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Developmental disruptions in neural connectivity in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 October 2008

Katherine H. Karlsgodt ,
Daqiang Sun ,
Amy M. Jimenez ,
Evan S. Lutkenhoff ,
Rachael Willhite ,
Theo G. M. van Erp  and
Tyrone D. Cannon
Katherine H. Karlsgodt*
Affiliation:
University of Southern California, Los Angeles
Daqiang Sun
Affiliation:
University of Southern California, Los Angeles
Amy M. Jimenez
Affiliation:
University of Southern California, Los Angeles
Evan S. Lutkenhoff
Affiliation:
University of Southern California, Los Angeles
Rachael Willhite
Affiliation:
University of Southern California, Los Angeles
Theo G. M. van Erp
Affiliation:
University of Southern California, Los Angeles
Tyrone D. Cannon
Affiliation:
University of Southern California, Los Angeles
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Katherine Karlsgodt, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall Box 951563, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563; E-mail: [email protected].
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Abstract

Schizophrenia has been thought of as a disorder of reduced functional and structural connectivity. Recent advances in neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, structural magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and small animal imaging have advanced our ability to investigate this hypothesis. Moreover, the power of longitudinal designs possible with these noninvasive techniques enable the study of not just how connectivity is disrupted in schizophrenia, but when this disruption emerges during development. This article reviews genetic and neurodevelopmental influences on structural and functional connectivity in human populations with or at risk for schizophrenia and in animal models of the disorder. We conclude that the weight of evidence across these diverse lines of inquiry points to a developmental disruption of neural connectivity in schizophrenia and that this disrupted connectivity likely involves susceptibility genes that affect processes involved in establishing intra- and interregional connectivity.

Type
Research Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 20 , Special Issue 4: Imaging Brain Systems in Normality and Psychopathology , Fall 2008 , pp. 1297 - 1327
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

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