Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-tf8b9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T23:47:48.087Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Is attachment theory ready to contribute to our understanding of disruptive behavior problems?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 October 2008

Everett Waters
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Stony Brook
German Posada
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Stony Brook
Judith Crowell
Affiliation:
State University of New York at Stony Brook
Keng-Ling Lay
Affiliation:
National Taiwan University

Abstract

Attachment theory and research have traditionally been subspecialties in infant social development. Recent work has extended the relevance of attachment theory and assessments well into childhood and has established firm ties to work with adults. Many of the same variables associated with the development of disruptive behavior problems also influence the development of attachment. In addition, recent data point to consistent relations between attachment status and disruptive behavior problems. This paper reviews attachment theory, summarizes mechanisms through which attachment might be related to disruptive behavior problems, and discusses the relevance of attachment theory to prevention and therapy. We emphasize the diversity of possible relations between attachment and disruptive behavior problems and the fact that incorporating attachment theory into research on disruptive behavior problems does not mean interpreting every disruptive behavior as attachment related or every attachment-related disruption as serving the same function.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Achenbach, T. M. (1993). Taxonomy and comorbidity of conduct problems: Evidence from empirically based approaches. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 5164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ainsworth, M., Bell, S., & Stayton, D. (1971). Individual differences in strange situation behavior of one-year-olds. In Schaffery, H. R. (Ed.), The origins of human social relations. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Ainsworth, M., Blehar, M., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Belsky, J., Rovine, M., & Taylor, D. (1984). The Pennsylvania infant and family project, III: The origins of individual differences in an infant-mother attachment: Maternal and infant contributions. Child Development, 55, 718728.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Block, J. H., Block, J. & Gjerde, P. (1986). The personality of children prior to divorce: A prospective study. Child Development, 57, 827840.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bowlby, J. (1946). Forty-four juvenile thieves, their characters and homelife. London: Bailliere, Tindall, & Cox.Google Scholar
Bowlby, J. (1952). Maternal care and mental health: A report prepared on behalf of the World Health Organization as a contribution to the United Nations programme for the welfare of homeless children. Geneva: WHO.Google Scholar
Bowlby, J. (1958). The nature of the child's tie to its mother. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 39, 350373.Google Scholar
Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Bowlby, J. (1980). Attachment and loss: Vol. 3. Loss. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Bretherton, I., & Waters, E. (Eds.). (1985). Growing points in attachment theory and research. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50(1–2, Serial No. 209).Google Scholar
Dodge, K. (1991). The structure and function of reactive and proactive aggression. In Pepler, D. & Rubin, K. (Eds.), The development and treatment of childhood aggression (pp. 201218). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Epstein, S. (1991). Cognitive-Experimental self theory: Implications for developmental psychology. In Gunner, M. & Sroufe, L. A. (Eds.), Minnesota Symposium on Child Psychology (Vol. 24) (pp. 79123). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Greenberg, M. T., Speltz, M. L., & DeKlyen, M. (1993). The role of attachment in the early development of disruptive behavior problems. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 191213.Google Scholar
Grossman, K., Grossman, K. E., Spangler, G., Suess, G., & Unzner, L. (1985). Maternal sensitivity and newborns' orientation responses as related to quality of attachment in northern Germany (pp. 233256). Bretherton, I. & Waters, E. (Eds.), Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50(1–2, Serial No. 209).Google Scholar
Lay, K., Waters, E., & Park, K. (1989). Mood mediates the relationship between responsive maternal play and child compliance. Child Development, 60, 14051411.Google Scholar
Lay, K., Waters, E., & Posada, G. (1993). Security of attachment and preschoolers' mood induceability. Manuscript submitted for publication.Google Scholar
Loeber, R., Wung, P., Kennan, K., Giroux, B., Stouthamer-Loeber, M., Van Kammen, W. B., & Maughan, B. (1993). Developmental pathways in disruptive child behavior. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 103133.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Main, M. (1981). Avoidance in the service of proximity. In Barlow, G., Main, M., Petrinovitch, L., & Immelman, K. (Eds.), Behavioral development: The Bielefeld interdisciplinary project (pp. 651693). New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Main, M., & Hesse, E. (1990). Parents' unresolved traumatic experiences are related to infant disorganized attachment status: Is frightened or frightening parental behavior the linking mechanism? In Greenberg, M., Cicchetti, D., & Cummings, M. (Eds.). Attachment in the preschool years. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Posada, G. & Waters, E. (1993). Maternal reports on security of attachment, temperament, and marital discord: Associations with child socialization outcomes. Manuscript submitted for publication.Google Scholar
Richters, J., & Waters, E. (1991). Attachment and socialization: The positive side of social influence. In Lewis, M. & Feinman, S. (Eds.), Social influences and socialization in infancy (pp. 185213). New York: Plenum Press.Google Scholar
Rutter, M. (1981). Maternal deprivation reassessed (2nd ed.). New York: Penguin Books.Google Scholar
Sameroff, A., & Chandler, M. (1975). Reproductive risk and the continuum of caretaking casualty. In Horowitz, F. (Ed.), Review of child development research (Vol. 4). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Sroufe, L. A. (1979). The coherence of individual development. American Psychologist, 34, 834841.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sroufe, L. A. and Fleeson, J. (1986). Attachment and the construction of relationships. In Hartup, W. W. and Rubin, Z. (Eds.), Relationships and development (pp. 5171). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar
Sroufe, L., & Waters, E. (1977). Attachment as an organizational construct. Child Development, 48, 11841189.Google Scholar
Vaughn, B., Egeland, B., Sroufe, L., & Waters, E. (1979). Stability and change in attachment in an urban poor population. Child Development, 49, 971975.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vaughn, B., & Waters, E. (1990). Attachment behavior at home and in the laboratory: Q-sort observations and strange situation classifications of one-year-olds. Child Development, 61, 19651973.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Waters, E. (1978). The reliability and stability of individual differences in infant-mother attachment. Child Development, 49, 483494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waters, E., & Deane, K. (1985). Defining and assessing individual differences in attachment relationships: Q-methodology and the organization of behavior in infancy and early childhood (pp. 4165). Bretherton, I. & Waters, E. (Eds.), Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 50(1–2, Serial No. 209).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waters, E., Hay, D. F., & Richters, J. (1986). Infant-parent attachment and the origins of prosocial and antisocial behavior. In Olweus, D., Block, J., & Radke-Yarrow, M. (Eds.), The development of antisocial and prosocial behavior: Research, theories, and issues (pp. 97125). New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Waters, E., Kondo-Ikemura, K., Posada, G., & Richters, J. (1991). Learning to love: Mechanisms and milestones. In Gunner, M. & Sroufe, L. A. (Eds.), Minnesota Symposium on Child Psychology (Vol. 24, pp. 217255). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.Google Scholar