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An integrative approach to the neurophysiological substrates of social withdrawal and aggression

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 April 2004

NESTOR L. LOPEZ ,
DELIA M. VAZQUEZ  and
SHERYL L. OLSON
NESTOR L. LOPEZ
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
DELIA M. VAZQUEZ
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
SHERYL L. OLSON
Affiliation:
University of Michigan
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Abstract

An integrative model of the neurophysiology of aggression and social withdrawal is proposed. A detailed overview of the limbic–hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (LHPA) axis is presented first, because we consider it to be a critical system that interacts with a variety of physiological processes to modulate affect-related behaviors. This detailed analysis of the LHPA axis is then used to clarify the research literature that links aggression and social withdrawal to LHPA functioning. We then review the role of amygdala and prefrontal cortex functioning in modulating aggression and social withdrawal. Particular attention is paid to how the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex interact with the LHPA system and the environment to produce specific behavioral tendencies throughout development. A brief overview of the implied methodological and theoretical model is provided. We explain how a detailed understanding of specific physiological processes is essential in order to develop appropriate research protocols. In addition, we suggest that future research should focus on the mapping of distinct integrative biosocial profiles that are related to specific behaviors during different developmental stages.The authors would like to thank Sarah Dunphy–Lelii and Michael MacKenzie for their comments and suggestions during the preparation of this manuscript. This research was partially supported by Research Grants MH59396, HD/DK37431, and MH42251.

Type
Research Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 16 , Issue 1 , March 2004 , pp. 69 - 93
Copyright
© 2004 Cambridge University Press

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