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Conduct disorder symptomatology is associated with an altered functional connectome in a large national youth sample

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2021

Scott Tillem Open the ORCID record for Scott Tillem [Opens in a new window] ,
May I. Conley  and
Arielle Baskin-Sommers
Scott Tillem*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
May I. Conley
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
Arielle Baskin-Sommers
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
*
Author for Correspondence: Scott Tillem, 2 Hillhouse Ave., New Haven, CT 06511, USA. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Conduct disorder (CD), characterized by youth antisocial behavior, is associated with a variety of neurocognitive impairments. However, questions remain regarding the neural underpinnings of these impairments. To investigate novel neural mechanisms that may support these neurocognitive abnormalities, the present study applied a graph analysis to resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data collected from a national sample of 4,781 youth, ages 9–10, who participated in the baseline session of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study (ABCD Study®). Analyses were then conducted to examine the relationships among levels of CD symptomatology, metrics of global topology, node-level metrics for subcortical structures, and performance on neurocognitive assessments. Youth higher on CD displayed higher global clustering (β = .039, 95% CIcorrected [.0027 .0771]), but lower Degreesubcortical (β = −.052, 95% CIcorrected [−.0916 −.0152]). Youth higher on CD had worse performance on a general neurocognitive assessment (β = −.104, 95% CI [−.1328 −.0763]) and an emotion recognition memory assessment (β = −.061, 95% CI [−.0919 −.0290]). Finally, global clustering mediated the relationship between CD and general neurocognitive functioning (indirect β = −.002, 95% CI [−.0044 −.0002]), and Degreesubcortical mediated the relationship between CD and emotion recognition memory performance (indirect β = −.002, 95% CI [−.0046 −.0005]). CD appears associated with neuro-topological abnormalities and these abnormalities may represent neural mechanisms supporting CD-related neurocognitive disruptions.

Keywords

conduct disordergraph analysisneural topologyneurocognitive functioningsubcortical structures
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 34 , Issue 4 , October 2022 , pp. 1573 - 1584
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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