if there is something it is like for the subject to be in that state, and that all state consciousness involves selfconsciousness, in the sense that a mental state is conscious if and only if its possessor is, in some suitable way, conscious of being in it. Though neither of these theses is novel, there is a dearth of direct arguments for them in the scholarly literature and the relationship between them has so far gone underrecognized. This article attempts to remedy this lack, advancing the claim that if all conscious states have phenomenal character, then all state consciousness involves self-consciousness.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Canadian Philosophical Association 2005

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Armstrong, D. M. 1997 “What Is Consciousness?” In The Nature of Consciousness: Philosophical Debates. Edited by Block, N., Flanagan, O., and Güzeldere, G.. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 721–28.Google Scholar
Block, N. 1997 “On a Confusion about a Function of Consciousness.” In The Nature of Consciousness: Philosophical Debates. Edited by Block, N., Flanagan, O., and Güzeldere, G.. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 375415.Google Scholar
Byrne, A. 1997Some Like It HOT: Consciousness and Higher-Order Thoughts.” Philosophical Studies, 86: 103–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carruthers, P. 2000 Phenomenal Consciousness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caston, V. 2002Aristotle on Consciousness.” Mind, 111: 751815.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chisholm, R. 1957 Perceiving. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Clark, A. 2000A Case Where Access Implies Qualia?Analysis, 60: 3038.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dennett, D. 1991 Consciousness Explained. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Dennett, D. 1998 Brainchildren. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dretske, F. 1993Conscious Experience.” Mind, 102: 263–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dretske, F. 1995 Naturalizing the Mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Dwyer, P. 1990 Sense and Subjectivity: A Study of Wittgenstein and Merleau-Ponty. Leiden: E. J. Brill.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Farrell, B. 1950Experience.” Mind, 59: 170–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flanagan, O. 1992 Consciousness Reconsidered. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Gennaro, R. 1996 Consciousness and Self-Consciousness: A Defense of the Higher-Order Thought Theory of Consciousness. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hanfling, O. 2001 “Consciousness: ‘The Last Mystery.’” In Wittgenstein and Contemporary Philosophy of Mind. Edited by Schroeder, S.. London: Palgrave, pp. 3659.Google Scholar
Hossack, K. 2002Self-Knowledge and Consciousness.” Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 102: 163–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jaynes, J. 1976 The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Kriegel, U. 2003Consciousness as Intransitive Self-Consciousness: Two Views and an Argument.” Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 33: 103–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kriegel, U. 2004Consciousness and Self-Consciousness.” The Monist, 87: 182205.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lurz, R. 2003Advancing the Debate between HOT and FO Accounts of Consciousness.” Journal of Philosophical Research, 28: 2344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lycan, W. 1996 Consciousness and Experience. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Lycan, W. 2001A Simple Argument for a Higher-Order Representation Theory of Consciousness.” Analysis, 61: 34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McGinn, C. 1995 “Consciousness Evaded: Comments on Dennett.” In Philosophical Perspectives. Vol. 9. Edited by Tomberlin, J.. Atascadero: Ridgeview, pp. 241–49.Google Scholar
Nagel, T. 1974What Is It Like to Be a Bat?Philosophical Review, 83: 435–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neander, K. 1998 “The Division of Phenomenal Labor: A Problem for Representational Theories of Consciousness.” In Philosophical Perspectives. Vol. 12. Edited by Tomberlin, J.. Atascadero: Ridgeview, pp. 411–34.Google Scholar
Nelkin, N. 1986Pains and Pain Sensations.” Journal of Philosophy, 83: 129–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raymont, P. Ms. “From HOTs to Self-Representing States.” Unpublished manuscript.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, D. 1986Two Concepts of Consciousness.” Philosophical Studies, 49: 329–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenthal, D. 1997 “A Theory of Consciousness.” In The Nature of Consciousness: Philosophical Debates. Edited by Block, N., Flanagan, O., and Güzeldere, G.. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 729–53.Google Scholar
Rosenthal, D. 2004 “Varieties of Higher-Order Theory.” In Higher-Order Theories of Consciousness: An Anthology. Edited by Gennaro, R.. Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins, pp. 1744.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rowlands, M. 2001 The Nature of Consciousness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sartre, J. P. 1956 Being and Nothingness. Translated by Barnes, H.. New York: Philosophical Library.Google Scholar
Sartre, J. P. 1957 The Transcendence of the Ego: An Existentialist Theory of Consciousness. Translated by Williams, F. and Kirkpatrick, R.. New York: Farrar, Straus.Google Scholar
Seager, W. 1999 Theories of Consciousness: An Introduction and Assessment. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Searle, J. 1992 The Rediscovery of the Mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Searle, J. 1999 Mind, Language and Society: Philosophy in the Real World. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.Google Scholar
Siewert, C. 1998 The Significance of Consciousness. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, D. W. 1989 The Circle of Acquaintance: Perception, Consciousness, and Empathy. Dordrecht: Kluwer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomasson, A. 2000After Brentano: A One-Level Theory of Consciousness.” European Journal of Philosophy, 8: 190209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tye, M. 1995 Ten Problems of Consciousness: A Representational Theory of the Phenomenal Mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar