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The role of culture in moderating the links between early ecological risk and young children's adaptation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 January 2007

RUTH FELDMAN  and
SHAFIQ MASALHA
RUTH FELDMAN
Affiliation:
Bar-Ilan University, Israel
SHAFIQ MASALHA
Affiliation:
Tel-Aviv University
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Abstract

To examine the effects of risk on infant development within cultural contexts, 141 dual-earner Israeli and Palestinian couples and their first-born child were observed at 5 months and again at 34 months. Eight ecological determinants were examined as potential risk factors, including the infant's observed and parent-reported difficult temperament; the mother's depressive symptoms, work–family interference, and experience of childbirth; the parents' marital satisfaction and social support; and observed maternal and paternal sensitivity. Symbolic play and behavior problems were assessed at 34 months. Culture-specific effects of risk and protective factors were found. Parent sensitivity facilitated symbolic competence to a greater extent in the Israeli group. Culture moderated the effects of maternal depression and family social support on toddlers' behavior problems. Maternal depressive symptoms had a negative impact on the behavior adaptation of Israeli children and social support buffered against behavior problems in the Arab group. Implications for research on risk and resilience and the role of culture in moderating the effects of ecological risk are discussed.The Israeli–Palestinian Project was supported by the New-Land Foundation. The study is dedicated to the memory of the late professor Donald Cohen, MD, whose vision and support enabled this project.

Type
Research Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 19 , Issue 1 , January 2007 , pp. 1 - 21
Copyright
© 2007 Cambridge University Press

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