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Mental health trajectories from adolescence to adulthood: Language disorder and other childhood and adolescent risk factors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 November 2015

Lin Bao ,
E. B. Brownlie  and
Joseph H. Beitchman
Lin Bao
Affiliation:
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
E. B. Brownlie
Affiliation:
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health University of Toronto
Joseph H. Beitchman*
Affiliation:
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health University of Toronto
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Joseph H. Beitchman, Child, Youth and Family Services, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 80 Workman Way, Toronto, ON M6J 1H4, Canada; E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Longitudinal research on mental health development beyond adolescence among nonclinical populations is lacking. This study reports on psychiatric disorder trajectories from late adolescence to young adulthood in relation to childhood and adolescent risk factors. Participants were recruited for a prospective longitudinal study tracing a community sample of 5-year-old children with communication disorders and a matched control cohort to age 31. Psychiatric disorders were measured at ages 19, 25, and 31. Known predictors of psychopathology and two school-related factors specifically associated with language disorder (LD) were measured by self-reports and semistructured interviews. The LD cohort was uniquely characterized by a significantly decreasing disorder trajectory in early adulthood. Special education was associated with differential disorder trajectories between LD and control cohorts, whereas maltreatment history, specific learning disorder, family structure, and maternal psychological distress were associated with consistent trajectories between cohorts. From late adolescence to young adulthood, childhood LD was characterized by a developmentally limited course of psychiatric disorder; maltreatment was consistently characterized by an elevated risk of psychiatric disorder regardless of LD history, whereas special education was associated with significantly decreasing risk of psychiatric disorder only in the presence of LD.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 28 , Issue 2 , May 2016 , pp. 489 - 504
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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