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Ten good reasons to consider biological processes in prevention and intervention research

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 July 2008

Theodore P. Beauchaine ,
Emily Neuhaus ,
Sharon L. Brenner  and
Lisa Gatzke-Kopp
Theodore P. Beauchaine*
Affiliation:
University of Washington
Emily Neuhaus
Affiliation:
University of Washington
Sharon L. Brenner
Affiliation:
University of Washington
Lisa Gatzke-Kopp
Affiliation:
University of Washington
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Theodore P. Beauchaine, University of Washington, Box 351525, Seattle, WA 98195-1525; E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Most contemporary accounts of psychopathology acknowledge the importance of both biological and environmental influences on behavior. In developmental psychopathology, multiple etiological mechanisms for psychiatric disturbance are well recognized, including those operating at genetic, neurobiological, and environmental levels of analysis. However, neuroscientific principles are rarely considered in current approaches to prevention or intervention. In this article, we explain why a deeper understanding of the genetic and neural substrates of behavior is essential for the next generation of preventive interventions, and we outline 10 specific reasons why considering biological processes can improve treatment efficacy. Among these, we discuss (a) the role of biomarkers and endophenotypes in identifying those most in need of prevention; (b) implications for treatment of genetic and neural mechanisms of homotypic comorbidity, heterotypic comorbidity, and heterotypic continuity; (c) ways in which biological vulnerabilities moderate the effects of environmental experience; (d) situations in which Biology × Environment interactions account for more variance in key outcomes than main effects; and (e) sensitivity of neural systems, via epigenesis, programming, and neural plasticity, to environmental moderation across the life span. For each of the 10 reasons outlined we present an example from current literature and discuss critical implications for prevention.

Type
Research Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 20 , Issue 3 , Summer 2008 , pp. 745 - 774
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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Footnotes

Work on this article was supported by Grant MH63699 from the National Institute of Mental Health to Theodore P. Beauchaine. We thank Sheila Crowell, Penny Marsh, Hilary Mead, and Katherine Shannon for their helpful contributions.

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