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Neural predictors of alcohol use and psychopathology symptoms in adolescents

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 October 2016

TY Brumback ,
Matthew Worley ,
Tam T. Nguyen-Louie ,
Lindsay M. Squeglia ,
Joanna Jacobus  and
Susan F. Tapert
TY Brumback
Affiliation:
University of California San Diego VA San Diego Healthcare System
Matthew Worley
Affiliation:
University of California San Diego VA San Diego Healthcare System
Tam T. Nguyen-Louie
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego
Lindsay M. Squeglia
Affiliation:
Medical University of South Carolina
Joanna Jacobus
Affiliation:
University of California San Diego VA San Diego Healthcare System
Susan F. Tapert*
Affiliation:
University of California San Diego
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Susan F. Tapert, Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093; E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Adolescence is a period marked by increases in risk taking, sensation seeking, and emotion dysregulation. Neurobiological models of adolescent development propose that lagging development in brain regions associated with affect and behavior control compared to regions associated with reward and emotion processing may underlie these behavioral manifestations. Cross-sectional studies have identified several functional brain networks that may contribute to risk for substance use and psychopathology in adolescents. Determining brain structure measures that prospectively predict substance use and psychopathology could refine our understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to these problems, and lead to improved prevention efforts. Participants (N = 265) were healthy substance-naïve adolescents (ages 12–14) who underwent magnetic resonance imaging and then were followed annually for up to 13 years. Cortical thickness and surface area measures for three prefrontal regions (dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, and orbitofrontal cortex) and three cortical regions from identified functional networks (anterior cingulate cortex, insular cortex, and parietal cortex) were used to predict subsequent binge drinking, externalizing symptoms, and internalizing symptoms. Thinner dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and inferior frontal cortex in early adolescence predicted more binge drinking and externalizing symptoms, respectively, in late adolescence (ps < .05). Having a family history of alcohol use disorder predicted more subsequent binge drinking and externalizing symptoms. Thinner parietal cortex, but not family history, predicted more subsequent internalizing symptoms (p < .05). This study emphasizes the temporal association between maturation of the salience, inhibition, and executive control networks in early adolescence and late adolescent behavior outcomes. Our findings indicate that developmental variations in these brain regions predate behavioral outcomes of substance use and psychopathology, and may therefore serve as prospective biomarkers of vulnerability.

Type
Special Issue Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 28 , Special Issue 4pt1: Mechanisms of Comorbidity, Continuity, and Discontinuity in Psychopathology , November 2016 , pp. 1209 - 1216
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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