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Differential associations of parental harshness and parental disengagement with overall cortisol output at 15 years: Implications for adolescent mental health

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2020

Jenalee R. Doom Open the ORCID record for Jenalee R. Doom [Opens in a new window] ,
Melissa K. Peckins ,
Tyler C. Hein ,
Hailey L. Dotterer ,
Colter Mitchell ,
Nestor L. Lopez-Duran ,
Jeanne Brooks-Gunn Open the ORCID record for Jeanne Brooks-Gunn [Opens in a new window] ,
Sara McLanahan ,
Luke W. Hyde  and
James L. Abelson
...Show all authors
Jenalee R. Doom
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
Melissa K. Peckins
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA
Tyler C. Hein
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Hailey L. Dotterer
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Colter Mitchell
Affiliation:
Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Population Studies Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Nestor L. Lopez-Duran
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Jeanne Brooks-Gunn
Affiliation:
Teachers College and the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
Sara McLanahan
Affiliation:
Center for Research on Child Wellbeing, Princeton University, Princeton, NH, USA
Luke W. Hyde
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
James L. Abelson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Christopher S. Monk*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
*
Author for Correspondence: Christopher S. Monk. 2000 East Hall, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109, USA. E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Psychosocial stress in childhood and adolescence is linked to stress system dysregulation, although few studies have examined the relative impacts of parental harshness and parental disengagement. This study prospectively tested whether parental harshness and disengagement show differential associations with overall cortisol output in adolescence. Associations between overall cortisol output and adolescent mental health problems were tested concurrently. Adolescents from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS) provided hair samples for cortisol assay at 15 years (N = 171). Caregivers reported on parental harshness and disengagement experiences at 1, 3, 5, 9, and 15 years, and adolescents reported at 15 years. Both parent and adolescent reported depressive and anxiety symptoms and antisocial behaviors at 15. Greater parental harshness from 1–15 years, and harshness reported at 15 years in particular, was associated with higher overall cortisol output at 15. Greater parental disengagement from 1–15 years, and disengagement at 1 year specifically, was associated with lower cortisol output. There were no significant associations between cortisol output and depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, or antisocial behaviors. These results suggest that the unique variances of parental harshness and disengagement may have opposing associations with cortisol output at 15 years, with unclear implications for adolescent mental health.

Keywords

adolescencedepressive symptomshair cortisolparental disengagementparental harshness
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 34 , Issue 1 , February 2022 , pp. 129 - 146
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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