Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-09T19:31:53.976Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Physiological regulation in high-risk infants: A model for assessment and potential intervention

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 March 2009

Stephen W. Porges
Stephen W. Porges*
Affiliation:
Institute for Child Study, University of Maryland
*
Stephen W. Porges, Department of Human Development, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-1131, USA. E-mail: [email protected].
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The model presented identifies the importance of neural regulation of autonomic state as an antecedent substrate for emotional, cognitive, and behavioral regulation. It is proposed that individual differences in neural regulation of autonomic state are related to normal and abnormal development. Establishing nervous system regulation of autonomic state is the infant's initial task of self-regulation. Survival for the high-risk infant is based primarily on physiological self-regulation. Although the methods described focus on the high-risk neonate, the model provides insight into normal development and may be generalized to the study of older children and adults with behavioral and psychological problems. Moreover, the model may contribute to assessment and intervention strategics for normal and abnormal development.

Type
Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 8 , Issue 1: Special Issue: Regulatory Process , Winter 1996 , pp. 43 - 58
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Apgar, V. (1953). A proposal for a new method of evaluation of the newborn infant. Current Researches in Anesthesia and Analgesia, 32, 260–268.Google ScholarPubMed
Bazhenova, O. V. (1995, 03). Vagal tone reactivity: A psychophysiological parallel of the dynamics of affect. Paper presented at the Biennial Meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Indianapolis, IN.Google Scholar
Becker, L. E., Zhang, W., & Pereyra, P. M. (1993). Delayed maturation of the vagus nerve in sudden infant death syndrome. Acta Neuropathologica, 86, 617–622.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Behrman, R. E., & Vaughan, V. C. (1987). Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Philadelphia: Saunders.Google Scholar
Cicchetti, D. (1993). Developmental psychopathology: Reactions, reflections, projections. Developmental Review, 13, 471–502.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeGangi, G. A., DiPietro, J. A., Greenspan, S. I., & Porges, S. W. (1991). Psychophysiological characteristics of the regulatory disordered infant. Infant Behavior and Development, 14, 37–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DiPietro, J. A., & Porges, S. W. (1991). Vagal responsiveness to gavage feeding as an index of preterm status. Pediatric Research, 29, 231–236.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Donchin, Y., Constantini, S., Szold, A., Byrne, E. A., & Porges, S. W. (1992). Cardiac vagal tone predicts outcome in neurosurgical patients. Critical Care Medicine, 20. 941–949.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Doussard-Roosevelt, J. A., Porges, S. W., Scanlon, J. W., Alemi, B., & Scanlon, K.Vagal regulation of heart rate in the prediction of developmental outcome for very low birth weight preterm neonates. Unpublished manuscript.Google Scholar
Fox, N. A. (1989). Psychophysiological correlates of emotional reactivity during the first year of life. Developmental Psychology, 25, 364–372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fox, N. A., & Porges, S. W. (1985). The relationship between developmental outcome and neonatal heart period patterns. Child Development, 56, 28–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
George, D. T., Nutt, D. J., Walker, W. V., Porges, S. W., Adinoff, B., & Linnoila, M. (1989). Lactate and hyperventilation substantially attenuate vagal tone in normal volunteers: A possible mechanism of panic provocation? Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 153–156.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenspan, S. I. (1992). Infancy and early childhood: The practice of clinical assessment and intervention with emotional developmental challenges. Madison, CT: International Universities Press.Google Scholar
Hickey, J. E., Suess, P. W., Newlin, D. B., Spurgeon, L., & Porges, S. W. (1995). Vagal tone regulation during sustained attention in boys exposed to opiates in utero. Addictive Behaviors, 2, 43–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hofheimer, J. A., Wood, B. R., Porges, S. W., Pearson, E., & Lawson, E. E. (1995). Respiratory sinus arrhythmia and social interaction patterns in preterm newborns. Infant Behavior and Development, 18. 233–245.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLeod, D. R., Hoehn-Saric, R., Porges, S. W., & Zimmcrli, W. D. (1992). Effects of alprazolam and imipramine on parasympathetic cardiac control in patients with generalized anxiety disorder. Psychopharmacology, 107, 535–540.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Porges, S. W. (1983). Heart rate patterns in neonates: A potential diagnostic window to the brain. In Field, T. M. & Sostek, A. M. (Eds.), Infants Born at Risk: Physiological and Perceptual Responses (pp. 3–22). New York: Grune & Stratton.Google Scholar
Porges, S. W. (1985). Method and Apparatus for Evaluating Rhythmic Oscillations in Aperiodic Physiological Response Systems. U.S. Patent No. 4,510,944, 04 16.Google Scholar
Porges, S. W. (1992). Vagal Tone: A physiological marker of stress vulnerability. Pediatrics, 90, 498–504.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Porges, S. W. (1995a). Cardiac vagal tone: A physiological index of stress. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 19, 225–233.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Porges, S. W. (1995b). Orienting in a defensive world: Mammalian modifications of our evolutionary heritage. A Polyvagal Theory. Psychophysiology, 32, 301–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Porges, S. W., & Lipsitt, L. P. (1993). Neonatal responsivity to gustatory stimulation: The gustatoryvagal hypothesis. Infant Behavior and Development, 16, 487–494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Porges, S. W., Doussard-Roosevelt, J. A., Portales, A. L., & Suess, P. E. (1994). Cardiac vagal tone: Stability and relation to difficultness in infants and three-year-old children. Developmental Psychobiology. 27, 289–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Portales, A. L., Doussard-Roosevelt, J. A., Lee, H. D., & Porges, S. W. (1992). Infant vagal tone predicts 3-year child behavior problems. Infant Behavior and Development, 15, 636.Google Scholar
Portales, A. L., Porges, S. W., Abedin, M., Lopez, R., Young, M. A., Beeram, M. R., & Baker, M.Vagal regulation during bottle feeding: Support for the gustatory-vagal hypothesis. Unpublished manuscript.Google Scholar
Porter, F. L., Porges, S. W., & Marshall, R. E. (1988). Newborn pain cries and vagal tone: Parallel changes in response to circumcision. Child Development, 59, 495–505.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Richter, D. W., & Spyer, K. M. (1990). Cardiorespiratory control. In Loewy, A. D. & Spyer, K. M. (Eds.), Central regulation of autonomic function (pp. 189–207). New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stifter, C. A., & Fox, N. A. (1990). Infant reactivity: Physiological correlates of newborn and 5-month temperament. Developmental Psychology, 26, 582–588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weiner, N. (1948). Cybernetics. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar