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Transdiagnostic factors and pathways to multifinality: The error-related negativity predicts whether preschool irritability is associated with internalizing versus externalizing symptoms at age 9

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 October 2016

Ellen M. Kessel ,
Alexandria Meyer ,
Greg Hajcak ,
Lea R. Dougherty ,
Dana C. Torpey-Newman ,
Gabrielle A. Carlson  and
Daniel N. Klein
Ellen M. Kessel*
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University
Alexandria Meyer
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University
Greg Hajcak
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University
Lea R. Dougherty
Affiliation:
University of Maryland–College Park
Dana C. Torpey-Newman
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University
Gabrielle A. Carlson
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University School of Medicine
Daniel N. Klein
Affiliation:
Stony Brook University Stony Brook University School of Medicine
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Ellen M. Kessel, Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500; E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

There is increasing interest among developmental psychopathologists in broad transdiagnostic factors that give rise to a wide array of clinical presentations (multifinality), but little is known about how these processes lead to particular psychopathological manifestations over the course of development. We examined whether individual differences in the error-related negativity (ΔERN), a neural indicator of error monitoring, predicts whether early persistent irritability, a prototypical transdiagnostic construct, is associated with later internalizing versus externalizing outcomes. When children were 3 years old, mothers were interviewed about children's persistent irritability and completed questionnaires about their children's psychopathology. Three years later, EEG was recorded while children performed a go/no-go task to measure the ΔERN. When children were approximately 9 years old, mothers again completed questionnaires about their children's psychopathology. The results indicated that among children who were persistently irritable at age 3, an enhanced or more negative ΔERN at age 6 predicted the development of internalizing symptoms at age 9, whereas a blunted or smaller ΔERN at age 6 predicted the development of externalizing symptoms. Our results suggest that variation in error monitoring predicts, and may even shape, the expression of persistent irritability and differentiates developmental trajectories from preschool persistent irritability to internalizing versus externalizing outcomes in middle to late childhood.

Type
Special Issue Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 28 , Special Issue 4pt1: Mechanisms of Comorbidity, Continuity, and Discontinuity in Psychopathology , November 2016 , pp. 913 - 926
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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