¹ See Kymlicka, Will's Multicultural Citizenship (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995)Google Scholar and Politics in the Vernacular: Nationalism, Multiculturalism, and Citizenship (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001)Google Scholar, and Taylor, Charles et al. , Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition, edited by Gutmann, Amy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994).Google Scholar

² See Benhabib, Seyla, The Claims of Culture: Equality and Diversity in the Global Era (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2002)Google Scholar; Levy, Jacob T., The Multiculturalism of Fear (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Parekh, Bhikhu, Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 2000)Google Scholar; and Shachar, Ayelet, Multicultural Jurisdictions: Cultural Differences and Women's Rights (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001).CrossRefGoogle Scholar

³ Barry, Brian, Culture and Equality (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002).Google Scholar

⁴ See Benhabib, Seyla, The Claims of CultureGoogle Scholar and “Toward a Deliberative Model of Democratic Legitimacy,” in Democracy and Difference: Contesting the Boundaries of the Political, edited by Benhabib, S. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996), pp. 67–94Google Scholar; Cohen, Joshua, “Procedure and Substance in Deliberative Democracy,” in Democracy and Difference, pp. 95–119Google Scholar; and Habermas, Jürgen, Between Facts and Norms: Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy, translated by Rehg, William (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1996).Google Scholar

⁵ Gutmann, surprisingly, at one point (p. 116) includes economic class in the list of identity groups; but never really takes up that categorization, and the main arguments would presumably be muddied by doing so.

⁶ See Barry, , Culture and Equality, chap. 8.Google Scholar

⁷ Santa Clara Pueblo v. Martinez, 436 US 49 (1978).Google Scholar

⁸ Kymlicka, , Multicultural Citizenship, pp. 164–67.Google Scholar

⁹ Margalit, Avishai and Halbertal, Moshe, “Liberalism and the Right to Culture,” Social Research, 61, 3 (1994): 490–510.Google Scholar

¹⁰ See Barry, , Culture and Equality, p. 65.Google Scholar

¹¹ Ibid., p. 61.

¹² Thompson, Dennis and Gutmann, Amy, Democracy and Disagreement (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996)Google Scholar; see also their “Deliberative Democracy Beyond Process,” Journal of Political Philosophy, 10, 2 (2002): 153–74.Google Scholar

¹³ See Thompson, and Gutmann, , Democracy and Disagreement, pp. 63–69Google Scholar; also see Gutmann, Amy, “Civic Education and Social Diversity,” Ethics, 105, 3 (1995): 557–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

¹⁴ Mozert v. Hawkins County Board of Education, 827 F. 2d 1058 (6th Circuit 1987).Google Scholar

¹⁵ See Delgamuukw v. British Columbia, [1997] 3 S.C.R. 1010Google Scholar, and R. v. Marshall [1999] 3 S.C.R. 507.Google Scholar

¹⁶ Nixon v. Condon, 1286 US 73 (1932).Google Scholar

¹⁷ Roberts v. United States Jaycees, 468 US 609 (1984).Google Scholar

¹⁸ Boy Scouts of America v. Dale, 530 US 640 (2000).Google Scholar

¹⁹ For follow-up as to local governments and charities disassociating from the Boy Scouts see, Landau, Joseph, “Reversal of Fortune,” The New Republic Online: https://ssl.tnr.com/p/docsub.mhtml?;=exxpress&s=landau031104.Google Scholar

²⁰ Employment Division, Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith, 494 US 872 (1990).Google Scholar